RU2747492C1 - Chamber grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical, mining, and construction industries.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed for fine grinding of materials in the chemical industry, mining industry, in the construction industry in the production of dry building mixtures as well as in other industries where the production conditions require fine grinding and activation of bulk materials. The grinder has bunkers (1) of the source material with material pipelines (2) for supplying material with counter flows into the grinding chamber (6), two sluice catapults (3) with drives (4). The upper sides of the sluice catapults (3) for the entry of the original bulk material from the bunkers (1) through the material pipelines (2) into the sluice chamber are as close as possible to the shell holes with a diameter of 0.5 shell radius. In this case, the sluice catapults (3) are coaxially attached to the grinding chamber (6) with outlet nozzles for ejection through them into the grinding chamber (6) of the starting material with counter flows at a speed of more than 100 m / sec. A vacuum wire (7) is fixed to the upper part of the grinding chamber (6) for taking the finished product from the grinding chamber (6) through the precipitator (8) into the storage tank (9) of the finished product. A collector (10) and a hoist (11) are connected to the lower part of the grinding chamber (6) to return the uncrushed product to the bunker (1) of the starting material.

EFFECT: grinder ensures expansion of technological possibilities.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology, designed for fine grinding of materials, with a speed of counter flows of more than 100 m / s, and can be used in industries: chemical, mining industry, in the construction industry in the production of dry building mixtures and in other industries, where production conditions require fine grinding and activation of bulk materials.

Known centrifugal impact mill RF Patent No. 2471560, Authors: Zaitsev A.I. et al. patent publication 10.01.2013 containing loading and unloading devices, a stationary cylindrical body. A rotor with blades is located inside the housing. The rotor is driven by an electric motor. Fender elements are installed on the inner surface of the body. A lifting mechanism is installed to move the bumpers. In the lower part of the rotor there are guide vanes, which, when it rotates, direct the crushed material to the unloading device.

The disadvantages of this mill include: low grinding efficiency, rapid wear of accelerating blades and crushing plates when grinding hard abrasive materials, large dimensions, complex design, high labor intensity of manufacture and material consumption of the installation. The complexity of the control of the operating mode of the installation in the process of grinding the initial material. To replace worn-out working bodies, the entire unit must be disassembled, which leads to prolonged downtime.

Known device "Airlock catapults for gunning", the author Kalysh A.I. (RF patent for invention dated April 13, 2017 No. 2663229) contains: a body (sluice) including a shell and two sidewalls fixed to the base, which passes into a branch pipe; the sidewalls have supports for a shaft with a flange for connecting a drive and a rigidly fixed rotor with elastic replaceable blades radially placed on it, each blade in cross-section overlapping the lock chamber. The shell, located between the sidewalls, has an open opening in the direction of rotation for ejection of the mixture. On the outer side of the base, a movable stop with an eccentric is fixed to regulate the elastic deformation of the blade, a steering wheel is fixed on the shank of the eccentric shaft.

The disadvantage of this device is the low-tech way of feeding bulk material into the sluice and the absence of a counter flow.

The closest prototype to the invention is a well-known device - a counter-flow jet mill (Authors of patent No. 2188077 Bogdanov BC and others) contains: bunkers of source material, in which axial nozzles of injectors are built to supply the main energy carrier, connected to the main air duct, included in the accelerating tubes, coaxially introduced into the counterflow grinding chamber. Coaxial to the booster tubes, there are retaining pipes with built-in nozzles for supplying additional energy carrier, with a gap forming a channel with the outer surface of the accelerating pipes and the inner surface of the retaining pipes, the nozzles of which are connected to an additional air duct, while the retaining pipes at the entrance to the grinding chamber are equipped with crimping nozzles, each of which it plays the role of a baffle plate and is made in the form of a truncated cone with an annular element on a smaller base and with an annular element on a larger base for rigid attachment to the retaining pipe. The outer surface of the annular element on the smaller base rests along the perimeter on the inner surface of the grinding chamber.

The disadvantage of this device is: a complex design, large dimensions, consumption of materials and labor intensity of manufacture; high energy consumption and consumption of compressed air, as well as the difficulty of separating it from the finished product; the drop in the speed of the material particles before their collision as a result of damping of the oncoming air flows in the grinding chamber; lack of the ability to regulate the operating mode during the grinding process; restrictions on the fractional composition of the starting material.

The technical result of the invention is: simplification of the device and its improvement; reduction of material consumption and labor intensity of manufacturing; reduction of energy consumption with simplification of the feed of the starting material into the grinding chamber without damping the counter flows and the subsequent selection of the finished product into the storage tank; the ability to regulate the grinding process; reducing the requirements for the fractional composition of the starting material.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result are: the complex design of the device, large material consumption and labor intensity of manufacture. Large energy consumption and air consumption when feeding the material into the grinding chamber and the difficulty of separating it from the finished product. Damping of counter air flows in the grinding chamber and the lack of control over the grinding process. Strict requirements and restrictions for the fractional composition of the starting material.

The features of the prototype, which coincide with the essential features of the invention, are: bunkers with feed pipelines for the source material, counter flows, into the grinding chamber.

The technical objective of the invention is to simplify and improve the design of the device, which will eliminate the disadvantages of the analogue.

The problem is solved by the fact that the crusher is a chamber crusher, including bunkers of raw material and material supply lines to the grinding chamber, in opposite flows, and additionally, according to the invention, contains two sluice catapults with drives, the upper sidewalls of sluice catapults for the entry of the original bulk material from the bins through the material pipelines into the lock chamber has holes with a diameter of 0.5 of the radius of the shell as close as possible to the shell, while the airlock catapults are coaxially attached to the grinding chamber with outlet nozzles for ejection through them into the grinding chamber of the starting material with opposite flows at a speed of more than 100 m / s, and to the upper part of the chamber For grinding, a vacuum wire is attached to take the finished product from the grinding chamber through the precipitator into the storage tank of the finished product, and a collector and an elevator are attached to the lower part of the grinding chamber to return the not crushed product to the source material hopper.

There is a causal relationship between the set of essential features of the invention and the achieved technical result: bunkers with supply pipelines with countercurrent flows of source material into the grinding chamber are supplemented with two sluice catapults with drives, the upper sides of sluice catapults for the entry of bulk material from the bins through the material pipelines into the sluice chamber have Holes with a diameter of 0.5 of the radius of the shell as close as possible to the shell, while the airlock catapults are coaxially attached to the grinding chamber by outlet nozzles for ejection through them into the grinding chamber of the starting material with counter flows at a speed of more than 100 m / s, and a vacuum is fixed to the upper part of the grinding chamber - a wire for the selection of the finished product from the grinding chamber through the precipitator into the storage tank of the finished product, and to the lower part of the grinding chamber, for returning the not crushed product to the source material hopper, collection and lift are united.

The proposed device will provide: simplicity and reliability of the design, reducing material consumption and labor intensity of manufacturing a chamber grinder; exclude air consumption when supplying the source material and ensure ejection by counter streams, at a speed of more than 100 m / s, into the grinding chamber with the selection of the finished product by evacuation, from the grinding chamber into the storage tank through the precipitator; will provide the ability to regulate the grinding process and partially remove restrictions on the fractional composition of the starting material.

The use of all essential features will make it possible to obtain the described technical result.

To expand the technological capabilities of chamber grinders, they can be installed in a cascade vertical or horizontal scheme.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials that do not cover the entire scope of this technical solution, but are only illustrative materials of a particular case of implementation:

FIG. 1 Chamber chopper.

FIG. 2 Chamber grinder, schematic flow diagram.

FIG. 3. Chamber chopper - airlock catapult.

FIG. 4. Chamber grinder - material ejection.

The chamber grinder contains: a bunker of source material 1, material pipelines 2 and sluice catapults 3 with drives 4 for ejection of material through outlet pipes 5 into the grinding chamber 6. Sluice catapults 3 are mated coaxially with the grinding chamber 6. A vacuum wire is fixed to the upper part of the grinding chamber 6 7 to the precipitator 8 and the storage tank 9 of the finished product. From the container 9, the finished product is fed to the warehouse or to the consumer by a screw 14. To the lower part of the grinding chamber 6, a collector 10 and a screw elevator 11 are fixed to return the not crushed product to the hoppers 1 of the source material.

The chamber grinder works as follows: when the source material outflows from the hopper 1 through the material pipelines 2 it enters the airlock 12 through the hole 13 in the upper sidewall of the airlock catapult 3. The material supplied through the outlet pipes 5 is catapulted into the grinding chamber 6 at a speed of more than 100 meters per second. The timing of the ejection of material from the airlock catapults 3 is adjustable. After grinding, the material is transported by a vacuum wire 7 through the precipitator 8 into the storage tank of the finished product 9. From the tank 9, the finished product is fed to the warehouse or to the consumer by a screw 14. Non-crushed material is returned from the grinding chamber 6 by a screw elevator 11 to the source material hopper 1.

For optimal operation of the chamber grinder, the material ejection capacity must be greater than the material feeding capacity by at least 10%.

As a drive of a chamber grinder, the following can be used: a geared motor, or another type of drive that provides the necessary characteristics. The supply of raw material to the sluices can be carried out by gravity or by a feeder.

Claims (3)

1. Chamber grinder, including bunkers of raw material with material pipelines for supplying material with counter flows into the grinding chamber, characterized in that the chamber grinder additionally contains two sluice catapults with drives, the upper sidewalls of sluice catapults for the entry of the original bulk material from the bins through the material pipelines into the sluice chamber have Holes with a diameter of 0.5 of the radius of the shell as close as possible to the shell, while the airlock catapults are coaxially attached to the grinding chamber by outlet nozzles for ejection through them into the grinding chamber of the starting material with counter flows at a speed of more than 100 m / s, and a vacuum is fixed to the upper part of the grinding chamber - a line for the selection of the finished product from the grinding chamber through the precipitator into the storage tank of the finished product, and a collector and a hoist are connected to the lower part of the grinding chamber to return the not crushed product to the source material hopper. 2. A chamber grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the original bulk material is fed into the lock chamber by gravity or by a feeder. 3. A chamber grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator is made of a screw.

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