RU2632652C1 - Pyro-valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: pyrovalve for the overlapping of the mains contains a casing with an inlet and outlet cavity, with a cutoff seat, with a central opening and a socket for a pyro cartridge, a shutter in form of a fungus with a rod installed in the central opening of the casing and fixed to the casing by a pin. There is a seat, an intermediate cavity in the central opening of the casing. A shutter is installed in the central opening of the casing. A ring is installed in the casing groove. A cover is installed in the casing bore. An internal blind stepped bore with a conical transition between the steps is made in the cover. Openings are made at the bottom of the cover, grooves that communicate the cavity of the socket under the pyro cartridge with the inner cavity of the larger stage of the cover are made on the outer surface and at the end of the lid. A piston with a conical surface and a sealing thin-walled shell, connected to the stem by means of a thread, is mounted in the cover. A seal ring and a protective washer are installed in the shutter rod. A sleeve is installed to reduce the volume of the over-piston cavity.

EFFECT: application of this invention allows the use of pyroclap for large through sections, excludes the breakthrough of the powder gases of the pyro cartridge when it is triggered, and excludes the working pressure of the component from affecting the insulation of the pyro cartridge.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used to create units of automation, namely, pyro valves with a pyrotechnic drive designed to cut off the working fluid, and can be used to create units of automation of liquid rocket engines (LRE) and other power plants.

Currently, when creating pyro valves to overlap the high-pressure rocket engine lines, pyro valves with a shut-off element made in the form of a conical plug interacting with a conical seat formed in the outlet channel are widely used (A.I. Edelman. Fuel valves of the liquid-propellant rocket engine, because of "Engineering", 1970, pp. 73-75). The disadvantages of a pyrovalve include:

1. The possibility of a breakthrough of powder gases into the inlet cavity filled with components, which limits the use of a pyrovalve for liquid-propellant rocket engines with those fuels that explode upon contact with the powder gases generated when the igniter is triggered,

2. Violation of the insulation tightness of the igniter under the influence of the operating pressure of the component on the igniter (≥ 20 kgf / cm ² ).

Known pyrovalve (RU 2142085, F16K 17/40 from 13.05 98), containing a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles located on the same axis, between which a thin-walled pipe is tightly mounted, a side cavity in the form of a stepped cylindrical hole with a conical transition surface between the steps , with a stepped blocking plug with an opening through which a thin-walled pipe is passed.

The disadvantage of a pyrovalve is the impossibility of simultaneously cutting in two places of pipes of large diameter, without deforming it in places of the cut, which can lead to an unnormalized increase in the hydroresistance of the valve.

Known pyrovalve (MV Dobrovolsky. Liquid rocket engines. Because of "Engineering", 1968, pp. 238-239 - prototype), containing a housing with inlet and outlet cavities, with a cut-off saddle, with a central hole and a socket for a squib , a bolt in the form of a fungus with a rod installed in the central hole of the housing and secured with a pin to the housing.

The disadvantage of a pyrovalve is the possibility of a breakthrough of powder gases into the inlet cavity filled with a component, which limits the use of a pyrovalve for liquid-propellant rocket engines with those fuels that explode on contact with high-pressure powder gases and temperatures generated by the operation of the squib.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages, the use of a pyrovalve for large flow cross-sections, the elimination of the breakthrough of powder gases of the igniter, when it is triggered, the exclusion of the impact on the insulation of the igniter of the working pressure of the component.

The problem is solved in that in a pyrovalve for overlapping highways containing a housing with inlet and outlet cavities, a central hole and a socket for a squib, a bolt in the form of a fungus with a rod installed in the central hole of the housing and secured with a pin, according to the invention, in the housing in a central hole is made of an intermediate cavity communicating with the output cavity, as well as a groove from the side of the socket for the squib and a groove in which a cover with a socket for the squib is installed with internal blind step groove with a conical transition between the steps, holes are made on the bottom of the cover, grooves are made on the outer surface and on the end of the cover, communicating the cavity of the socket under the squib with the internal cavity of the larger step of the cover, a piston with a conical surface and with a thin-walled sealing shell is installed in the cover , a groove between the intermediate cavity and the pin is made in the shutter rod, while the lid with the outer surface interacts with the inner surface of the groove of the housing, the inner the surface of the larger stage with a thin-walled sealing shell of the piston, the piston interacts threaded with the valve stem and contacts the conical surface with the conical transition between the steps of the blind blind groove, the outer surface of the valve fungus contacts the inner surface of the central hole from the side of the inlet cavity of the housing, and the ratio of the over-piston volume before actuation to the over-piston volume after actuation not less than 0.45.

The outer surface of the shutter fungus is in contact with the inner surface of the hole from the input cavity of the housing with interference.

A seal - a rubber ring is installed in the groove of the housing, and a seal - a rubber ring with a protective washer is installed in the groove of the rod.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed pyrovalve, where:

1 - housing;

2 - a saddle of the body;

3 - shutter;

4 - an intermediate cavity;

5 - ring;

6 - grooves of the cover;

7 - groove of the body;

8 - cover;

9 - holes;

10 - grooves;

11 - a piston;

12 - sleeve;

13 - a protective washer;

14 - a sealing ring.

A saddle 2, an intermediate cavity 4 is made in the housing 1, in the central hole 4. A shutter 3 is installed in the central hole of the housing 1, a ring 5 is installed in the housing groove. A cover 8 is installed in the groove of the housing 7. An internal blind step groove with a tapered transition is made in the cover 8 between the steps. Holes 9 are made at the bottom of the cover 8, grooves 6 and 10 are made on the outer surface and along the end of the cover 8, communicating the cavity of the socket under the squib with the internal cavity of the greater stage of the cover 8. A piston 11 with a conical surface and with a thin-walled sealing shell is installed in the cover 8, connected to the valve stem with a thread. A seal ring 14 and a protective washer 13 are installed in the valve stem 3. To reduce the volume of the over-piston cavity, a sleeve 12 is installed.

Pyrovalve operates as follows. Upon a response command, the gases from the igniter enter through the openings 9 and the grooves 6 and 10 of the cover 8 under the piston 11. When the gas pressure increases, the pin is cut off and the piston 11 together with the shutter 3 moves until the conical surface of the piston 11 is jammed in the conical transition of the internal blind step groove of the cover 8, while the pressure under the piston practically does not decrease, since the ratio of the over-piston volume before actuation to the over-piston volume after actuation is not less than 0.45, and the time of increase in pressure of the powder gases is 0.001 s. When the ratio of the volume of the supra-piston cavity before actuation to the volume of the supra-piston cavity after actuation is less than 0.45, the pressure in the supra-piston cavity will decrease when the pyrovalve is triggered, which reduces the reliability of its operation. The sealing of the powder gases is ensured by a thin-walled sealing shell of the piston 11. The gate fungus with the outer surface is pressed into the seat 2 of the housing 1 with an interference fit, providing a tight shut-off of the pyrovalve flow cavity.

Possible leakage of the component along the sealing ring 14 and powder gases along the ring 5 are triggered into the drainage.

To ensure reliable retention of the piston in the place of its jamming, as well as to reduce the dynamic effects of moving parts on the cover 8 on the conical surface of the piston 11 is made cutting type "ruff".

Since the use of the pyrovalve is planned in rocket technology, its parts are made of the following materials:

steel 07X16H6 - housing, shutter, cover, piston, pin;

Alum alloy D16.T - sleeve;

ftoroplast 4 - a protective washer;

rubber mixture IRP-1130 - ring, sealing ring.

Thus, the use of this invention allows the use of a pyrovalve for large flow cross-sections, to eliminate the breakthrough of the powder gases of the igniter when it is triggered, to exclude the impact on the insulation of the igniter of the working pressure of the component.

Claims (3)

1. A pyrovalve for blocking highways, comprising a housing with an inlet and outlet cavities, with a cut-off seat, with a central hole and a socket for a squib, a fungus-shaped shutter with a rod installed in the central hole of the housing, and secured with a pin to the housing, characterized in that in the case in the central hole there is an intermediate cavity communicating with the outlet cavity, as well as a groove from the side of the pyro cartridge and a groove in which a cover with a socket for the pyro cartridge is installed with an internal blind a grooved groove with a conical transition between the steps, holes are made on the bottom of the cover, grooves are made on the outer surface and along the end of the cover, communicating the cavity of the socket under the pyrovalve with the internal cavity of the larger step of the cover, a piston with a conical surface and with a thin-walled sealing shell is installed in the cover, in the shutter rod has a groove between the intermediate cavity and the pin, while the cover with the outer surface interacts with the inner surface of the larger stage with a thin-walled sealing with the piston shell, the piston interacts threaded with the valve stem and contacts with a conical surface with a conical transition between the steps of the blind blind groove, and the outer surface of the valve fungus contacts the inner surface of the central hole from the side of the inlet cavity of the housing, and the ratio of the over-piston volume to the response to the over-piston volume after operation not less than 0.45. 2. The pyrovalve according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the shutter fungus is in contact with the inner surface of the hole from the input cavity of the housing with interference. 3. The pyrovalve according to claim 1, characterized in that a seal - a rubber ring is installed in the groove of the housing, and a seal - a rubber ring with a protective washer is installed in the groove of the stem.

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