RU2622348C1 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: rotary internal combustion engine comprises a housing consisting of two sections 1 and 2 with cavities compression and expansion, the partition 3, cover 4 and 5, the shaft 6, the rotors 8 and 9 in the form of discs, rotary valves 11, 12, 13 and 14, the system fuel supply, the ignition system. Two dampers 11 and 12 placed on the same shaft 15, fastened between the covers 4 and 5. One of the valves is in contact with one rotor, the other - with the other. Apparatus sealing flaps rotors comprises a plate 16 disposed in a groove formed in the flap on the rotor side. Plate 16 is urged by a spring 17 attached to the opposite surface of the flap, via a pin 18 disposed in the through hole flap. Radial seal plate 19 contain valves bevel disposed in the housing recess, and a number of apertures 20. Openings 20 are formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical sector casing so that the plate is a bevel zone apertures. Side seals of the rotor 29 comprise sectors disposed in the annular groove and the cover is pressed against the rotor by means of pins 31 placed through holes in the cover, the springs 30. Springs 30 are secured to the outer side of the cover.

EFFECT: design simplification, increased efficiency and reliability of the engine.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engine building, in particular to rotary internal combustion engines. A number of rotary engines are known (patents: RU 2411377, RU 2360135, RU 2161708, RU 2527808, No. 2193676 on RDT-1, No. 2478803 on RDT-3), the devices of which contain common features with the proposed device. As a prototype, the rotary internal combustion engine closest in technical essence and general features was selected (patent RU 2411377, MKI F02B 53/08, F02B 55/16, F01C 1/46, 2011).

The disadvantages of the device are: the complexity of the design with insufficient efficiency due to the fact that sections of the body and blades (hereinafter referred to as the shutters) have complex shapes, which creates technological difficulties in their manufacture. The rise of the dampers occurs as a result of the impact of the rotor, and the lowering - under the action of springs. With an increase in engine speed, the time for lowering the shutter is reduced. Considering inertia, for guaranteed lowering of the shutter at high engine speeds, significant spring force is required, which creates additional friction losses. In addition, the springs are located in the high temperature zone, which may lead to their inoperability.

The aim of the invention is to create a simple, economical and reliable rotary engine without the drawbacks mentioned above, which will find wide application in various fields of the national economy.

This goal is achieved in that the rotary internal combustion engine, comprising a housing consisting of two sections with cylindrical coaxial compression and expansion cavities, a baffle, covers mounted on the housing, a shaft mounted in the covers in the center of the housing cavities by means of bearings rotatably, rotors mounted on the shaft, made in the form of cylindrical disks containing a cutout, rotary shutters, constantly pressed to the outer surfaces of the rotors, the fuel supply system, the ignition system, characterized in that two shutters are placed on one shaft symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, rotatably fixed between the covers, and are rigidly fixed to it, while one of them is in contact with one rotor, the other with the other, a sealing device for said shutters with rotors contains a plate placed in a groove made in the shutter from the rotor side, and constantly preloaded by a spring fixed on the opposite surface of the shutter by means of a pin located in the through hole of the shutter, included in the groove of the groove, the radial seals of the shutters contain a plate with a bevel placed in a groove made in the housing sector from the side of the shutter, and a series of holes made from the side of the inner cylindrical surface of the housing sector so that the bevel of the plate is in the hole zone, side seals rotors contain a sector located in the annular groove of the cover and constantly pressed against the rotor by means of pins located in the through holes of the cover, with springs fixed on the outside of the cover .

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 - A rotary internal combustion engine according to the invention, in section along the axis of the shaft.

FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, view from the side of the lid,

FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 1, damper seals,

FIG. 4 is the same as in FIG. 1, section 1, the beginning of absorption,

FIG. 5 is the same as in FIG. 1, section 2, the beginning of the working stroke,

FIG. 6 is the same as in FIG. 1, side rotor seals,

FIG. 7 is the same as in FIG. 1, section 1, the beginning of the discharge,

FIG. 8 is the same as in FIG. 1, section 2, the beginning of the exhaust.

The rotary internal combustion engine contains a housing consisting of two sections - compression section 1 (Fig. 1) (hereinafter referred to as the injection section) and expansion section 2 (hereinafter referred to as the working section) with cylindrical cavities of the same diameter, partition 3, covers 4 and 5 mounted on the outside of the sections 1 and 2 of the housing, the shaft 6, mounted in the covers 4 and 5 in the center of the cavities of the housing by means of bearings 7 for rotation, two rotors 8 and 9 with the same profile, made in the form of cylindrical disks containing a cutout fixed on shaft 6 by means of dowels 10, rotary shutters 11, 12, 13, 14 (Fig. 2), constantly pressed to the outer surfaces of rotors 8, 9, fuel supply system, ignition system.

The rotors 8, 9 contain two cylindrical surfaces formed around the axis of rotation of the rotor - the outer and the notch surface, the transitions between which contain two cylindrical surfaces - convex and concave, while all four transition surfaces have the same radius.

The flaps 11, 12 are placed on one shaft 15 symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 15, rotatably fixed between the covers 4, 5, and are rigidly fixed to it. In this case, the shutter 11 is in contact with the rotor 8, the shutter 12 is in contact with the rotor 9. The rotors are rotated on the shaft relative to each other at an angle at which the start of lifting one shutter coincides with the beginning of lowering the other. The sealing device of the shutters 11, 12 with rotors 8, 9 contains a plate 16 (Fig. 3), placed in a groove made in the shutter from the rotor side, constantly pressed by a spring 17, mounted on the opposite surface of the shutter, by means of a pin 18 located in the through hole flaps entering the groove cavity.

The radial seals of the shutters 11 and 12 contain a bevel plate 19 placed in a groove made in the housing sector from the shutter side, and a series of holes 20 made from the inner cylindrical surface of the housing section so that the bevel of the plate is in the area of the holes. The discharge section contains a rotor 8 (Fig. 4), a rotary damper 11 mounted on the shaft 15, a rotary damper 13, mounted on an axis 21 located between the partition 3 and the cover 4, a suction window 22 and an exhaust channel 23. The stroke section contains a preliminary combustion chamber 24 (Fig. 5) (hereinafter referred to as a combustion chamber) with a channel 25, a rotor 9, a rotary damper 12 mounted on the shaft 15, a rotary damper 14, mounted on an axis 26 located between the partition 3 and the cover 5, and an exhaust window 27. The combustion chamber 24 communicates with the internal cavity orpusa 2.

The rotary shutters 13 and 14 (Fig. 2) are constantly pressed by means of springs 28 to the respective rotors. The side seals of the rotors contain a sector 29 (Fig. 6), placed in the annular groove of the cover and constantly pressed against the rotor by means of pins 31 located in the through holes of the cover, with springs 30 fixed on the outside of the cover.

The engine includes a fuel supply system and an ignition system (not shown). The spark plug is located on the end of the combustion chamber body 24. The fuel injection nozzle is located on the other side of the combustion chamber 24. The exhaust channel 23 of the pressure chamber is connected to the channel 25 of the combustion chamber 24. Channel 25 contains a check valve (not shown) located in front of the nozzle. One end of the shaft 4 is used for power take-off, the other for the drive of the fuel pump and the ignition system device.

The device operates as follows. The working chamber in the section is formed when the rotor rotates, when the rotor cutout enters the cylindrical cavity of the housing section. In this case, the enclosed chamber volume is limited by the cutout surface in the rotor, the cylindrical surface of the cavity of the housing section, the plane of the partition 3, the plane of the corresponding cover, and the surface of the shutter adjacent to the section. The volume increases with the rotation of the rotor until the exit of the cutout of the rotor from the cylindrical cavity of the housing section. With further rotation of the rotor, the volume of the working chamber decreases and disappears when the cutout of the rotor leaves the housing section.

To start the engine, rotate the shaft 4 (Fig. 4), in this case, clockwise, manually or otherwise. In this case, the rotor 8 rotates and the volume of the working chamber in the discharge section increases, air is sucked from the environment. With further rotation of the shaft 4 (Fig. 7), the volume of the working chamber decreases and air, compressed, enters through channel 22, channel 25 (Fig. 8) and a check valve in channel 25 to the combustion chamber 24. Exit from the combustion chamber 24 to the cavity of the section during pumping the combustion chamber is closed by the outer surface of the rotor 9.

At the end of the pumping of air, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 24 and the working mixture is ignited by means of a spark plug. When the cut-out in the rotor 9 (Fig. 5) enters the section cavity, a working chamber is formed and the exit from the combustion chamber 24 to the section cavity is open. Burning gases under pressure rush into the chamber of the stroke and since the chamber volume is closed, they press on the front surface of the rotor cutout, creating a torque.

When the front cutout of the rotor 9 (Fig. 8) leaves the cavity of the section, the exhaust gas is displaced from the working chamber through the exhaust window 27. The rotors 8 and 9 have inertia, therefore, an additional flywheel is not needed. The process is then repeated. For one revolution of the shaft, four cycles are realized: suction and stroke simultaneously, pumping of the combustion chamber 24 and exhaust simultaneously.

Since the shutters 11 and 12 (Fig. 2) are rigidly fixed to the shaft 15, their raising and lowering occurs under the influence of one or the other rotor, which guarantees the operation of the shutters at high engine speeds. The position of the shutters 11, 12 on the shaft 15 provides free rotation of the rotors 8, 9 with minimal gaps between the rotors and the shutters. The gaps are selected by sealing devices containing a plate 16 (Fig. 3). The spring 17 and the pin 18, located in the center of the plate 16, ensure its uniform pressure against the surface of the rotor. Radial seals of the shutters 11, 12 are provided by increasing the pressure in the working chamber, which acts on the bevel of the plate 19 through the holes 20, pressing the plate 19 against the cylindrical surface of the shutter.

The invention can find application in motor industry, as it can be taken as a basis for creating a rotary internal combustion engine with high torque, which will make it possible to do without gearboxes, gearboxes in a number of devices.

The engine will find wide application in transport, in everyday life and in other areas of the national economy. Design features and a small number of parts suggest its high reliability, low weight, high efficiency, and relatively low cost.

Claims (1)

A rotary internal combustion engine comprising a housing consisting of two sections with cylindrical coaxial compression and expansion cavities, a baffle, covers fixed to the housing, a shaft mounted in the covers in the center of the housing cavities by means of bearings for rotation, rotors mounted on the shaft, made in the form of cylindrical disks containing a cut-out, rotary shutters, constantly pressed to the outer surfaces of the rotors, a fuel supply system, an ignition system, characterized in that the two shutters p placed on one shaft symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, rotatably fixed between the covers, and rigidly mounted on it, one of them being in contact with one rotor, the other with the other, the sealing device of said shutters with rotors contains a plate placed in the groove made in the shutter from the rotor side, and constantly pressed by the spring fixed on the opposite surface of the shutter by means of a pin located in the through hole of the shutter entering the groove cavity, the radial The shutter’s seals contain a bevel plate placed in a groove made in the housing sector from the shutter side, and a series of holes made on the inner cylindrical surface of the housing sector so that the bevel of the plate is in the hole zone, the side rotor seals contain a sector in the annular groove of the lid and constantly pushed to the rotor by means of pins located in the through holes of the lid, with springs fixed to the outside of the lid.

Images