RU2624477C1 - Granular material batch averager - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: in the granular material batch averager, containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, overflowing funnels in the form of truncated cones which are axially symmetric to the body, nozzles for loading the unaveraged material and unloading the averaged material, the hoppers are fixed in the body with a gap in relation to the body and with a gap in relation to each other in the projection on the vertical plane, the fixed plate is fixed under the lower funnel, under each hopper there are disintegrants of the material flow made, for example, in the form of nozzles linked with the air intake manifold. The disintegrators of the material flow are made in the form of blades fixed on a vertical shaft, mounted axially to the body. The blades are fixed on vertical shafts installed longitudinally to the body in the gaps between the funnels and the body. Funnels are fixed to the body with brackets in the form of inclined plates, which have the opposite slope on adjacent funnels. The main advantage of the proposed technical solution is the intensification of the material batches averaging process due to the organisation of parallel loosened material flows of individual batches and their intensive mixing.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of averaging through the organization of multi-stream parallel mixing of a series of consecutive batches of granular material.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of granular materials, namely, devices for averaging batches of bulk materials and can be used in chemical, food and other industries.

Known averager batches of bulk materials, containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, with inclined trays and nozzles installed inside the housing one above the other for loading unveraged and unloading the averaged material (Ostrikov A.N. et al. Processes and apparatuses for food production. - St. Petersburg: GIODR, Book 1 - 2007. - 704 p.). The disadvantages of this design are the low quality of averaging batches of the obtained product, due to the low efficiency of longitudinal mixing of the material of individual batches when they are metered into the working volume of the averager with a small fill factor.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a bulk batch averager containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, bulk funnels in the form of truncated cones fixed axisymmetrically to the body, and nozzles for loading an average and unloading averaged material (USSR AS No. 1089262, Cl. E21C 41 / Cl. E21C 41/41. 00, 1982).

The disadvantage of this device is that as a result of the movement of particles in a dense layer, the intensity of the mutual redistribution of the material of various batches of bulk materials and the uniform distribution of the mixed components in the cross and longitudinal sections of the averager are limited, which prevents the achievement of high quality averaging.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of averaging due to the organization of multi-threaded parallel mixing of a number of consecutive batches of bulk material.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the batch averager of bulk materials containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, funnel-shaped funnels in the form of truncated cones are fixed axisymmetrically to the body, nozzles for loading the averaged and unloaded averaged material, the bulk funnels are fixed in the housing with a gap relative to the body and with a gap relative to each other in a projection on a vertical plane, a fixed plate is fixed under the lower funnel, under each funnel is installed disintegrants material flow.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the disintegrants of the material flow are made in the form of nozzles connected to the air supply manifold.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the disintegrants of the material flow are made in the form of blades mounted on a vertical shaft mounted axisymmetrically to the housing.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the blades are mounted on vertical shafts mounted longitudinally to the housing in the gaps between the funnels and the housing.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the funnels are mounted on the housing with the help of brackets in the form of inclined plates having an opposite inclination on adjacent funnels.

In FIG. 1, 3 and 4 show the batch averager of bulk materials, and in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one.

The averaging device (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) consists of a cylindrical body 1, a conical bottom 2, fixed axisymmetrically to the body of the overflow funnels 3 in the form of truncated cones, nozzles 4 and 5 for loading the averaged material and unloading the averaged material, respectively. In this case, the filling funnels 3 are fixed with a gap relative to the cylindrical body 1 and with a gap relative to each other in projection onto a vertical plane using brackets 6 in the form of inclined plates having an opposite inclination on adjacent funnels. In the gaps under each funnel, material flow disintegrants are installed, made in the form of nozzles 7 connected to the air supply manifold 8.

A plate 9 is fixedly fixed under the lower funnel in the housing. A pipe 10 is installed in the housing cover to exhaust the exhaust air.

The averager (Fig. 3) consists of a cylindrical body 1, a conical bottom 2, fixed axially symmetrically to the body 1 of the overflow funnels 3 in the form of truncated cones, nozzles 4 and 5 for loading the averaged material and unloading the averaged material, respectively. In this case, the filling funnels 3 are fixed with a gap relative to the cylindrical body 1 and with a gap relative to each other in projection onto a vertical plane using brackets 6 in the form of inclined plates having an opposite inclination on adjacent funnels. In the gaps under each funnel there are material flow disintegrants made in the form of blades 11. The blades are mounted on a vertical shaft 12 mounted axially symmetrically to the housing 1 and rotating from the drive 13.

The averager (Fig. 4) consists of a cylindrical body 1, a conical bottom 2, fixed axially symmetrically to the body 1 of the overflow funnels 3 in the form of truncated cones, nozzles 4 and 5 for loading the unveraged and unloading the averaged material, respectively. In this case, the filling funnels 3 are fixed with a gap relative to the housing 1 and with a gap relative to each other in projection onto a vertical plane with the help of brackets 6 in the form of inclined plates having an opposite inclination on adjacent funnels. In the gaps between the funnels there are disintegrants of the material flow. In this case, the disintegrants of the material flow are made in the form of blades 14 mounted on vertical shafts 15 mounted longitudinally to the housing 1 in the gaps between the funnels and the housing. Drives 16 shafts 15 are installed on the housing cover.

The average batch of bulk materials (Fig. 1, 3, 4) works as follows.

The implementation of the averaging process in this device begins with filling bulk material in the volume of the filling funnels 3. For this batch of material, it is fed through the loading nozzle (nozzle) 4 and the filling funnels 3 onto the plate 9 until the internal space of the funnel cascade is completely filled. In this case, under each of the funnels, bulk material is formed with angles of repose. After filling the filling funnels, the flow of material is continued and flow disintegrants located in the bulk of the material under the funnels are driven.

The main effect of longitudinal mixing of the material and averaging of the batches is achieved due to the functioning of flow disintegrants in the bulk under funnels. Under the action of disintegrants, the slope angle of the bulk decreases, and the material acquires the possibility of moving parallel loose particles of falling particles in the space between the funnels and the body. Falling particles of parallel flows in contact with the brackets 6, made in the form of inclined plates. Upon contact of a part of the falling particles with the brackets, they change the trajectory of movement. Under the action of inclined plates having an opposite inclination in the zone of adjacent funnels, parallel streams of material composed of its successive batches are additionally mixed in the falling layer of particles.

In addition, under the action of gravitational forces, a gravity flow of material is organized in bulk funnels along the body 1 of the averager. It is known that the longitudinal movement of bulk material in a conical funnel is characterized by an uneven speed, which leads to its longitudinal mixing. At the same time, particles of granular material are involved in transverse (radial) movements when moving along bulk funnels. As a result of this, a certain longitudinal and transverse mixing of particles occurs, which contributes to the averaging of batches of material.

The averaged material is discharged from the averager through the pipe 5 in the conical bottom 2.

The proposed device variants (Figs. 1, 3, 4) are distinguished by different versions of baking powder. The baking powder intensifies the process of redistribution of particles in the loosened layer due to an increase in their mobility, and also allows you to organize parallel flows of mixing bulk material in the gap between the bulk funnels and the averager body and thereby increase the efficiency of the batch averaging process.

The loosening of the material in the bulk formed under the funnel of the averager in FIG. 1, is carried out under the influence of jets of air supplied to the bed by means of nozzles 7 connected to the collector 8. The intensity of loosening, which determines the amount of parallel mixing flows, is controlled by changing the air supply. The exhaust air is discharged from the averager body through the pipe 10.

The loosening of the material in the bulk formed under the funnel of the averager in FIG. 3, is carried out by blades 11, mounted on a shaft 12, rotating from the drive 13. The intensity of loosening and, accordingly, the magnitude of the parallel mixing flows is controlled by changing the speed of rotation of the shaft 12.

The loosening of the material in the homogenizer of FIG. 4 is carried out by swinging blades 14, mounted on shafts 15, performing oscillatory angular displacements from the drives 16. The intensity of loosening and the amount of parallel flows of mixing of batches of material depending on it are regulated by changing the frequency of oscillations of the shaft 15.

In the absence of distinguishing features of the proposed device, a high quality of averaging is not ensured, due to the low efficiency of longitudinal and transverse mixing of the material.

EXAMPLE. In the cylindrical body of the averager with a diameter of 0.3 m and a height of 1.5 m with a conical bottom, inside which five pouring funnels and plates are fixed cascade axially symmetrically to the body, lots of granular polymer material are fed.

Pouring funnels made in the form of truncated cones are fixed axisymmetrically in the averaging case using brackets with a narrow base down. The diameter of the wide base of the pouring funnels is 0.2 m, and the diameter of the lower base is determined taking into account the angle of repose of the material (34 °) and the gap between the funnels (0.03 m) and equal to 0.1 m. the inclination of the generatrix of the conical surface of the funnels with respect to the angle of friction of the material on the surface of the funnels. The height of the filling funnels is 0.2 m.

Baking powder is made in the form of either nozzles for supplying air into the material layer or in the form of blades mounted on a vertical shaft mounted axisymmetrically to the funnels, or blades mounted on vertical shafts mounted longitudinally to the body in the gaps between the funnels and the body. Under the action of disintegrants, the slope angle of the bulk material under the funnels decreases and, as a result, parallel loosened material flows are organized along the averager body in the space between the funnels and the body.

The size of the nozzle openings should be determined from the condition of supplying a certain amount of air at a speed exceeding the critical fluidization rate of the material. The length of the blades mounted on a vertical shaft should be equal to half the diameter of the wide base of the conical funnel.

An additional effect of mixing batches of material is organized during the gravity flow of material in bulk funnels along the body of the averager.

The averaged material is discharged from the averager through a pipe in the conical bottom of the housing.

Compared with the known, the proposed device has the following advantages.

The use of a batch stream of a batch of material in a cascade of baking powder devices and organizing a variety of parallel batch loosened batch mixing flows in the gap between the bulk funnels and the averager body can significantly increase the efficiency of the process of averaging material properties. Intensification of the mixing of material of parallel flows is also provided by inclined plates (brackets) installed by a cascade with an opposite angle of inclination in the gaps between the overflow funnels and the averaging case. As a result, the mutual penetration of the material of individual batches is intensified and a uniform volume distribution of their particles at the exit from the averager is achieved.

The main distinguishing feature and novelty of the proposed technical solution is the intensification of the process of averaging batches of material due to the organization of parallel loosened material flows of individual batches and their intensive mixing.

Claims (5)

1. A batch averager of bulk materials, containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, axially symmetric to the bulk discharge funnels in the form of truncated cones, nozzles for loading an average and discharge of the averaged material, characterized in that the bulk funnels are fixed in the housing with a gap relative to the housing and with a gap relative to each other in a projection on a vertical plane, a fixed plate is fixed under the lower funnel, and material flow disintegrants are installed under each funnel. 2. The batch averager of bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the disintegrants of the material flow are made in the form of nozzles connected to an air supply manifold. 3. The batch averager of bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the baking powder of the material flow is made in the form of blades mounted on a vertical shaft mounted axisymmetrically to the housing. 4. The batch averager of bulk materials according to claim 3, characterized in that the blades are mounted on vertical shafts mounted longitudinally to the housing in the gaps between the funnels and the housing. 5. The batch averager of bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the funnels are fixed to the housing using brackets in the form of inclined plates having an opposite inclination on adjacent funnels.

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