RU2577196C1 - Method of transmitting information messages in microprocessor control and diagnostic systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to control systems and diagnostics. In method information messages in onboard control and diagnostic systems for rolling stock using a CAN-interface are transmitted continuously and simultaneously by three or two communication lines with three messages in each line via a central computer unit. Central computer unit calculates values of each of three messages transmitted in digital code first, second and third channels or first and second channels individually for each controlled parameter of control and diagnostics. Central computer unit compares calculated values of each of information messages transmitted by three or two communication lines, defines two parameters of first and second command message and two parameters of second and third message, and then calculates average value of closest parameters in two or more messages, which in smaller degree differ from each other, determines its as reliable and transmits to actuating systems.

EFFECT: technical result is improved reliability and accuracy of transmitting information messages.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to control systems and diagnostics of the main and shunting rolling stock: electric locomotives, diesel locomotives, gas turbines; motor-car rolling stock: electric trains, diesel trains; and can be used in various microprocessor systems, where the requirements for increased reliability and reliability of information messages are established.

There is a method of transmitting information messages by duplicating information transmission with the simultaneous operation of two sets of communication line equipment used in the automatic control system for braking trains SAUT-C and SAUT-TSM (RU 2283786) and automatic control system for the movement of a passenger electric locomotive USAVP (RU 2273567).

The foreign analogue is the European train control and safety system ERTMS / ETCS (E. Voyanovsky. Tests of new train control systems under the ERTMS project, World Railways, No. 12, 1998), based on a continuous exchange of information between floor and locomotive devices, the use of an on-board computer and intelligent sensors that allow you to determine the location of the train with high accuracy. The system consists of three control levels, which allow implementing operational modes depending on the degree of equipment of the lines with outdoor equipment and provides: regulation of the speed of the train depending on the data transmitted from the path to the locomotive, formed on the basis of code signal readings; traffic safety of trains without using floor signals, while maintaining the separation of the line into block sections, determining the location of trains and monitoring their completeness; management and safety of train traffic without the use of floor signals with moving block sections (the location of the train and the control of its completeness are carried out by the on-board locomotive facilities).

The main features of the ERTMS / ETCS system are: redundancy of hardware, a large number (at each traffic light) of outdoor transceivers and measuring devices to ensure reliable two-way exchange of digital information between them and locomotives; the complex infrastructure of the railway, consisting in the need to build blocking centers on the basis of radio communications to regulate the intervals of train follow-ups using radio-controlled stationary and mobile block sections; the complexity of the functional circuits, which consists in using a special transmission module to ensure the compatibility of the point and continuous ALS.

These features determine the incompatibility of the ERTMS / ETCS system with the existing infrastructure of Russian railways, the adaptation of which will be very costly and, therefore, the practical impossibility of using this system in Russian Railways.

A known method of transmitting information messages in a three-channel device for controlling Executive relay units (RU 2292113), which relates to control devices, including microprocessor, railway automation and telemechanics systems. Reliability of data transmission is ensured by the use of triple duplication. To this end, a device containing three sources of pulse signals of the IMS, three power supply units of the PSU, three blocks of sources of control signals of the ISU, three output keys of the VK, three control devices of the output key of the UKVK, the block of executive relays of the BIR, three additional modules for collecting information of the MCI, three PR processor blocks, three PAM memory blocks and, accordingly, three channels for transmitting information messages in a digital code, each of which has its own power supply in the form of a module for safe monitoring and shutdown of MBCOs, which includes Horn includes devices for controlling the voltage of the output stages of the VK and operational shutdown of the ASC. Blocks ISS, VK, UKVK, and their mutual connections are combined into a module of output amplifiers of the MVU, designed to issue control signals through the VK block to BIR actuating relays and control signals via IMS in MBCO. The ISU block, the PR block, the PAM block and their mutual connections are combined into the MK controller module, designed to monitor the status of the BIR executive relays, VK output keys and outdoor equipment. The inputs and outputs of the device modules for controlling the executive relay blocks are connected by information message transmission channels, the connectors of which are connected in a certain order, providing triple duplication of the system.

The closest analogue adopted as a prototype is a method of transmitting information messages in the on-board information and control complex of a high-speed train (RU 2238208), related to control systems used to control high-speed trains with traffic safety.

The prototype presents the following structure for solving the problem of controlling the movement of a high-speed train using duplication of processing and data transfer between four information management systems. The first interface adapter provides information exchange via serial channels RS-232, RS-485 CAN-Bus. The second adapter of the main channels provides information exchange on the main channels [GOST 26765.52-87 (MIL-STD - 1553В Notice I and II)]. The system interface bus is made according to the VMEbus ANSI / IEEE 1014-1987 standard (IES 821 and 297) and serves for information exchange between the on-board computer, the first long-term storage device, the serial interface adapter, the adapter of the main channels of information exchange, input-output control units system health.

The prototype uses triple duplication of the main channels of information exchange of the main signals related to ensuring the safety of high-speed train modes (satellite navigation system, ALS-EN, etc.), and also contains long-term storage devices for train parameters and diagnostic systems.

During the operation of the onboard information-control complex, data from three information-control systems (two head carriage systems and one tail carriage system) are used. In this case, the majority mode is used. If the data received from two of the three information management systems coincide, then they are considered reliable. If the data received from the third information management system differs by a value greater than the set threshold or does not match, then they are ignored, and information about this is recorded in a long-term storage device. If the number of failures recorded for a certain time exceeds the set threshold, then the failure of the information management system is recorded. A corresponding message is issued to this system, it is disconnected and replaced by a fourth information management system located in the hot reserve. In case of failure of two information management systems, further work is performed in truncated mode. In this case, of the two remaining workable systems, the leader is assigned the one with the least number of failures recorded in the card.

The system allows for pre-trip and on-line diagnostics and testing of on-board systems and devices with fixing the results in a long-term storage device, as well as displaying the control and display panels in the driver's cab.

The disadvantage of the prototype, as well as analogues, is the lack of reliability and reliability of the transmission of information messages in systems with redundancy of equipment and information exchange channels, limited build-up of functionality, lack of versatility for use on traction and shunting rolling stock, the uncertainty of fault tolerance, the complexity of maintenance, repair and operational data input about the modes of conducting the train.

The task is to increase the reliability and reliability of the transmission of information messages.

The technical result is achieved by the method of transmitting information messages in microprocessor control and diagnostic systems, which consists in the fact that information messages in the on-board control and diagnostic systems of rolling stock using the CAN interface are transmitted continuously and simultaneously on three or two communication lines with three messages in each line through the block of the central computer BCV. The BCV calculates the values of each of the three messages transmitted in digital code by the first, second and third channels or the first and second channels (depending on the reliability requirements for transmitting information messages) individually for each controlled parameter of the control and diagnostic system. The BCV compares the calculated values of each of the information messages transmitted over three or two communication lines, determines two parameters from the commands of the first and second messages and two parameters from the second and third messages, and then calculates the average value of the closest parameters in two or more messages, which to a lesser extent differ from each other, defines it as reliable and transfers it to executive systems. At the same time, in each communication line, complete cycles of exchange with all devices of the system for each of the channels are alternately carried out.

The difference and advantages of the invention are that the reliability of a universal data transmission system is increased using the CAN interface between the on-board control and diagnostic systems by continuously transmitting information messages and simultaneously through three or two communication lines with three messages in each through a central computer unit in accordance with the algorithm implemented by the software.

The method is illustrated by the example of the transmission of information messages in a microprocessor-based control and diagnostic system of rolling stock MPSUID and presented by the organization of information exchange.

The components of the MPPSUiD are located in each section of the traction rolling stock, in each car of a motor-car rolling stock (electric train, diesel train), their composition depends on the type, series of traction rolling and motor-car rolling stock, as well as the type of car, they provide work and interaction of equipment inside and between sections of electric locomotives, diesel locomotives and wagons of motor-car rolling stock along communication lines.

MPSUiD includes subsystems with software:

- locomotive control (ISUL-A);

- analog measurements (SI subsystem);

- auto science (subsystem A);

- diagnostics (subsystem D).

MPSUiD provides:

- automated control of the operation of the equipment in the traction and braking modes "Manual regulation" and "Auto-regulation" taking into account the profile of the path, the permitted speed, the indications of traffic lights, signals received from the sensors of the devices;

- monitoring the condition of equipment, units and apparatuses;

- diagnostics of equipment, units and apparatuses.

In the "Manual regulation" mode, control is carried out according to the commands received from the driver through the devices from the unified control panel PU-EL. The “Auto-regulation” mode is provided by the automated microprocessor control system of the MSUL-A locomotive upon receipt of the appropriate command from the unified control panel of the PU-EL electric locomotive.

MSUL-A allows, by changing the number of blocks, to use its functions on various types of traction and motor-car rolling stock and provides:

- acceleration to a given speed with the possibility of subsequent automatic maintenance of speed in the ranges determined by the traction characteristics of the rolling stock;

- smooth change in traction and braking in automatic control;

- electrical braking to a given speed with the possibility of subsequent automatic maintenance of speed (on descents), determined by the braking characteristics of the rolling stock;

- protection against slipping and skidding;

- regulation of the fan speed depending on the flowing currents in the circuits of traction motors;

- limitation of the excitation current in the anchors of traction motors;

- control of the ongoing processes when controlling an electric locomotive with the display of results on a PU-EL monitor and the issuance of voice information;

- recording in non-volatile memory the parameters of functioning for the subsequent automated decoding of the driver’s actions in control, the state of the equipment and MPSUiD.

Devices that are part of the MPSUiD system and interacting with it, as well as the principles of organizing the exchange of information between them, are presented in the figure, where:

- BSP (+ remote control); - communication unit with the remote control;

- BUK - contactor control unit;

- BVS - block of input signals;

- BCV - central calculator unit;

- IP-LE - power supply unit;

- BS-SI - communication unit with measuring instruments;

- BS-DD - communication unit with compressed air pressure sensors;

- BS-PS - communication unit with track control sensors;

- BZS-DPS - communication unit with anti-skid system;

- PU-EL - control panel;

- Monitor - a color monitor on a unified control panel PU-EL to display information to the driver.

Information exchange channels in the MPSUiD system.

For communication of systems of the 2nd and 3rd levels, the CAN 2.0 interface is used. The exchange uses macro commands to access the control of equipment and individual elements (for example, contactors and auto-control elements).

To ensure the reliability level of communication established by the technical conditions (not more than 6 cases of failure per 1 million kilometers), the following interfaces are used in MPSUiD:

- in the subsystems SI, PSN, PBZ-RS485;

- in the subsystem SVL TP - CAN2.0;

- in subsystems A and D - there is no internal interface.

For communication in the system of the 2nd level and the exchange of information with subsystems of the 1st level, the dual (with redundancy) RS485 interface is used. In each communication line there is information from the three channels of ISUL-A. Each subsystem is connected to the interface by no more than one transceiver for each line.

MSUL-A provides reception of information from subsystems of the 3rd level, controls, subsystems of SI and PBZ, control circuits of an electric locomotive, selects the control action on the devices and the auto-regulation subsystem.

In the process, MSUL-A performs self-diagnostics of directly connected circuits, blocks and devices, and also records data on the functioning of the second-level system into non-volatile memory.

The required set of input discrete and analog signals is determined by the type and series of rolling stock within the functions of the ISUL-A.

The MPSUiD system (with the subsystem MSUL-A) differs from other automatic control systems in that the data exchange in the MSUL-A system is carried out continuously and simultaneously over two communication lines.

The most critical units — the central calculator unit BTsV and the communication unit with the BSP control panel — are three-channel and exchange digital information in accordance with the algorithm implemented by the software via two communication lines with three messages for each of the three channels. The rest - the control unit for contactors BUK, the block of input signals of the BVS and other blocks of the subsystem MSUL-A - two-channel. Two-channel units have each of the channels connected to their ISUL-A communication line and respond on this line to requests from any of the three channels of the BCV central calculator unit. Other, single-channel units are connected to the same ISUL-A communication line and also respond to requests from any of the three BCV channels.

For the practical implementation of the method in microprocessor control and diagnostic systems of MPSUiD, including subsystems for controlling the locomotive MSUL-A, analogue SI measurements, automatic A and diagnostics D with software, a standard CAN interface is used through which information messages are continuously transmitted simultaneously in three or two communication lines with three messages in each line through the block of the central computer BCV.

The central BCV calculator unit calculates the value of each of the three messages transmitted in a digital code by the first, second, third channels or the first and second channels (depending on the reliability requirements for transmitting information messages), individually for each controlled parameter of the control and diagnostic system. The BCV compares the calculated values of each of the information messages transmitted over three or two communication lines, determines two parameters from the commands of the 1st and 2nd messages and two parameters from the 2nd and 3rd messages. After that, it calculates the average value, the closest parameters in two or more messages, which are less different from each other, defines it as reliable and transfers it to the executive systems.

If two pairs of the three sets of data messages have the same value, for example, for the numbers X, Y, Z, these are two pairs (X, Y) and (Y, Z), then Y is taken as a reliable parameter value.

In each of three or two message transmission lines, complete cycles of data exchange with all devices of the system on each channel are alternately carried out.

Processing of commands is performed by comparing the last commands received from active channels, and then calculating, comparing and selecting reliable parameter values.

A channel is considered inactive if, during the processing of messages, it did not receive an information message provided by the software, or a delay of a specified time of more than 500 ms from the moment it was received. In calculations, such a channel is excluded from the system of calculations and comparison of information message values.

If false information is determined, further actions of the control and diagnostic system are regulated by the software algorithm, individually for each unit and parameter, and a failure is recorded with registration in non-volatile memory.

The value of the analog parameters in the presence of two active channels is calculated as the arithmetic average, which is taken as a reliable parameter value. If there is one active channel, processing is not performed and the absence of reliable information on all the accepted parameters is recorded.

The application of the proposed method will provide standardized values of reliability indicators and will improve the safety and efficiency of rail transportation due to the versatility of the information exchange system in microprocessor control systems and diagnostics of rolling stock, as well as the ability to increase functionality.

Claims (1)

The method of transmitting information messages in microprocessor control and diagnostic systems, which consists in the fact that information messages in on-board control and diagnostic systems of rolling stock using the CAN interface are transmitted continuously and simultaneously on three or two communication lines with three messages in each line through the central calculator unit BCV, which calculates the value of each of the three messages transmitted in a digital code by the first, second and third channels or the first and second channels, individually for each controlled parameter of the control and diagnostic system, after which it compares the calculated values of each of the information messages transmitted via three or two communication lines, determines two parameters from the commands of the first and second messages and two parameters from the second and third messages, and then calculates the average value of the closest parameters, in two or more messages that are less different from each other, defines it as reliable and transfers it to the executive STEM, with each link in turn carried out a full cycle of exchange with all the devices of the system for each of the channels.

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