RU2620964C1 - Combined ignition detection sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: sensor comprises the power supply unit with the power supply unit voltage matching transformer, the three sensors of heat, smoke and flame detection connected in parallel to the power supply unit, each sensor being provided with an output winding, the control throttle comprising a core on which the secondary windings of said sensors are placed and a control throttle winding, and the control transformer with the primary and the secondary windings and the electrical connection circuit of the power supply unit, the terminals of said sensors and the shutting-launching equipment, comprising the secondary winding of the power supply unit voltage matching transformer, the winding of the control throttle and the primary winding of the control transformer, successively and accordingly connected, while the secondary winding of the control transformer is connected to the shut-off and start-up equipment.

EFFECT: sensor provides reducing the fire extinguishing time, as it simultaneously reacts to heat, smoke and flames arising from the fire.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of fire protection and can be used as a combined sensor for detecting fires of automatic detection and fire extinguishing systems of critical facilities.

A combined ignition detection sensor is known, comprising a power supply unit with two outputs, a smoke detection sensor connected to the first one and a heat detection sensor connected to the second, each of the sensors containing a functionally connected sensing element, an amplification unit and an actuator, the signals from both actuators are fed to the input of locking and starting equipment [1]. This sensor is widely used in automatic fire extinguishing installations, due to the fact that it differs in circuit simplicity and high accuracy, but it also has drawbacks, among which the main one is the lack of response of the sensor to the action of a flame when ignited, which limits the scope of the sensor, since the fire is characterized three combustion products: heat, smoke and flame [2, 3].

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the time of detection and extinguishing a fire.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the combined ignition detection sensor containing a power supply, the outputs of which are connected to the smoke detection sensor and the heat detection sensor, each of which contains a functionally connected sensing element, an amplification unit and an actuator, a flame detection sensor is introduced connected by an input to the corresponding output of the power supply and containing a sensing element, an amplifying unit and actuating devices functionally interconnected, the actuators of all three sensors are equipped with an output winding and an electrical circuit is formed for connecting the power supply unit, the outputs of these sensors and locking and starting equipment, containing a voltage matching transformer for the power supply unit with the primary and secondary windings, a control inductor containing the winding and core on which the output windings of these sensors are located, and a control transformer with primary and secondary windings, the secondary winding of the transformer oglasovaniya voltage power supply, throttle control winding and the primary winding of the control transformer are connected in series and in accordance with, and control secondary winding of the transformer is connected to a shut-off and starting the apparatus.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of a combined sensor for detecting fires.

The sensor contains a power supply 1, with outputs 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4, a voltage matching transformer for power supply 1-5 connected to the corresponding outputs of power supply 1, smoke detection sensor 2 with output winding 2- 1, a heat detection sensor 3 with an output winding 3-1 and a flame detection sensor 4 with an output winding 4-1, a control inductor (not indicated) with a core 5 and an inductor winding 5-1, a control transformer 6 with a primary 6-1 and a secondary 6-2 windings and an electric communication circuit 7 of the power supply 1, output windings 2-1, 3-1, 4-1 sensors: detected smoke 2, heat detection 3, flame detection 4, formed by the secondary winding (not indicated) of the voltage matching transformer 1-5 of the power supply 1, winding 5-1 of the control inductor (not indicated), the primary winding 6-1 of the control transformer 6, and the output windings 2-1 of the smoke detection sensor 2, 3-1 of the heat detection sensor 3, 4-1 of the flame detection sensor 4 are located on the core 5 of the control inductor (not indicated), and the secondary winding 6-2 of the control transformer 6 is connected to the locking-starting equipment (not indicated). The use of three sensors for detecting smoke 2, heat 3 and flame 4 at the same time allows the automatic fire extinguishing installation to start the extinguishing process according to any of the three combustion products: heat, flame or smoke, which will reduce the detection time of fires and the extinguishing time, given that the response time of the sensor flame is an order of magnitude shorter than the response time of sensitive elements of heat and smoke [1 ... 3]. In the electrical communication circuit 7 of the power supply 1, outputs 2-1, 3-1, 4-1 of the sensors for detecting fires 2, 3 and 4, the principle of magnetization of the core 5 of the control inductor (not indicated) by the direct current flowing in the corresponding output windings is used. The magnetization of this core 5 leads to an increase in the magnetic permeability μ of the material, in turn, an increase in the magnetic permeability leads to a decrease in the inductance L of the inductor 5-1, a decrease in inductance at a constant frequency f leads to a decrease in the inductance x _{L of the} winding 5-1, and a decrease in the inductive resistance X _L = 2πfL leads to a decrease in the voltage drop ΔU ₁ on the winding 5-1, as a result of which the voltage U _y on the primary winding 6-1 of the control transformer 6 will be equal

In turn, ΔU ₁ can be significant in the absence of magnetization of the core 5, since when μ → 0, X _L → ∞, while in the presence of currents in the output windings 2-1, 3-1, 4-1 of the sensors 2, 3, 4, the voltage drop ΔU ₁ reaches a minimum value. This circumstance allows us to determine several values of ΔU ₁ over the entire range of change, on which the magnitude of the control voltage U _y will depend:

U _{y min} - in the absence of magnetization of the core 5;

U _{y 1} - when magnetizing by the current of the winding 2-1;

U _{y 2} - when magnetizing by the winding current 3-1;

U _{y 3} - when magnetizing by a winding current 4-1;

U _y = U _{y max} - when magnetizing by currents of windings 2-1, 3-1 and 4-1 at the same time.

Depending on the value of U _y , the response time of the locking and starting equipment will also change.

Combined sensor fire detection works as follows. In the absence of fire or fire and the power supply 1 is on, the signals of the sensors 2, 3 and 4 will be absent, since their sensitive elements (not shown) will not work. The absence of input signals in the amplification units (not shown) of smoke, heat and flame sensors does not allow them to operate, therefore, the actuators of these sensors (not shown) will be inoperative. Under these conditions, there are no currents in the output windings 2-1, 3-1, and 4-1 of these sensors and the magnetization of the core 5 of the control inductor is not carried out. In view of the one specified in accordance with formula (1), the control voltage U _y on the winding 6-1 of the control transformer 6 will be minimal and the locking and starting equipment (not specified) will not work due to the small voltage on the winding 6-2, since the voltage drop across the winding 5 -1 throttle control is maximum. During a fire, one, two or all three sensors for detecting combustion products 2, 3 or 4 are triggered and a current appears in the output windings 2-1, 3-1 or 4-1, which biases the core 5 of the control inductor, as a result of which the voltage drop decreases by the winding of the inductor 5-1, due to which the voltage in the electric communication circuit 7 on the primary winding 6-1 of the transformer 6 will increase and the voltage on the winding 6-2 will enable the locking and starting equipment, as a result of which a fire or fire is neutralized.

Thus, in the proposed sensor, a reaction is carried out to all three possible combustion products, which will provide a higher rate of neutralization of ignition, which is achieved the desired result.

Information sources

1. Crow V.A., Tikhonov V.A. Security and fire alarm technical systems. M .: Hotline-Telecom, 2012, p. 303 ... 360.

2. Veselov A.I., Meshman L.M. Automatic fire and explosion protection of chemical and petrochemical enterprises. M .: Chemistry, 1975, p. 46 ... 58.

3. Electrical equipment of aircraft. Ed. S.A. Gruzkova. M .: MPEI, 2008, p. 513 ... 540.

Claims (1)

A combined ignition detection sensor comprising a power supply, to the respective terminals of which are connected the inputs of a smoke detection sensor and a heat detection sensor, each of which contains a functionally connected sensing element, an amplification unit and an actuator, characterized in that a flame detection sensor is connected, connected to the input to the corresponding output of the power supply and containing a sensing element, an amplifying unit and an actuator, functionally connected between by itself, the actuators of all three sensors are equipped with an output winding and an electric circuit is formed for connecting the power supply unit, the outputs of the specified sensors and locking and starting equipment, containing a voltage matching transformer for the power supply unit with the primary and secondary windings, a control inductor containing the winding and core, on which output windings of said sensors and a control transformer with primary and secondary windings, the secondary winding of the voltage matching transformer of the power supply unit Nia, throttle control winding and the primary winding of the control transformer are connected in series and in accordance with, and control secondary winding of the transformer is connected to a shut-off and starting the apparatus.

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