RU2617889C1 - Water vessel undercarriage reliability increasing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: water vessel undercarriage device comprises a standard shaft with a propeller screw on it, and is provided with at least one additional shaft with a propeller on it, coaxially to the standard shaft, and with a variable and different from the standard shaft rotational speed. At least one additional plane of the rotary water craft with horizontal and vertical control is provided in the way of flow, which forced by the second auxiliary propeller. Additional plane has a surface of profile curvature similar in shape to the discharge flow outer isobar.

EFFECT: increased reliability of the water vessel undercarriage, increased total force on the propeller shaft without increasing of propulsor working places across the vessel width.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular the running gear of a watercraft, and can be used to increase the efficiency of its driving performance (vessel speed, controllability, etc.).

Known [1] is the design of the running gear of the watercraft, which consists in installing a propeller driven by an internal combustion engine at the stern of the watercraft.

The disadvantage [1] is that for a multiple increase in the tractive effort of the vessel, it is necessary to install an additional propeller along the width of its stern, which will lead to an increase in the width of the vessel.

Engineering constructions are known [2] when the impeller wheels of liquid or gas blowers are placed on the same axis in order to increase the traction force generated by the blades of the power mechanism (the occurrence of forces on the propellers occurs similar to the impeller wheels of axial fans and compressors).

The disadvantage [2] is that, despite a slight increase in traction, the location of the propellers on one shaft does not allow you to adjust the speed of one or more screws independently of the others.

The closest to the essence of the claimed invention, the prototype is a thruster [3], containing two screws mounted in a nacelle on the fairing strut in the through channel, and a drive motor, characterized in that the device is equipped with additional struts located on the fairings at the edges of the nacelle. The possibility of using two drive motors, each of which is kinematically connected with one of the screws.

The disadvantage of the prototype [3] is the increased metal structure and hydraulic friction losses associated with the use of a nacelle and strut fairings. In addition, to ensure the steering function, the proposed device must be installed with an offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel or perpendicular to it, which does not allow additional use of the tractive effort of the twin-screw circuit for rectilinear movement of the vessel. Moreover, the thruster propellers stopped after turning the ship create additional resistance to the rectilinear movement of the ship.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the chassis of a watercraft, increase the total effort on the shaft of the propeller without increasing the jobs of the propulsion device along the width of the vessel.

The goal is achieved in that the device of the running gear of the water vessel, comprising a main shaft with a propeller, is provided with at least one additional shaft with a propeller on it, coaxial with the main shaft, and with a variable and different rotation speed from the main shaft, while on the way the flow pumped by the second additional propeller, at least one additional plane of the rotary, horizontal and vertical control of the watercraft is provided, which has a surface of profile curvature according to IU close to the outer isobar discharge flow.

Bearings are provided between the surfaces of the main and additional shaft, along the ends of the main shaft - the use of o-rings placed on the additional shaft, and excess liquid pressure in the space between the shafts, determined depending on the depth of immersion of the water vessel, in turn, the cantilever end face of the additional shaft in in the flow discharge zone behind the propeller it has a hinged support in the free end of the additionally provided vertical outlet from the stern of the water vessel, on a vertical outlet The skyscraper contains the aforementioned additional plane for the rotary, horizontal and vertical control of the watercraft.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated: FIG. 1 is a diagram of the running gear of a watercraft; FIG. 2 - installation diagram of the propellers of the chassis; FIG. 3 - design characteristic of a twin-screw undercarriage, where 1 is a watercraft; 2 - the main shaft; 3 - an additional shaft; 4 - propeller of the main shaft 2; 5 - propeller of an additional shaft; 6 - vertical support release of the stern of the water vessel 1, which is the hinged support of the cantilever end of the additional shaft 3; 7 - regulatory additional surface of the rotary-vertical control of the movement of the vessel 1; 8 - bearings; 9 - seals. A - the connection zone of the shafts 2 and 3 between the screws 4 and 5 (in the context); In - the end part of the additional shaft 3 and the vertical release from the stern of the vessel 1 (in the context), n ₁ - the rotation speed of the main shaft 2; n ₂ - rotation speed of the additional shaft 3; F _(2B) - total axial force in a twin-screw circuit; F _(1B) - axial force in a single-screw design; D ₁ and D ₂ are the active diameters of the blades of the 1st and 2nd screws, respectively.

In FIG. 3, the values of the relative axial (traction) force F _(2B) / F _(1B) created by two screws, obtained in the course of numerical simulation of the fluid flow [4], are plotted on the vertical axis, depending on the operating mode characterized by the ratio of the shaft rotation frequencies n ₂ / n ₁ (horizontal axis). The calculations were performed on the basis of a real propeller [1] with the parameters: D ₁ = D ₂ = 90 mm, n ₁ = 4800 rpm, F _(1B) = 78.1 N (both comb screws had the same geometry).

The device operates as follows.

The mover of the watercraft 1 drives the main and additional shafts 2 and 3 of the propellers 4 and 5 (Fig. 1), which causes a complex movement of the fluid surrounding the device — a portable rotational one together with the screws and relative mainly along the device (Fig. 2). As a result, the total axial pulling force F _(2B) is created on the propellers, which ensures the movement of the vessel.

Moreover, changing the speed n _{2 of the} screw 5 at a constant speed n _{1 of the} screw 4 allows you to control the speed of the vessel. For example, as follows from the calculations (Fig. 3), if the rotational speed n _{1 of the} main screw 4 exceeds the rotational speed n _{2 of the} additional screw 5 (n ₂ / n ₁ = 0 ÷ 1), the total axial force F _{(2B) is} lower than axial force F _(1B) in a single-screw design (F _(2B) / F _(1B) = 0.45 ÷ 0.9). Under the condition n ₂ / n ₁ > 1.0 (the rotational speed n _{1 of the} main screw 4 is less than the rotational speed n _{2 of the} additional screw 5), the total axial force F _(2B) increases as compared with the force F _(1B) , and this increase occurs faster than the increase in speed n ₂ . This is a positive result of the goal, i.e. the vessel increases its speed or may carry a heavy load.

To ensure emergency deceleration or reverse of the vessel, it is necessary to provide the reverse direction of rotation of the additional shaft 3 of the propeller 5, that is, a negative value n ₂ / n ₁ <0 (for reverse, the additional condition n ₂ / n ₁ <-0.95 must be fulfilled). According to this technical solution, it is possible to arrange the propulsors along in cascade, and the power transmission is carried out by means of a gear transmission, and the rotation speed can be controlled by changing the gear ratio of the gear transmission or by frequency controlling the supply voltage of the electric motor (if it is used as a propulsor).

The fluid flow created by the propellers is used to carry out the steering function (regulation of the direction of the vessel in both horizontal and vertical planes due to the use of regulatory additional surfaces 7 pivotally mounted on the vertical support outlet 6 of the stern of the vessel 1. For this purpose, the regulatory surfaces 7 have curvature similar to the external isobar of the injected water flow, that is, they form a cylinder at two surfaces.

Thus, the proposed device allows to increase the reliability of the running gear of the watercraft by continuously steplessly regulating its speed (in particular, increasing the speed compared to a single-rotor circuit), providing emergency braking and reverse modes of the vessel, as well as regulating the direction of its movement in horizontal, and in vertical planes with relatively small requirements for the stern width of the watercraft.

An additional technical result when using the device mainly in submarines is that by phase shifting 180 ° of the rotation of the propellers relative to each other, the overall acoustic background of the working propellers can be reduced and the vessel can be relatively silent; in addition, with a combination of propulsors - a diesel engine and a synchronous electric motor - in the absence of electricity on the vessel, a certain speed of the vessel and the generation of a certain electric energy for operational needs on the vessel can be saved.

The examples of application of the present invention show the usefulness of its use in the navigation systems of surface and submarine vessels of civil and military purposes.

The present invention satisfies the criteria of novelty, since when determining the prior art, no device was found that has characteristics that are identical (that is, they coincide in the functions performed by them and in the form of execution of these signs) to all the signs listed in the claims, including the purpose of the application.

Used sources

1. Basin A.M., Miniovich I.Ya. The theory and calculation of propellers. - L .: Sudpromgiz, 1963 .-- 760 p.

2. Heat and power engineering. Volume 3. Thermal and nuclear power plants. Directory. Section five, pumps and gas blowers. Ed. A.V. Klimenko and V.M. Zorina. Ed. MPEI. M. 2003.

3. Bow thruster: US Pat. 2519610 Ros. Federation: IPC B63H 25/00, B63H 25/46, B64C 27/00 / Kushnir A.P., Avelchev A.E .; Applicant and patent holder FGBOU VPO Mosk. state University of Instrumentation and inform. No. 2012151554/11; declared 12/03/12; publ. 06/20/14, Bull. Number 17. - 5 sec.

4. CD-adapco STAR-CCM + software.

Claims (2)

1. The device of the running gear of the water vessel, comprising a main shaft with a propeller, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one additional shaft with a propeller on it, coaxial to the main shaft, and with a variable and different rotation speed from the main shaft, while at least one additional plane of the rotary, horizontal and vertical control of the water vessel, which has a profile curvature surface in shape, is provided for the flow path pumped by the second additional propeller close to the outer isobar discharge flow. 2. The device of the running gear of the water vessel, comprising a main shaft with a propeller, according to claim 1, characterized in that between the surfaces of the main and additional shafts there are bearings along the ends of the main shaft and o-rings placed on the additional shaft, with excess fluid pressure in the space between the shafts is determined depending on the depth of immersion of the water vessel, in turn, the cantilever end face of the additional shaft in the pressure part of the propeller has a hinged support in the free end itelno provided with vertical Production aqueous stern of the vessel on the vertical issue placed above said plane more rotary, horizontal and vertical water-craft operators.

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