RU2669331C2 - Float wave power plant (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric power engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of electricity by converting wave energy without adversely affecting the environment. Float wave power station is proposed that contains a streamlined, sealed float of elongated shape, an electric generator, the rotor of which is connected to the axis of the two drums, one of which is wound with a cable thrown through a block mounted on the aft part of the float and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical pendulum, and a cable is wound on the other drum, thrown through a block installed on the bow of the float, the direction of winding the cables onto the drums is the opposite, at the end of the cable, thrown through the unit mounted on the bow of the float, with the help of the sling is attached at least one horizontally located plate with a counterweight, and on the float in the bow and stern are mounted dampers, through which pass the cables attached to the pendulum and to a horizontally located plate with a counterweight, and on each cable below the dampers are fixed stops. Variants of a wave power plant with pairs of shells concave in different directions, instead of plates and other connection of shells with a float in the nose part are also proposed.EFFECT: invention will allow the float wave power station to generate electricity in the open sea at any depth of the reservoir without the anchor installed on the bottom.4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

Float wave power plant (options).

The invention relates to the production of electricity by converting wave energy without negative impact on the environment.

An analogue is, for example, a float wave power plant (RF patent No. 2513070, published on 04/20/2014). The installation contains a streamlined sealed float, a pendulum attached to one end of the cable, which is thrown through the block, and an anchor is attached to the second end of the cable. The rotor of the generator with permanent magnets is attached to the axis of the block, and the stator of the generator is fixed to the float.

Closest to the proposed float wave power plant, the float wave power station (options) (patent No. 2567916, published 10.11.2015). The float wave power plant contains a streamlined, sealed float mounted on a float electric generator, the rotor of which is connected to the axis of two drums. A cable is wound on one of the drums, thrown through a block attached to the bow of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to the anchor. A cable is wound on another drum, thrown through a block fixed on the aft part of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical pendulum. In this case, the direction of winding on the drums of the cable attached to the anchor, and the cable attached to the pendulum, the opposite. In the prototype, a multiplier can be installed between the rotor of the generator and the axis of the drums. In addition, in the prototype, a stand can be installed on the bow of the float, on which fixed pulley blocks are fixed, one end of the anchor chain is attached to the hook clip of the movable pulley blocks, and the second end of the chain is attached to the anchor. One end of the cable thrown through the fixed and movable pulley blocks is attached to the rack, and the second end of this cable is wound on one of two drums whose shafts are connected to the rotor of the electric generator. A cable attached to a pendulum is wound around a second drum. In this case, the direction of winding onto the drums of the tackle cable and the cable attached to the pendulum is the opposite.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inoperability of the float wave power plant in the open sea with great depths, since the prototype requires an anchor installed at the bottom of the reservoir, and installing the anchor at the bottom of the reservoir at great depths of the sea is almost impossible, since the cable or anchor chain has a large dead weight, under whose action may end.

The present invention will allow the float wave power plant to generate electricity in the open sea at any depths of the reservoir, while the power plant does not need an anchor installed to the bottom.

This is achieved by the fact that in a float wave power plant containing a streamlined sealed float, an electric generator whose rotor is connected to the axis of two drums, one of which is wound with a cable thrown through a block installed on the aft part of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical the pendulum, and on another drum a cable is wound, thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, while the direction of winding the cables on the drums is opposite, at the end of the cable thrown through approx mounted on the nose portion of the float is attached a horizontally placed plate with a counterweight and on the float at the bow and stern of the dampers are fixed, through which the cables attached to the pendulum and to a horizontal plate, and each rope damper secured below the stops.

To simplify technological operations, the area of the plate attached to the cable should be reduced; for this, two or more horizontally arranged plates, shifted in the vertical direction and connected by rods, should be attached to the cable, while the counterweight should be attached to the bottom plate.

The power of the float wave power plant will increase if, instead of flat plates, one or more pairs of shells connected together, concave in different directions, are attached to the end of the cable, while the counterweight must be attached to the lower shell.

The mass and dimensions of the pendulum and the electric generator at the same power of the power plant will decrease if you install a rack with fixed pulley blocks on the bow of the float, and fasten the movable blocks to the hook holder, and transfer the cable attached to the pulley block through the movable and fixed blocks of the chain hoist, attach one end of the chain passing through the damper mounted on the bow of the float to the hook hook of the chain hoist, and attach the other end of the chain to the horizontal plate with counterweight, and secure the stop below the damper.

In FIG. 1, 2 and 3 show a diagram of the proposed float wave power plant and the position of the float power plant on a calm surface of the water. In FIG. 4 - operation of the float wave power plant when lifting the float to the crest of the wave. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the operation of a float wave power plant during the descent of a float from a wave crest. In FIG. 6 shows a float wave power station with a multiplier. In FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a float wave power plant with two submersible plates as a “floating anchor”, with a chain hoist mounted on the deck. In FIG. 8 shows a float wave power plant with submersible shells. In FIG. 9 shows a float wave power station with a tackle mounted on deck.

In FIG. 1 shows a view of a float wave power station from the bow; FIG. 2 is a section between the float bodies along line AA, and in FIG. 3 top view. Depicted in FIG. 1, 2 and 3, the float wave power station has a double-shell sealed float 1, divided by watertight bulkheads into compartments. Each body of the float 1 has a keel 2. The bodies of the float 1 are connected by a common deck 3. A sail 4 is fixed on each aft of the float in the aft part. Block 5 is installed on the aft of the float wave power station on deck 3, through which a cable 6 is thrown (a rope or chain). One end of the cable 6 is attached to a pendulum 7 immersed in water, and the other end of the cable 6 is wound on the drum 8. On the same axis as the drum 8 is a drum 9, on which the end of the cable (rope or chain) 10 is wound, while the direction of winding the cable 10 onto the drum 9 opposite the direction of winding the cable 6 onto the drum 8. The cable 10 is thrown through a block 11 mounted on deck 3 in the bow, and a horizontally located plate 13 is attached to the end of the cable 10 on the slings 12. In the center, a counterweight 14 is attached to the plate 13 which holds plate 13 in th in a horizontal position. A damper 15 is attached to the deck 3 in the aft part, which is made, for example, in the form of a flat spring. You can also make a damper in the form of a steel coil spring or rubberized torus. The cable 6 passes through the eye in the damper 15. A thrust disk 16 is fixed on the cable 6, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the eye in the damper 15. A damper 17 is attached to the deck 3 through the eye. The cable 10 passes through the eye in the damper 17. a disk 18, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the eye in the damper 17. A shaft of an electric generator 19 is connected to the common shaft of the drums 8 and 9.

Float wave power plant operates as follows. The weight of the pendulum 7 must exceed the weight of the plate 13 with the counterweight 14. The plate 13 should be light, for example, made of a dense fabric stretched over the frame, or of a thin sheet of steel. The pendulum 7 with its weight creates the tension force of the cable 6, reeling the cable 6 from the drum 8. At the same time, the drum 9, rotating together with the drum 8, winds the cable 10 and raises the plate 13 with counterweight 14. In the initial state, in the absence of a wave, lowering the pendulum 7 and raising the plate 13 with the counterweight 14 continues until the thrust disk 18, mounted on the cable 10, abuts against the damper 17. The damper 17 must be rigid enough to stop the plate 13 from rising, and soft to damp the possible impacts of the thrust disk 18 about damper 17 when working e on the wave. The position of the elements of the power plant in the absence of waves does not change and electricity is not generated.

When the wave approaches, the bow of the float 1, under the action of the Archimedes force, emerges on the crest of the wave (Fig. 4). The hydraulic resistance acting on the plate 13 when moving the plate 13 in the vertical direction, and the attached mass of water does not allow the plate 13 to move upward together with the housing 1. Due to the force of the hydraulic resistance acting on the plate 13, the length of the cable portion 10 from the plate 13 to the block 11 increases, the cable 10 is wound from the drum 9, rotating the drums 9, 8 and the rotor of the generator 19. In this case, the cable 6 is wound on the drum 8, raising the pendulum 7. When the rotor rotates, the electric generator 19 converts the mechanical energy energy to electric energy, which can be removed from the stator winding of the generator 19.

When lowering the float 1 from the crest of the wave (Fig. 5), the bow of the float 1 is lowered. Plate 13, due to the forces of hydraulic resistance acting on it, lowers more slowly than the bow of the float 1 and the tension of the cable 10 decreases. Under the influence of gravity, the pendulum 7 lowers and the cable 6 winds off the drum 8, rotating the drum 8. Together with the drum 8, the drum 9 and the rotor of the generator 19 rotate. The drum 9 winds the weakened cable 10, and the generator 19 converts the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor into electrical energy.

As can be seen from the description of the proposed float wave power plant, unlike the prototype, the anchor is not needed for the operation of the power plant. The plate 13 with the counterweight 14 during oscillation on the waves of the housing 1 in the vertical direction remains approximately in the same position and serves as a “floating anchor”. Thus, the proposed float wave power plant is able to operate in the open sea with great depths.

As in the prototype, to increase the speed of the electric generator 19 and reduce the mass and dimensions of the generator between the axis of the drums 8 and 9 and the rotor of the generator 19, you can install the multiplier 20 (Fig. 6).

The power of the float wave power plant depends on the hydraulic resistance force acting on the plate 13 and the cable 10 when the float 1 vibrates on the waves, and for the operation of the wave float power plant of high power, a large plate 13 is required, which will have a large hydraulic resistance force during vertical movement. A large-area plate will create technological difficulties when it is raised to the deck of a power plant and transported. To reduce the area of the plate 13, it is possible to attach an additional one or more plates displaced relative to each other in the vertical direction. In FIG. 7, an additional plate 22 is attached to the plate 13 using the rods 21. In this case, the counterweight 14, providing the horizontal position of the plates 13 and 22, must be attached to the lower plate 22. When the float 1 oscillates and the plates 13 and 22 move vertically, the hydraulic resistance forces acting on the plates 13 and 22 are summed, therefore, to obtain the same hydraulic resistance, the area of each of the plates 13 and 22 in Fig. 7 can be reduced in comparison with the area of one plate 13 in Fig. 1-3.

The power of the float wave power plant can be increased by increasing the hydraulic resistance force acting on the plates 13 and 22 and applied to the cable 10. For this, each of the plates 13 and 22 can be replaced with two shells 23, 24, instead of the plate 13, and the shell 25, 26 instead of the plate 22, concave in different directions and connected together by rods 21 (Fig. 8). The concave shape of the shells 23, 24, 25 and 26 will increase the hydraulic resistance acting on the shells 23-26 when the float 1 oscillates on the waves and applied to the cable 10. An increase in the force applied to the cable 10 increases the mechanical energy that the electric generator 19 converts into electric, which means that the power of the float wave power plant increases.

The mass and dimensions of the pendulum 7, as well as the generator 19 at the same power of the float wave power station, can be reduced by using a pulley (Fig. 9), which consists of a rack 27 installed in the bow of the float 1 with fixed blocks 28 and hook grip 29 with movable blocks 30. The cable 10, wound on the drum 9, passes through the fixed blocks 28 and the movable blocks 30 and is attached to the rack 27. The hook grip 29 is attached to the chain 31, to the end of which the slings are connected 12. When the float 1 oscillates on the wave of the shell 23- 26 holding tsya forces hydraulic resistance at about the same depth. The distance from the strut 27 to the hook grip 29 varies, which causes the cable 10 to shift on blocks 28 and 29. Since in FIG. 7 a high-speed pulley block with a gear ratio of 4 is used, the displacement of the cable 10 will be 4 times greater than the displacement of the hook grip 29 relative to the rack 21. An increase in the displacement of the cable 10 will increase the speed of the drums 8 and 9 with the rotor of the electric generator 19, and consequently the weight and the dimensions of the generator 19. In addition, with an increase in the displacement of the cable 10, the displacement of the cable 6 and the amplitude of movement of the pendulum 7 will increase, which means that the weight of the pendulum 7 can be reduced for the float wave power station.

The proposed float wave power plant can be used to generate electricity in the open sea during the drift of the power plant, where the depths do not allow the use of the power plant installation at anchor. The electricity generated at the power plant can be used, for example, to operate a desalination plant and store fresh water in the holds of the float, or to electrolyze water and produce hydrogen and oxygen, which can also be accumulated in the interior of the float.

Claims (4)

1. A float wave power plant containing an elongated streamlined hermetic float, an electric generator whose rotor is connected to the axis of two drums, one of which is wound with a cable thrown through a block mounted on the aft part of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical pendulum, and on another drum a cable is wound, thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, while the direction of winding the cables on the drums is the opposite, a multiplier, characterized in that at the end e a cable thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, slings are attached to a horizontally mounted plate with a counterweight, and dampers are fixed to the float in the bow and aft parts, through which cables are attached to the pendulum and to a horizontal plate with a counterweight, and on each cable below the dampers fixed stops. 2. The float wave power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the cable thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, two or more horizontally arranged plates are attached with slings, shifted in the vertical direction and connected by rods, while the counterweight attached to the bottom plate. 3. A float wave power plant containing an elongated streamlined hermetic float, an electric generator whose rotor is connected to the axis of two drums, one of which is wound with a cable thrown through a block mounted on the aft part of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical pendulum, and on another drum a cable is wound, thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, while the direction of winding the cables on the drums is the opposite, a multiplier, characterized in that at the end e of the cable thrown through a block mounted on the bow of the float, using slings attached are one or more pairs of shells concave in different directions, while the counterweight is attached to the lower shell, and dampers are fixed on the float in the bow and stern which pass the cables attached to the pendulum and shells, and on each cable below the dampers fixed stops. 4. A float wave power plant containing an elongated streamlined hermetic float, an electric generator whose rotor is connected to the axis of two drums, the first of which is wound with a cable thrown through a block mounted on the aft part of the float, and the end of this cable is attached to a vertical pendulum, characterized in that a stand is installed on the bow of the float, fixed pulley blocks are mounted on the rack, and the movable pulley blocks are fixed to the hook clip, and through the movable and fixed tackle blocks are thrown by a cable, one end of which is attached to the tackle stand and the other is wound on the second drum, the direction of winding the cables on the drums is opposite, and the end of the chain is attached to the hook hook of the tackle pulley, to the other end of which are horizontally attached with slings one or more pairs of shells, concave in different directions, while a counterweight is attached to the lower shell, and dampers are fixed on the float in the bow and stern parts, through which a cable attached to ayatniku, and the chain attached to the hook block gaku pulley block, and on the rope and chain stoppers mounted below the damper.

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