RU2697932C1 - Method for protection of mobile technical objects from automatic contactless means of destruction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to countermeasures to remote automatic contactless means of destruction, particularly anti-tank and anti-helicopter mines, and is intended for protection of movable technical objects by using remote target simulators (RTS) provoking mines to act on them. Technical effect is achieved by creating imitating protected technical objects, magnetic and electromagnetic physical fields, wherein all physical fields are simulated simultaneously by modular application of devices for simulating physical fields on one platform, which is towed by carrier at a safe distance for it.EFFECT: high probability of taking a false target for a simulated object, simple control of the RTS, high probability of survival of the RTS during destruction of mines.3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for counteracting remotely automatic non-contact weapons, in particular anti-tank and anti-helicopter mines, and allows you to protect mobile technical objects through the use of remote target simulators (DITs), provoking mines to fire on them.

The most important place among the means of combating ground equipment, a special place among which is armored vehicles on a caterpillar track, is occupied by anti-tank mines (PTM). Over the past century, their damaging effect has increased, explosion and trawl resistance has increased, installation speed has increased: with the help of mechanization tools, and then with remote mining tools, and the possibility of remote control has appeared. To detect armored vehicles on the caterpillar track, the PTM, or rather its fuse, uses a lot of weight, a large mass of metal, movement, characteristic seismic, acoustic and thermal vibrations. According to the tracked location, armored vehicles on the caterpillar track are classified as anti-bottom, anti-track, anti-side and anti-roof.

Aircraft technology in combat also plays a small role. For example, helicopters can fly at low altitude, hiding in the folds of the terrain, operate at night and in bad weather, destroying armored vehicles, manpower, important enemy targets or transferring troops to the rear along with equipment. Due to the low altitude and speed of flight, secrecy, air defense systems cannot be effectively used against them. Therefore, to protect against low-flying aircraft, use anti-helicopter mines (FDA). FDA automatically detects low-flying aircraft using its acoustic and thermal vibrations and destroys it.

Thus, each of the PTM or FDA has its own tactics of application and an algorithm for finding an object, aiming and triggering. They differ in the number of sensors available (detection devices, possible object identification, aiming and triggering). The device of each of them is based on the response to a specific physical field or a combination of several fields (electromagnetic, seismic, thermal, acoustic, magnetic), which are formed by the intended object.

The development and entry into the arsenal of a potential adversary of increasingly effective means of remote automatic destruction of mobile technical objects (PTM, FDA, etc.) equipped with sensors for detection, recognition and guidance, necessitates the search for effective methods of dealing with them - the development of opposing devices. The capabilities of active and passive means of protection of the target (disguise on the ground, stele technology, radio masking, suppression of radio control channels, active cumulative protection, etc.) are not always effective.

The most effective means of mine protection of mobile technical objects include methods involving the creation of devices (false targets) that provide remote "provocation to fire" mines on them, i.e. DIC mobile technical facilities. The use of DIC reduces the likelihood of destruction of mobile technical objects and manpower during combat operations.

The initial patent search among Russian inventions did not reveal information about possible ways to create a DIC based on simulating the physical fields of mobile technical objects related to remote counteraction techniques of PTM and FDA.

All known inventions with simulated physical fields of technical objects are designed to protect airborne equipment, strategic objects, such as nuclear power plants, research and industrial reactors, nuclear fuel depots, etc., moving submarines from guided missiles with various guidance systems.

Among the means of countering mines, there are known inventions related to their clearance, in particular to methods of demining through the use of minesweeper robots, for example, a patent [1]. Such inventions relate to techniques for counteracting only contact means of destruction, and do not provide protection against means of destruction that respond to vibration, acoustic, thermal radiation, etc.

As an analogue of the proposed method for the protection of mobile technical objects, the invention is selected [2]. The method described in it for creating a combined false target formed away from the protected object is based on the sequential formation of several physical fields of the protected object. This invention relates to a technique for countering homing missiles used to protect aircraft from guided missiles with homing heads operating both in infrared (IR) and in the radio range, as well as for protecting armored vehicles, ships and other military objects from guided missiles with laser homing heads. The method is based on injecting gases into the stream, which are specially formed on the protected object or using the exhaust jet of the working engine of the protected object, a flammable liquid to spray it, igniting the resulting fuel mixture and maintaining its combustion for a predetermined time. Burning away from the protected object, the cloud creates a thermal field and will serve as a false target for guided missiles with an infrared homing head. When plasma-forming additives are introduced into the fuel mixture, which form free electrons at a combustion temperature, the burning cloud creates an electromagnetic field and will reflect the radio waves as a solid metal body. And when electrons transition from high-energy levels to lower (during combustion) electromagnetic waves with the same wavelengths that are obtained in target illuminating lasers are emitted, the cloud will serve as a false target for guided missiles with laser homing heads. Finding a false target at a fixed distance from the protected object will not allow the homing missile to select a false target from the protected object according to the difference in Doppler speeds. The method allows one device to consistently create a false target for missiles with IR, radio or laser homing heads, by sequentially forming several physical fields from one exposure (combustion).

The disadvantages of this invention are the inability to use to counter any remote PTM or FDA, its complexity, the inability to simultaneously form several physical fields of the protected object.

Among foreign inventions, the closest to the claimed method of protecting mobile technical objects is a method of creating a device for the disposal of land-based remote anti-aircraft and anti-roof mines, which is based on the false operation of mines in an unmanned vehicle [3]. This invention is selected as a prototype.

The essence of the invention is as follows: two unmanned vehicles move at a certain distance one after another in places where anti-aircraft and / or anti-roof mines are installed, on which the sources of three physical fields are located. Moreover, at least one source of infrared (IR) radiation, which creates a thermal field, is located on the first vehicle; seismic and acoustic fields are located on the second vehicle. Seismic and acoustic fields, by any known method, simulate vibrational influences and characteristic sound, respectively, as similar as possible to the protected moving equipment. The thermal field simulates the thermal heating of the engine of the protected equipment. The presence of a thermal field captures the IR sensor of the anti-aircraft or anti-roof mine, therefore, it is radiated, respectively, strictly to the side or up. Sources of radiation are electric heaters. The second vehicle activates the mine. The first vehicle is a bait for a remote mine, the mine perceives a heat source as a target and strikes it. In one embodiment of the invention, to reduce the likelihood of destruction, vehicles are protected by armor.

The disadvantages of this invention are: the simultaneous simulation of only three physical fields, which provides false alarms not all remote "earth" mines; the formation of physical fields occurs on two vehicles moving one after another, which, on the one hand, reduces the reliability of the simulation, on the other hand increases the complexity of driving; protection of vehicle armor, increases the weight of the simulator and its cost, worsens the layout of devices that simulate physical fields, transportation and maintenance of the simulator, in addition, such protection against modern mines is not very effective; the simulator is always subject to destruction; does not provide protection against FDA.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for the protection of mobile technical objects, which, having high reliability of the simulation, being universal for protection against any remote PTM and FDA, will improve the protection of mobile technical objects from damage, while, additionally, the proposed method of protection has a low cost.

The technical result of the invention is: increasing the likelihood of accepting a false target as a simulated object, ensuring the simplicity of managing the DITs, increasing the likelihood of survival of the DITs during the destruction of mines. An additional technical result is to reduce the cost of DIC.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known method, which provides for the creation of seismic, acoustic, thermal physical fields simulating protected technical objects, with the placement of physical field simulation devices on vehicles and moving them in front of the protected technical objects, they additionally create simulating protected technical objects objects, magnetic and electromagnetic physical fields, and all physical fields simulate simultaneously through modular application of troystv simulation of physical fields on a single platform that is towed vehicle at a safe distance for him.

This will increase the likelihood of accepting a false target as a simulated object and provide an effective "provocation to trigger" any remote PTM and FDA.

Significantly simplify the management of the simulator, the use of one towed platform as part of the DIC.

To protect ground mobile technical objects, the radiation of the thermal field is directed strictly to the side, disorienting the anti-roof mine. A mine, after being activated by an acoustic and / or seismic field, while in the air, will not be able to detect the target and will fall without an explosion in the vicinity of the center without causing damage to it.

To protect airborne technical objects, the platform is suspended on an adjustable lifting / lowering device, and the radiation of the thermal field is directed vertically downward.

In order to reduce the cost of DIC, to simulate thermal, magnetic, seismic, acoustic, electromagnetic fields, relatively simple and cheap components are used; the platform on which the simulation devices are located is not equipped with engines, cameras and a control system and other expensive devices, but is towed by the carrier at a distance sufficient to minimize the risk of damage to the carrier.

The method is applicable for the protection of both ground and air moving technical objects. To simulate hired technical objects, the carrier is, for example, a radio-controlled robot or moving independently along a given route, and to simulate airborne vehicles, the carrier is, for example, a helicopter, quadrocopter, UAV.

In figure 1 and figure 2 shows a diagram of the use of the DIC for simulating ground and air moving technical objects, respectively.

In figure 1 is indicated:

1 - DIC ground equipment; 5 - thermal field; 2 - carrier; 6 - magnetic field; 3 - seismic field; 7 - electromagnetic field. 4 - acoustic field;

DIC ground equipment 1 is located on the platform and is towed by the carrier 2 before the passage of the column of armored vehicles on a caterpillar track and simulates physical fields according to the scheme shown in figure 1.

Seismic field 3 imitates, characteristic of moving armored vehicles on a caterpillar track, vibration effects caused by caterpillars, the main frequencies of which correspond to the frequency of impacts of tracks of tracks of equipment on the ground. Armored vehicles have a relatively low specific pressure on the ground, so it is enough to simulate vibration effects with a stand with a weight comparable to a single truck. The selection of the main parameters of the vibration effects is carried out by evaluating the recorded signals of the seismic sensors during the movement of the armored vehicles and identifying characteristic signs in the signatures. Vibration effects can be implemented by vibration stands that provide vibration in a wide range of frequencies, or the vibration is carried out at certain frequencies, the number of which is determined by the number of simulated effects characteristic of various types of armored vehicles, and to form the most realistic effect expected by a mine, each frequency is linearly tuned in time according to the principle LFM signal.

Acoustic field 4 imitates the characteristic noise of armored vehicles on a tracked track moving at different speeds. To simulate, it is enough to cyclically reproduce the sound fragment, which is an additive signal obtained by preliminary recording the characteristic traffic noise of various armored vehicles.

The heat field 5 simulates thermal heating and exhaust gases from an engine of an operating armored vehicle. The heat field is the last link in determining the mine site of destruction. Its presence is detected by the IR sensor of the mine, it perceives the heat source as a target and strikes it. The radiation of the thermal field must be directed isotropically in the horizontal plane. Such an arrangement, on the one hand, will ensure that anti-aircraft mines are triggered by the simulator, and, on the other hand, disorientes the anti-roof mine, and if it does not find an object of destruction, it will fall to the ground, which will save the simulator for future use. The methods of thermal heating used in the DIC, for example, may be as follows:

- IR illumination using an IR projector, emitting an IR field isotropically in the horizontal plane in the widest possible range of wavelengths;

- the use of a film IR heating system, the use of shields with high-power IR field generators, which allow simulating a certain area of the thermal field;

- the use of an IR heater that creates a heat field using a gas burner, electric heater or diesel heaters (which are most preferable, since they do not expand the range of fuel for equipment), generating a heat flux comparable to the real flow coming from real technology.

The magnetic field 6 simulates a change in the magnetic field during the movement of armored vehicles on a caterpillar track. To simulate a magnetic field, a constant magnetic field is created, for example by an electromagnetic coil, which will change as the simulator approaches the PTM. At this change in the magnetic field, the PTM is triggered. To increase the likelihood of remote triggering of the PTM, the generation of a constant magnetic field must be combined with the generation of a slowly varying (with a frequency of the order of a few Hz) magnetic field.

The electromagnetic field 7 simulates the effective scattering area (EPR) of armored vehicles on a caterpillar track. To simulate the electromagnetic field around the perimeter of the DIC are installed, for example, corner reflectors or scattering lenses.

Carrier 2, in the case of simulating ground-based mobile technical objects, is a relatively simple, cheap remotely or autonomously controlled mobile platform with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement, with a track and clearance corresponding to the parameters of the simulated equipment, and is designed to tow the simulator. Since the DIC has a high probability of destruction, its design provides maximum storage compactness to ensure mobilization stock in the convoy of armored vehicles.

In figure 2 is indicated:

2 - carrier; 4 - acoustic field; 8 - DIC of aviation equipment; 5 - thermal field; 9 - device for lifting / lowering; 7 - electromagnetic field.

DIC of aviation equipment 8 is located on a platform suspended from the carrier 2, and towed by it above the terrain before takeoff or landing of aircraft or landing, at a safe distance from the carrier, which is regulated by the lifting / lowering device 9, and simulates physical fields according to the diagram shown in figure 2.

Acoustic field 4 imitates the characteristic noise of aircraft: during take-off, landing, hovering of helicopter equipment or during take-off, landing, and flight of aircraft over the installation site of the FDA. During the movement of helicopter equipment there is a slow sawtooth amplitude modulation of the acoustic field power (takeoff, landing), and during the movement of aircraft there is both a fast amplitude modulation of power (takeoff, landing) and a change in the Doppler component of the acoustic field power (span). Therefore, to simulate, pre-recorded characteristic acoustic noise of a particular aircraft during takeoff, landing, span, etc. When simulating, the variant use of recorded acoustic fields is provided depending on the helicopter or aircraft equipment and the tasks assigned to them.

The thermal field 5 simulates the thermal heating of the engine of a moving aircraft. The presence of a thermal field, as for armored vehicles, detects an IR sensor. Therefore, the methods of thermal heating used in the DIC of aviation equipment are the same as for the DIC of armored vehicles, but it is necessary to take into account the minimization of weight and size characteristics that is characteristic of any devices used in aviation and the radiation direction is vertically downward.

The electromagnetic field 7 simulates the EPR of aircraft. To simulate the electromagnetic field, unlike the DIC of armored vehicles, corner reflectors or scattering lenses are located in the lower part of the simulator, because in this case, the direction of the mine is known.

Carrier 2, in the case of imitation of airborne technical objects, is a carrier of a helicopter type, UAV, etc.

Since the DIC has a high probability of destruction, in order to minimize damage to the carrier, the lifting / lowering device 9 is designed to place it at a safe distance in the lower part of the carrier.

To ensure a successful “provocation to operate” of any types of PTM or FDA, the simulation of all the listed physical fields should be parallel and on the same towed platform. The mine analyzes the simulated fields in accordance with its sensors and operation algorithms, which eliminates the a priori ambiguity of the brand of the installed mine and increases the likelihood of its successful application by DITS.

Thus, the DIC is a relatively simple and cheap device, which is proposed to be used as a neutralizing means of engineering weapons, provoking remotely automatic non-contact enemy combat weapons (mines and other relevant ammunition), designed to destroy mobile technical objects (land and aviation, in t. including robotic), for combat use on false objects.

The use of DIC for armored vehicles on a caterpillar track will make it possible to ensure its safety and the safety of personnel at a distance of up to 50-70 meters when moving in areas of the intended use of PTM. So, for example, the speed of passage of a column of such armored vehicles in the presence of uncertainty about the presence of minefields can be increased to 20-30 km / h, which is currently an unattainable result. The use of DIC for aviation technology will make it possible to verify the presence of FDA from a height of 100-150 meters, in places convenient for landing at safe altitudes, as well as to carry out anti-sabotage monitoring of the space on the take-off and landing paths near airfields, immediately before the start of flights. As a result of using the DIC, the likelihood of defeating mobile technical objects and manpower during combat operations will be reduced.

References:

1. Patent No. 2298761 "Method of mine clearance", publ.: 05/10/2007, authors: Kudryavtsev I.A., Korneev M.A., Efremov V.N., Drozdov N.A.

2. Patent No. 2108678 “Method for creating a combined false target”, publ.: 04/10/1998, authors: Antonov O.E., Antonov M.O., Samoilov V.P.

3. Patent No.JP4757033B2 “Off-route mine processing equipment)), grant: 08.24.2011, author: Okamoto Shinya. (Patent No. JP4757033B2 "Device for the disposal of anti-aircraft and antiturn mines", published: 08/24/2011, author: Okamoto Shinya.)

Claims (3)

1. A method of protecting mobile technical objects from automatic non-contact means of destruction, which provides for the creation of seismic, acoustic, thermal physical fields simulating protected technical objects, placing devices simulating physical fields on vehicles and moving them in front of protected technical objects, characterized in that they additionally create imitating protected technical objects, magnetic and electromagnetic physical fields, and all physical fields simulate simultaneously Menno through modular application of physical fields simulation devices on a single platform that is towed vehicle at a safe distance for him. 2. A method for protecting mobile technical objects according to claim 1, characterized in that for protecting the ground technical objects, the radiation of the thermal field is directed isotropically in the horizontal plane. 3. A method of protecting mobile technical objects according to claim 1, characterized in that for protecting the air technical objects, the platform is suspended on an adjustable lifting / lowering device, and the radiation of the thermal field is directed vertically downward.

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