RU2611799C2 - Method for qualitative determination of trotyl oil leakage in shells and mortar bombs, charged with trotyl - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention involves selection of samples of the investigated substance, by applying the filter paper strips to the released liquid by means of tweezers. When the liquid is detected on the thread of the shell spot, then the sampling is carried out by the brass scraper. The taken samples are dissolved in alcohol and (or) acetone by adding the solutions 10% KOH or 10% NH₄OH. Evaluate the obtained result according to the colour of solution: dark brown, bright red and (or) using acetone into a deep red colour. Confirms the defect of releasing trotyl oil from trotyl.

EFFECT: exclusion of military use of ammunitions, when it detects a defect in the form of trotyl oil leakage.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical analysis of organic compounds, namely its use for the qualitative determination of TNT leak, which manifests itself in the form of a viscous oily liquid on the surface of an explosive and the shell of a shell or mine.

The purpose of the invention is to conduct an express analysis during technical inspections of artillery ammunition. Visually, it is impossible to unambiguously establish whether the discovered viscous liquid is TNT oil or an accumulation of varnishes and greases used in the assembly and repair of ammunition.

Periodic technical inspections are carried out at the places of storage of artillery ammunition in order to determine their combat suitability for safety when used for their intended purpose, further storage and transportation. The order and sequence of technical inspection of artillery rounds is established by technical documentation. The presence of artillery shells and mines defect in the form of a leak of explosive is dangerous when fired.

1. For a qualitative determination of TNT oil, a sample of the test substance is taken. A sample is taken by applying strips of filter paper to the liberated liquid with tweezers [1, 2]. If the test substance is a viscous mass located on the thread of the projectile point, then the sample is taken with a brass scraper.

2. Research requires pure acetone, pure ethyl alcohol, 10% ammonia, 10% potassium hydroxide, filter paper, tweezers, four test tubes and two graduated cylinders (pipettes).

3.4. The selected sample (filter paper impregnated with the test substance) is divided into two equal parts and placed in test tubes, one of which is preliminarily poured with about 5 ml of pure alcohol, and about 5 ml of pure acetone in the other. After dissolving the sample, the alcohol and acetone solutions are divided into two equal parts and added to one part of the alcohol and acetone solution, 1 ml of 10% aqueous solution of caustic potassium (KOH), and in other parts 1 ml of 10% ammonia (aqueous ammonia solution) ) (ΝΗ ₄ ΟΗ) [3].

5. If the emitted substance in shells and mines is the product of a leak of explosive (TNT), then in all four test tubes the liquid is colored in the following colors:

- a solution of the test substance in acetone with 10% KOH - dark red;

- a solution of the test substance in acetone with 10% ΝΗ ₄ ΟΗ - dark red;

- a solution of the test substance in alcohol with 10% KOH - dark brown;

- a solution of the test substance in alcohol with 10% ΝΗ ₄ ΟΗ - bright red.

If the samples taken do not stain, then the test substance is not TNT oil, therefore, no explosive leakage will occur.

You can limit yourself to one reaction, for example, with a solution of ΝΗ ₄ OH or a solution of KOH.

The proposed method for the qualitative determination of TNT oil leaks in shells and mines equipped with TNT can easily be applied during technical inspections of ammunition in the description of this defect. The structural diagram of the work procedure is shown in Figure 1.

Literature

1. I. Guben. translation from nametsky A.Ya. Berlin, G.I. Braza, N.I. Gavrilova, Y.F. Komissarova. Methods of organic chemistry. Volume IV, Book 1 Methods of Analysis. - Moscow: Goskhimizdat, 1949 .-- 770 p.

2. Vasilieva N.V., Kupletskaya NB, Smolina T.A. Practical work in organic chemistry. Small workshop. Textbook Manual for students of ped. in-to chemical and biol. specialist. - M .: "Education", 1978. - 304 p.

3. B.D. Berezin, D.B. Berezin. Course of modern organic chemistry. Textbook for universities. - M.: Higher School, 2001 .-- 768 p.

Claims (1)

The method for the qualitative determination of TNT oil leak in TNT shells and mines is intended to confirm the defect of TNT oil release from TNT, is used during technical inspections of ammunition, eliminates the combat use of ammunition when a defect in the form of TNT oil leak is detected, characterized in that the selection Samples of the test substance are carried out by applying strips of filter paper to the liberated liquid with tweezers, and when it is found on the thread and a shell - brass scraper, followed by dissolving the sample in alcohol and (or) acetone with the addition of a solution of 10% KOH and 10% NH ₄ OH to the assessment result obtained by color staining solution in dark brown, bright red and (or) at using acetone in a deep red color.

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