RU2574837C2 - Logic control system (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; control.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automatic devices, specifically to digital equipment of systems for monitoring and controlling technological processes. The logic control system comprises an input module, a logic module, a diagnosis module, an output module, an optical communication module, connected to each other by LVDS links. The logic control system comprises optical links. The logic control system is based on a chassis in two configurations: simple - one logic module and one diagnosis module are mounted on the chassis; duplicated - two logic modules (main and backup) are mounted on the chassis. The logic control system is based on combined operation of modules to form: a local core, a separate core, a hybrid core.

EFFECT: high reliability.

63 cl, 41 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of automatic devices, namely to digital equipment of control systems and technological processes.

There are many applications for facility management systems, the failure of which can lead to accidents or loss of life, damage to the environment, loss or serious damage to equipment. Such control systems are safety critical systems (SSS). Examples of such systems can be automated process control systems (ACS), safety control systems (CSS), critical control systems (KSU), etc., used in nuclear and thermal energy, chemical production, etc. Typically, such systems measure many parameters of an object controls (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), control the operation of components (valves, motors, etc.) and perform control functions. To increase the reliability of such systems, various types of redundancy are used. For example, most existing protection systems at nuclear power plants have at least two sets, each of which implements several channels (subsystems or logical control circuits), which are combined by majority schemes.

The well-known "Complex of hardware and software automation of process control", according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2279117, IPC G05B 19/418, designed to control and control technological processes. The complex contains workstations and servers connected via a local Ethernet computer network based on personal electronic computers (PCs), as well as controllers connected between each other and a PC via a local Ethernet network. Each controller contains a central processor module (MCP), designed to control functional modules and actuators (MI), and functional modules with a configurable structure, designed to process signals from sensors and generate IM control signals connected via a local VME-bus. The functional module contains the VME-bus interface circuit, input mezzanines and output mezzanines of variable quantity and structure. The central processor module (MCP) contains a computer with a microprocessor and software. Functional modules are implemented using FPGAs. There are three options for building systems based on the complex: centralized management, local management, distributed management. At the same time, the control functions in different configurations are implemented as follows: in the local control configuration, a functional module having input mezzanines and output mezzanines is able to implement a control algorithm that issues commands to actuators based on data from sensors; in the configuration of distributed control - the central processor module through the functional module analyzes the input data and controls the actuators. The disadvantages of this complex are.

The two-level scheme of the organization of the control and computational process leads to a decrease in performance due to additional time spent on information transfer and software implementation of the control function at the upper level (MCP); to reduce reliability and safety due to the large amount of equipment involved in the implementation of management functions, as well as the likelihood of failures during two-level information processing; to reduce functional safety due to the risks of design defects in the software, which can cause a failure for a common reason even when redundant modules; combining the capabilities of distributed and local control in one architecture leads to higher cost of equipment.

The MCP is built on universal microprocessors and is a product based on “soft” programmable logic, which has all its drawbacks: sequential data processing, cyclicity, the use of interrupts, etc.

The complex has the ability to remotely configure and replace low-level software, which does not exclude the possibility of a cyber attack on technological equipment with viruses like Stuxnet and others.

Using standard intercom interfaces (in the chassis, crate, etc.) - VME-bus, intercom (between the chassis, racks, etc.) - RS - 232 (485), the MIL-STD 1553D inter-channel exchange interface reduces functional security, stability and reliability of communication, since they can be a source of vulnerabilities used in attacks on the system.

There is no single time network and independent diagnostic tools.

The closest analogue is the "Advanced logic system" according to US patent No. 7870299, IPC G06F 3/00, containing input and output circuits integrated in the input and output boards, respectively, the control logic located on the printed circuit board, interconnected via an internal bus with the possibility of reservation. The internal communication interface (in the chassis, crate, etc.) is a duplicated digital bus (main and test). External interface - RS - 422, RS - 485, Modbus. The principle of building an internal and external interface is based on a shared shared environment.

This system has insufficient reliability and functional safety because:

- the use of standard interfaces between chassis elements on the basis of a shared medium with shared access is a source of vulnerabilities in attacks on the system and does not exclude the "information explosions" characteristic of computer systems in emergency situations and, accordingly, reduces the security, stability and reliability of communication;

- there is no possibility of inter-channel exchange, allowing to localize a failed or bad channel (chassis, block, rack) and implement separate redundancy and adaptation (reconfiguration).

The system does not have a single time network, active diagnostics of input and output circuits, as well as independent diagnostics of the entire system. There is no duplication of input / output circuits in input / output devices, which leads to the effect of a single failure on the operation of the entire device. The diagnostic and control circuits in the modules are not galvanically (physically) separated.

Other systems are described in patent UA 2468 published No. 4/2004, in patent UA 22172 published No. 4/2007, and in patent UA 78477 published No. 3/2007, application C A No. 2707373.

In view of the foregoing, there is a need to create more advanced and modern systems important to security. As a rule, increasing the reliability, functionality, speed, fault tolerance, stability and reliability of communication of such systems leads to their complexity and increase costs. In addition, the specificity of systems important to safety requires a significant amount of time for design, development and verification, which leads to high costs for the implementation of the project.

On the other hand, the technical characteristics of primary sensors and actuators used in nuclear and thermal energy, chemical production, etc., are now almost completely standardized and remain unchanged for many years. As a result of this, the possible types of input and output signals of systems important to safety form an almost stationary set of types of signals, which in turn makes it possible to unify the functions of system components for their repeated use.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating a logical control system (SLK) based on a hardware-changing part, the hardware and software of which are designed to build systems that are important for safety by assembling it from a variety of newly (specially) developed for reuse modules, each of which implements unified functions, building connections between modules using various redundancy and redundancy schemes, separation of control, management and diagnosis networks tics, to provide the necessary system functionality, high reliability, speed, fault tolerance, improve communication quality and reliability.

The problem is solved in that in a logical control system containing many interconnected functional modules, according to the invention, the input module is designed to receive and convert input signals, the output module is designed to generate control signals, the logical module, the diagnostic module is designed to collect, analyze and transmitting diagnostic information from functional modules, the optical communication module is designed to provide inter-channel communications, the modules are connected between wallpaper by means of individual digital communication lines of the LVDS standard, each module containing at least one individual bidirectional digital communication channel, the system contains an external communication interface — individual optical communication lines, each module contains an independent diagnostic unit for generating diagnostic messages via sign of operability with reference to a single system time, connected to the diagnostic module.

In another embodiment, according to the invention, the logical control system comprises an input module for receiving and converting input signals, an output module for generating control signals, primary and backup logic modules additionally implementing functions for collecting, analyzing and transmitting diagnostic information from functional modules, an optical module communications designed to provide inter-channel communications, the modules are interconnected via individual digital communication lines LVDS standard, with each module containing at least one individual bidirectional digital communication channel, the system contains an external communication interface — individual optical communication lines, each module contains an independent diagnostic node for generating diagnostic messages based on operability based on a single time systems connected to each logical module.

In the logical control system, each of the modules is implemented using FPGAs.

The logical control system contains several modules of inputs, outputs, diagnostics, optical communication and logical modules.

The logical control system implements the functions performed by the modules within one or more channels.

The input module contains many duplicate channels for receiving input signals, a logical processing and conversion unit, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generation unit, a digital communication channel unit with a logic module and a diagnostic module, a duplicated power supply unit.

The output module contains many duplicated channels for issuing control signals, a node for the logical conversion of digital output information, a diagnostic node, a node for generating visual message signals, a node for digital communication channels with a logical module and a diagnostic module, a duplicated power supply unit.

The logic module contains many digital channels for communication with input and output modules, a diagnostic node, a node for generating visual message signals, a node for digital communication channels with a diagnostic module and a logical module, a node for digital channels for mutual synchronization of work with other channels of the SLU when building two, three - and four-channel complex systems, a node for digital channels for transmitting signals to the archive server, a node for receiving signals and synchronizing a single time, discrete input / output nodes for direct reception / issuing internal and external control signals, duplicated power supply unit.

The diagnostic module contains many digital channels for communication with input, output and logical modules, a diagnostic node, a node for generating visual message signals, a digital channel node for transmitting signals to the archive server, discrete input / output nodes for direct reception / output of internal and external control signals, input circuits and nodes for receiving signals from temperature sensors, smoke and access control to the CLS, a node for receiving signals and synchronizing a single time, a duplicated power supply unit.

The optical communication module contains communication channels with each logical module, a logical processing and distribution unit for information flows, a diagnostic node, digital communication channel nodes with external optical communication modules installed in other chassis and cabinets when building complex multi-channel systems, and a duplicated power supply unit. The modules are installed in the chassis, rack, subunit using the mechanical coding system for seats using detachable connections, where the same type of connectors on the rack are encoded by a set of mechanical pins to uniquely determine the installation location of the corresponding module.

Each logical module and diagnostic module, when installed in the chassis, receive IP addresses through a set of electrically switched jumpers on the cross-board.

When building on a basic chassis, the system includes the following configurations: simple and duplicated.

The logical control system is based on the joint work of the modules, forming:

- a local core designed to build single-channel simple systems;

- A duplicated local core, designed to build single-channel simple systems with redundancy;

- a split core designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems;

- duplicated split core, designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems with redundancy;

- A hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems;

- A duplicated hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems with redundancy.

Depending on the configuration and the number of channels, the SLU includes the following selection of configurations:

- single-channel, single-channel duplicated;

- two-channel, two-channel duplicated;

- three-channel, three-channel duplicated;

- four-channel, four-channel duplicated.

The structure of the SLU in all configurations is based on a vertical hierarchical structure: "input - logic - output" with many parallel individual digital communication lines between each connected levels for independent parallel information transfer. The logical control system uses digital communication lines along the electrical conductors of the cross-board within the chassis and / or optical communication lines between modules of different chassis. Digital communication lines contain at least one individual bidirectional full duplex communication channel for each module. Each module contains at least one individual bi-directional digital full-duplex communication channel with a diagnostic module and at least one individual bi-directional digital full-duplex communication channel with a logical module. Each module contains at least one individual bi-directional digital full-duplex communication channel with a primary logic module and at least one individual bi-directional digital full-duplex communication channel with a backup logical module.

The logic module and the diagnostic module contain at least one individual bidirectional digital full duplex communication channel with each other.

The main logic module and the backup logic module contain at least one individual bidirectional digital full-duplex communication channel with each other.

Communication between the chassis modules is implemented through individual independent point-to-point bi-directional channels, with each module containing at least one independent receiver-transmitter pair galvanically isolated from the others. The modules are connected to each logical and diagnostic modules by the printed circuit board system of the cross-board, while for data transmission, a UART-based serial protocol with fault-tolerant redundant coding / decoding 8b / 10b / 8b and the reliability of the received and transmitted information based on cyclic checksums ( CRC).

The physical layer of individual communication lines is based on serial communication using binary codes.

The physical layer of the communication line is based on differential communication according to the LVDS standard.

The physical layer of the bus communication network is based on the receiver-transmitter topology for each pair of connected modules, individual digital bi-directional communication lines transmit data from one module to another.

The principle of building computer networks of the internal and external interface is the lines connected to a point on special servers (technological, diagnostic).

The physical basis of the interface between the chassis and the external interface is individual point-to-point optical communication channels, with each point-to-point optical channel including at least one full-duplex communication channel.

Each logical and diagnostic module is connected by independent optical channels to two computer networks in which two servers independently collect technological and diagnostic information and write it to non-volatile memory. The channel input and output I / O circuits are galvanically separated from each other and from the module case.

The diagnostic and control circuits in each module are galvanically separated, up to a separate chassis diagnostic module and a separate computer diagnostic network in the system.

Each of the modules for storing operation algorithms contains non-volatile memory.

The system contains one, two at the same time, or one of two redundant electrical power inputs.

The SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with input electrical signals and output digital signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system.

The SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with digital input signals and electrical output signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system.

The SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, and automated process control systems based on the parallel operation of two or more channels.

SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, automated process control systems in which output signals are generated on the basis of the majority logic "1/2", "2/2 "," 2/3 "," 2/4 "," 3/4 ".

The proposed logical control system is distinguished by the presence of a new composition of elements and relations between them, i.e. a new set of features that provide new technical properties of the system. The technical result is the provision of the necessary system functionality, the ability to reuse FPGA-based platform modules to build various backup systems, high reliability, security, speed, fault tolerance, communication stability and reliability, separation of the monitoring and control network from the diagnostic network.

The modular principle of constructing SLUs and the implementation of algorithms in FPGAs makes it possible to design systems of simple and duplicated configurations almost redundantly. At the same time, the SLU contains the necessary tools to create systems with extensibility - up to 2, 3 or 4 channels based on the "local", "shared" or "hybrid" system core.

The construction of a system based on the vertical structure of the passage of signals without intersecting the input and output flows along the input, logical processing, output circuit shows that all signals have independent parallel transmission paths. Such a construction makes it possible to separate the control and control circuits from the diagnostic circuits, so that damage or failure of any of the diagnostic elements does not affect the ability of the system to perform control functions.

The duplicated configuration uses two identical logic modules (primary and backup) with primary functions that are completely autonomous. Each of the modules performs the diagnostic functions in full. In this case, the diagnostic circuit and the control circuit are physically (galvanically) separated.

The construction of the system so that the input signals from each input module enter each of the logical modules (primary and backup), the passage of signals by two independent parallel paths in each chassis shows that the failure of one of the logical modules does not affect the ability of the system to fulfill its functions i.e. the modules reserve each other, while each of them fully performs monitoring and control functions and diagnostic functions.

The organization of internal and external communications based on individual communication lines provides security, maximum “survivability”, i.e. the ability to perform its functions by the network under adverse external influences, as in case of a single failure, the communication between the two modules fails as much as possible.

The internal communication interface between the chassis modules is based on differential technology according to the LVDS standard (low-voltage differential signaling) using individual lines for signal transmission.

The use of low-power, low-voltage communication lines of the LVDS standard - provides high transmission speed with a small consumption of electric energy.

The digital buses inside the chassis are built without using a shared data medium.

The use of collapsed backbone lines on special servers (information, diagnostic) together with time and size-fixed data packets eliminates the “information explosions” that are characteristic of computer networks based on a shared shared environment.

The use of point-to-point optical communication channels in the proposed system without using a shared optical medium for organizing network interaction solves the problem of shared access, since each network line is in full possession of both channels (full duplex communication), which ensures the highest possible speed. The structure of communication channels significantly increases the stability and reliability of communication.

The use of electric and optical communication lines of high throughput and fixed power leads to the fact that the network does not have “information explosions”, for example, in the event of an emergency when it is necessary to transmit a large amount of information.

Using the principle of implementation of modules on the elements of "hard" logic on the FPGA (FPGA), integrated circuits of medium and high degree of integration allows us to ensure simplicity of structure, compactness of the input / output data, which are based on the technological algorithms of the automation object.

The implementation of algorithms in a programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA) allows using special development and programming tools to rigidly fix the necessary elements of circuitry in the FPGA structure for simultaneous and parallel processing of all necessary algorithms in one operation cycle.

The use of “rigid” FPGA logic instead of a microprocessor guarantees the absence of program interruptions and parallel information processing.

When implementing modules using FPGAs, there is no possibility of remote configuration of the system and replacement of software, which excludes the possibility of a cyber attack on technological equipment by viruses.

The use of a modern database of electronic components has reduced the mass of modules.

The use of duplicated I / O nodes in each channel of each I / O module allows you to reserve nodes during normal operation and automatically turn off faulty nodes in case of malfunctions or failures of the electronic components of the node, which increases the reliability and survivability of the SLU.

Using individual duplicated power supply nodes for each module allows one of the nodes to fail to provide power to internal consumers from a working node.

Analysis of the structure of the SLU allows us to conclude that the principle of independence is implemented at the proper level, because:

- monitoring and control networks are physically separated from diagnostic networks;

- used two redundant logic modules;

- hardware modules are physically separated;

- communication between the chassis modules is implemented through many individual electrical lines;

- communication between the chassis is implemented through many individual optical lines;

the inter-channel exchange interface is implemented through individual optical communication lines;

- duplicated channels for receiving / issuing input / output signals in input / output modules;

- duplicated power supply modules;

- the system contains one, two at the same time or one of two redundant electrical power inputs.

The list of drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the configuration of the logical control system in the mode: a) “local core”, b) “duplicated local core”.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the configuration of the logical control system in the mode: a) “split core”, b) “duplicated split core”.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the configuration of the logical control system in the mode: a) “hybrid core”, b) “duplicated hybrid core”.

Fig. 4 is a simplified functional block diagram of the input module.

Fig. 5 is a simplified functional block diagram of a logic module.

Fig. 6 is a simplified functional block diagram of a diagnostic module.

Fig. 7 is a simplified functional block diagram of the output module.

Fig. 8 is a simplified functional block diagram of an optical communication module.

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a logical control system configuration with input electrical signals and output digital signals in:

a) single-channel system; b) single-channel duplicated system;

c) 2-channel system; d) 2-channel duplicated system;

d) 3-channel system; e) 3-channel duplicated system;

g) 4-channel system; h) 4-channel duplicated system.

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a logical control system configuration with digital input signals and output electrical signals in:

a) single-channel system; b) single-channel duplicated system;

c) 2-channel system; d) 2-channel duplicated system;

d) 3-channel system; e) 3-channel duplicated system;

g) 4-channel system; h) 4-channel duplicated system.

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram of a logical control system based on parallel operation:

a) two channels; b) two channels - duplicated;

c) three channels; d) three channels - duplicated;

e) four channels; e) four channels - duplicated.

Fig. 12 - construction scheme of a simple single-channel SLU:

a) simple equipment, b) duplicate equipment.

Figure 13 - construction scheme of a duplicated single-channel SLU:

a) simple equipment, b) duplicate equipment.

Fig. 14 - construction scheme of a single-channel SLU extended:

a) at the entrance, b) at the exit.

Fig. 15 - construction scheme of a duplicated SLU extended:

a) at the entrance, b) at the exit.

The logical control system (Fig. 1, 2) contains 1 input modules, 2 logical module, diagnostics module 3, 4 output modules, optical communication modules 5, interconnected via LVDS communication lines 6. SLU contains optical communication lines 7.

Input module 1 (AIM, DIM) (Fig. 4) contains many duplicate channels 8 for receiving input signals, a logical processing and conversion unit 9 (according to the number of channels), a node 10 for diagnosing the health of all module nodes, a node 11 for generating message signals on LED indicators and sign-synthesizing indication device, which is located on the front panel of the module and is accessible for visual reading of information, communication node 12, node 13 of digital communication channels with logical and diagnostic modules, duplicated node 14 power supply with the ability to work from two different inputs of the primary power supply.

Logic module 2 (LM) (Fig. 5) contains many digital channels 15 for communication with input and output modules, a communication node 16, a logic node 17, a health diagnostics node 18 for all module nodes, a signal generation unit 19 for generating message signals on LED indicators and a character synthesizing an indication device, which is located on the front panel of the module and is accessible for visual reading of information, a node 20 of digital communication channels with a diagnostic module and a logic module, a node 21 of digital channels for mutual synchronization of work with others SLU channels when constructing two-, three- and four-channel systems, a node 22 of digital channels for transmitting signals to an archive server (technological), a node 23 for receiving signals and synchronizing a single time, discrete input / output nodes 24 for direct reception / output of internal and external signals control, duplicated power supply unit 25 with the ability to work from two different inputs of the primary power supply.

Diagnostic module 3 (DM) (Fig. 6) contains many digital channels 26 for communication with input and output modules and logic modules, a logic unit 27, a health diagnostics unit 28 for all module units, a communication unit 29, a signal generation unit 30 for LED messages indicators and a sign-synthesizing indicator device, which is located on the front panel of the module and is available for visual reading of information, node 31 of digital channels for transmitting signals to the archive server (diagnostic), discrete input / output Nodes 32 for direct reception / issuance of internal and external control signals, input circuits and nodes 33 for receiving signals from temperature sensors, smoke and access control to the SSE, node 34 for receiving signals and synchronizing a single time, duplicated node 35 for power supply with the ability to work from two different inputs primary power supply.

The module 4 outputs (AOM, DOM) (Fig. 7) contains many duplicated channels 36 for issuing control signals, a node 37 for logical conversion of digital output information (by the number of channels), a node 38 for diagnosing the health of all nodes of the module, a node 39 for generating message signals on LED indicators and a sign-synthesizing indicator device, which is located on the front panel of the module and is accessible for visual reading of information, communication unit 40, node 41 of digital communication channels with a logical module and a diagnostic module bridges, duplicated power supply unit 42 with the ability to work from two different inputs of the primary power supply.

Optical communication module (OSM) 5 (Fig. 8) contains communication channels 43 with each logical module, information flow distribution node 44, health diagnostic module 45 of all module nodes, digital communication channel 46 with external optical communication modules, signal generation unit 47 messages, duplicated node 48 power supply with the ability to work from two different inputs of the primary power supply.

The logical control system (SLU) is a system based on the architecture of the platform with a hardware-changing part, the hardware and software of which are designed to build process control systems, CSS, KSU, designed to perform a variety of tasks related to industrial automation: from the simplest single-channel unreserved system based on one chassis to a complex four-channel duplicated system for critical applications of nuclear power plants, thermal stations, as well as in the oil and gas and chemical Oh industry, etc.

The operation of the SLU is ensured by the joint work of the basic set of modules included in the system during their normal operation and connection with the input sources and consumers of the output signals.

The logical control system is based on the joint work of modules, divided by functional purpose, each of which is a multilayer electronic board with radio-electronic components installed on it, forming a functionally complete unit that performs the tasks set for it in the LNS.

The work of the SLU is based on the vertical structure of the passage of signals without crossing the input and output flows along the circuit: input, logical processing, output. In accordance with the vertical structure, the SLU includes the following modules:

- input;

- brain teaser;

- weekends.

For the construction of multi-channel systems, optical communication modules are included in the SLU, diagnostic modules are included for the operational determination of malfunctions and failures.

SLU is built on the base chassis in two trim levels:

- simple: one logical module and one diagnostic module are placed in the chassis;

- duplicated: two logical modules (primary and backup) are located in the chassis.

The chassis includes a maximum of 16 modules. Mandatory must include the logical module (s) and the diagnostic module (for a chassis with one logical module).

The synchronous operation of logical modules in a duplicated SLU is provided by direct digital communication channels (optical, electrical) between two logical modules.

The synchronous operation of logical modules in multi-channel SLUs is provided by direct optical communication channels between two (three, four) logical modules.

The logical control system is based on the joint work of the system modules and, depending on the connection of the modules to the sources and consumers of external signals, forms the following configurations of the SLU:

- local core - "local core" (Fig. la), designed to build single-channel simple systems;

- duplicated local core - "double local core" (Fig. 1b), designed to build single-channel simple systems with redundancy;

- divided core - "divided core" (Fig. 2a), designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems;

- duplicated divided core - "double divided core" (Fig. 2b), designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems with redundancy;

- hybrid core - "hybrid core" (Fig. 3a), designed to build simple multi-channel systems;

- duplicated hybrid core - "double hybrid core" (Fig. 3b), designed to build simple multi-channel systems with redundancy.

Regardless of the selected configuration of building systems, control algorithms are always implemented in a logical module, without the use of microcontrollers and microprocessors.

The logical control system is based on the joint work of modules that provide the necessary redundancy, which can be reorganized through special expansion modules such as OSM:

- into a complex vertical system with input electrical signals and output digital signals to work in:

- single-channel and single-channel duplicated system (Fig. 9a, 9b);

- 2-channel and 2-channel duplicated system (Fig. 9c, 9d);

- 3-channel and 3-channel duplicated system (Fig. 9e, 9e);

- 4-channel and 4-channel duplicated system (Fig. 9g, 9z);

- into a complex vertical system with digital input signals and electrical output signals to work in:

- single-channel and single-channel duplicated system (Fig. 10a, 10b);

- 2-channel and 2-channel duplicated system (Fig. 10c, 10d);

- 3-channel and 3-channel duplicated system (Fig. 10e, 10e);

- 4-channel and 4-channel duplicated system (Fig. 10g, 10z);

- into a highly reliable, redundant system for use in USB, KSU, ASUTP based on parallel operation:

- two channels and two channels duplicated (Fig. 11a, 11b);

- three channels and three channels duplicated (Fig. 11c, 11d);

- four channels and four duplicated channels (Fig. 11e, 11e).

The logical control system is based on the joint work of modules organized in a highly reliable, redundant system for use in USB, KSU, ASUTP, in which the output signals are formed on the basis of the majority logic "1/2", "2/2", "2/3" , "2/4", "3/4".

Design-compiled tools of the SLU are:

- cabinets, chassis (racks, subunits) into which a variable number (depending on the project) of modules, power supply and switching facilities is installed;

- modules - functionally complete technical means.

The modules are installed in an operationally autonomous product - the chassis, designed for the structural fastening of the modules by means of special detachable connections (without the use of mounting wires) in the process of joint fulfillment of functional tasks by them as part of the SLU.

To eliminate the erroneous installation of different types of modules, a mechanical coding system for seats using detachable joints based on a set of mechanical pins is used.

For identification during operation as part of computer networks, the logic module and the diagnostic module, when installed in the chassis, receive unique IP addresses from a set of electrically switched jumpers on the cross-board.

Each of the modules in the process of work can be removed from the workplace and installed back without turning off the power, adjustments and violations in the operation of the SLU ("hot swap" mode). The server continuously monitors the availability at its regular places of all the SLU modules declared during configuration. Replacing any module with a similar one leads to the formation of a replacement fixation signal with the recording of serial numbers.

Input modules are distinguished by the type of input signals: digital inputs, analog inputs, inputs of temperature sensors, inputs of ionization chambers, inputs of potential signals.

Input modules accept input signals:

- current in the range, for example 0-20 mA;

- voltage in the range, for example - (minus) 5 - + (plus) 5 V;

- voltage in the range, for example 0-32 mV;

- discrete signals of the type "dry contact".

Input modules contain nodes for monitoring the integrity (integrity) of input circuits:

- for active analog input current / voltage circuits - by the presence of current / voltage and finding them in the specified range (as well as by the rate of change);

- for passive discrete circuits - for monitoring the auxiliary current on an additional resistor installed near the signal source.

The output modules are distinguished by the type of output signals: analog outputs, discrete outputs, actuator controls.

Output modules give output signals:

- current in the range, for example 0-20 mA;

- voltage in the range, for example - (minus) 5 - + (plus) 5 V;

- discrete signals of the type "dry contact".

The output modules contain nodes for monitoring the health (integrity) of the output circuits:

- for active analog circuits of the output current / voltage - by the presence of current / voltage and finding them in the specified range;

- for passive discrete circuits - by monitoring the auxiliary current flowing through the load from an internal galvanically isolated source.

The input and output modules contain duplicate I / O nodes in each channel of each input and output module.

Upon detection of internal malfunctions that impede the normal operation of the module and the impossibility of connecting redundant internal nodes, the output circuits of the module are put into an inactive safe state, which eliminates false influences on actuators.

Channel input / output circuits of input / output modules are galvanically separated from each other and from the module casing so as to withstand electromagnetic interference arising during the operation of power technological equipment in technological rooms with a harsh electromagnetic environment.

Input / output circuits of input / output modules withstand galvanically isolated voltage:

- alternating or direct current, for example up to 1500 V;

- static discharges of direct current, for example up to 6000 V.

The input / output circuits of the input / output modules are galvanically separated from each other and from the module casing so as to protect service personnel and internal electronic components of the modules from external voltages (including induced voltage) that may appear on connected cables.

The logical control system includes an independent diagnostic network based on the use of independent diagnostic nodes at all functional levels that are built into the modules (with a common diagnostic coverage of 95% of the hardware and software components of the module), but do not have electrical connections to the functional components of the module. The input and output modules implement active diagnostics of input / output circuits by the presence of a diagnostic output current pulse from an internal galvanically isolated current source. The diagnostic nodes of each module through a system of printed conductors on an electronic cross-board (motherboard) of the chassis are connected to a dedicated special diagnostic module (in the chassis with a simple configuration) and with each logic module (in the chassis with a duplicated configuration), designed to collect and process information from diagnostic nodes within the chassis. The SLU diagnostic network is based on the joint work of many diagnostic modules and logical modules connected by optical communication channels, based on the operation of a collapsed backbone, with a server for collecting diagnostic information specially dedicated for these purposes.

The diagnostic node of each module collects diagnostic information from internal diagnostic elements and transmits it via individual digital communication lines:

- in the chassis with a simple complete set - in the diagnostic module;

- in a chassis with duplicate equipment - in each of two logical modules.

In a chassis with a simple configuration, the diagnostic module receives diagnostic information from all chassis modules, composes it into a single diagnostic package and transmits them to the diagnostic server every 100 ms via optical communication channels (further information can be transferred to the black box). In a chassis with duplicate equipment, the role of the diagnostic module is fully performed by each of the two logical modules.

Diagnostic and control circuits are galvanically separated in each module, up to a separate chassis diagnostic module and a separate computer diagnostic network in the system.

The logical control system includes a single-time network, built on the basis of a separate galvanically isolated network or using digital networks of SLU. At the same time, logic and diagnostic modules contain built-in current time accounting nodes. All nodes of a separate source are synchronized via electrical connections of the cross-board to external terminals of the chassis or via digital networks of the SLU.

Each of the modules uses non-volatile memory to store work algorithms, which allows each module to be included in the work and begin to perform its functions regardless of the availability of other modules and the operation of digital communication channels.

Each logical and diagnostic module is connected by independent optical channels to two computer networks in which two servers independently collect technological and diagnostic information and write it to non-volatile memory with a resolution of 10 ms.

Each logical module of the SLU in any configuration at each cycle of operation via direct optical communication channels transmits to the technology server (with the possibility of subsequent transmission to the "black box") information about:

- received input signals;

- generated output signals;

- internal teams.

Information is recorded in the non-volatile memory of the technology server every 10 ms or based on predefined criteria:

- for discrete signals - at the time of change;

- for analog signals - at the moment of deviation above a given boundary (aperture).

Information from the non-volatile memory of the diagnostic and technological servers is available at any time for operational display on the workstations of the maintenance personnel using special software.

Each module contains redundant power supplies.

The structure of the SLU in all configurations is based on the vertical hierarchical structure of the core: “input - logic - output” with many parallel individual digital communication lines between each two connected levels for independent parallel information transfer. Depending on the general structure of the hardware, the SLU uses digital communication lines along the electrical conductors of the cross-boards and optical communication lines between modules of different chassis.

Communications between the chassis modules are made through digital individual independent bi-directional point-to-point communication lines, for which each module has the required number of independent galvanically isolated from other receiver-transmitter pairs.

Digital communication channels contain at least one full duplex communication channel for each module.

The modules are connected by means of a printed circuit conductor system on an electronic motherboard of the chassis, designed to electrically connect electronic components of different modules and which are the basis for LVDS (low-voltage differential signaling) operation and use a UART-based serial protocol for data transmission with fault-tolerant redundant coding / decoding 8b / 10b / 8b and reliability control of received and transmitted information based on cyclic checksums (CRC).

The communications structure is radial — each logical and diagnostic module is associated with each chassis module.

The physical basis of the interface between the chassis and the external interface is individual optical point-to-point communication channels, each network line of any of the information directions includes at least one full-duplex point-to-point communication channel.

The technical means of the SLU excluded the possibility of malicious interference in the system, for which:

- the possibility of remote (network) access to programs and module settings is excluded;

- The ability to remotely modify software modules is excluded

Functions

In the process, the logical control system performs the functions intended for it, selected from the following groups:

- processing of input signals of current and voltage;

- processing of input signals of thermocouples and resistance thermometers;

- processing of input signals from ionization chamber detectors;

- processing of input discrete signals “dry contact”;

- processing of input potential discrete signals of constant and / or alternating voltage;

- monitoring the state of an object based on the information received and generating control and information signals to actuators and control systems according to technological algorithms;

- formation of output analog signals of current and voltage;

- formation of output potential discrete signals "dry contact";

- management of executive mechanisms;

- system diagnostics;

- electrical and optical communication between system components.

In the SLU, the listed functions are implemented in a programmable integrated logic circuit (FPGA), which is designed so that the customer or developer can configure it after manufacturing - hence the "programmable".

Modules perform input functions:

- electric current;

- parameters of temperature sensors (thermocouple, thermistors, etc.);

- electrical voltage;

- parameters of the resistor.

Modules perform output functions:

- IM output control;

- output current control;

- output voltage control.

Each module in the process of inclusion in the work and periodically in the process of work:

- checks the healthy state of non-volatile memory with a redundant cyclic code;

- checks the working condition of internal hardware;

- checks the working condition of the input / output signals;

- checks the working condition of communication lines / channels;

- checks the correctness of digital data received via communication channels;

- checks the health of the logical nodes of its own FPGA;

- checks the working condition of the electric power channels and their compliance with the established values.

The logical module, subject to the presence of certain combinations of input discrete signals, allows:

- block (disconnect) any input signals (signal groups) from the algorithms for generating output control commands;

- simulate going beyond the controlled boundaries of any input signals (signal groups);

- change, in predetermined limits, any boundary conditions for the formation of output control commands;

- simulate the formation of any output control commands and / or signals.

The principle of operation of the logical control system. The configuration of the "local kernel."

Input signals from external primary sensors or external systems enter the input modules, are digitized and, via individual digital communication lines, enter the logical module (in the chassis with duplicated equipment — to each of the logical modules). Each logic module processes the input signals in accordance with the built-in algorithms and generates digital signals, which are transmitted via individual digital communication lines to the output modules, which control the state of the output keys or current sources, as a result of which signals are generated at the output terminals of the system system. Processing “1 of 2” or “2 of 2” in duplicate configuration is performed in the output modules.

The designation of the local core (Fig. 1a, 1b) consists of the name “Single core” (or “Dual core” for a chassis with duplicate equipment) and numbers, the first digit indicates the number of input modules, the second - outputs.

Input expansion chassis.

Each logical module receives signals from all input modules, generates a common stream of digital signals and transmits it to optical communication modules via digital communication lines for subsequent transmission to the split core (s). Processing "1 of 2" or "2 of 2" in a duplicate configuration is performed in the logical modules of a split core.

The designation of the input expansion chassis (Fig. 9) consists of the name “Input single core” (or “Input double core” for a chassis with duplicate equipment) and numbers, the first digit indicates the number of input modules, the second - optical communication modules.

Exit expansion chassis.

The digital signal streams for the expansion chassis are fed via optical digital communication lines from the split core to the optical communication modules for subsequent transmission to each logical module. In accordance with the algorithms laid down, each logic module generates digital signals, which are transmitted through individual digital communication lines to the output key or current source modules, as a result of which the system output terminals generate output signals that are supplied to external systems. Processing “1 of 2” or “2 of 2” in duplicate configuration is performed in the output modules.

The designation of the output expansion chassis (Fig. 10) consists of the name “Single output core” (or “Dual output core” for a chassis with duplicate equipment) and numbers, the first digit indicates the number of optical communication modules, the second - output modules.

The split kernel configuration.

Input signals from external primary sensors or external systems enter the input modules of the expansion chassis at the input, are digitized, processed in each logical module, and are transmitted through the optical communication lines to the inputs of the optical communication modules of the divided core. Digital signals from optical communication modules via individual digital communication lines are supplied to each logical module of a divided core. Each logic module, in accordance with the algorithms laid down, generates digital signals that are transmitted via individual digital communication lines to optical communication modules for subsequent transmission to the output expansion chassis, where they control the state of the output keys or current sources, as a result of which the system output terminals generate output signals that enter external systems.

The designation of a split core (Fig. 2a, 2b) consists of the name “Shared core” (or “Double shared core” for a chassis with duplicate equipment) and numbers, the first digit indicates the number of input optical communication modules, the second - output modules.

Hybrid core configuration.

The first group of input signals from external primary sensors or external systems enters the input modules of the kernel chassis, is digitized and, via individual digital communication lines, enters each logical module of the hybrid core for logical processing in accordance with customer's algorithms.

The second group of input signals from external primary sensors or external systems enter the input modules of the expansion chassis at the input, are digitized and are transmitted via optical communication lines to the inputs of the optical communication modules of the divided core. Digital signals from the optical communication modules via individual digital communication lines are transmitted to each logical module of the hybrid core for processing in accordance with customer's algorithms.

According to the results of processing the input signals in accordance with the laid down algorithms, each logical module generates a first group of digital signals that are fed to the output modules via individual digital communication lines, where they control the state of the output keys or current sources, as a result of which the system output terminals generate output signals, which enter external systems.

According to the results of processing the input signals in accordance with the laid down algorithms, each logic module generates a second group of digital signals that are fed to the optical communication modules via individual digital communication lines for subsequent transmission to the output expansion chassis, where they control the state of the output keys or current sources, in As a result, the output terminals of the system generate output signals that are supplied to external systems.

The designation of the hybrid core (Fig. 3a, 3b) consists of the name “Hybrid core” (or “Dual hybrid core” - for a chassis with duplicate equipment).

Examples of building single-channel systems.

Simple single-channel SLU.

It is built on the basis of a local core in a simple or duplicated configuration (Fig. 12a, 12b).

The input signals are input to the system input, digitized in the input modules, processed by the application logic in each logical module, and transmitted to the system output through the output modules.

Duplicated single-channel SLU.

It is built on the basis of two local cores in a simple or duplicated configuration for KSU and CSS (Fig. 13a, 13b).

The input signals are simultaneously input to the input of two autonomous subsystems (local cores), digitized in the input modules, processed by the application logic in each logical module, and fed to the system output via output modules.

The output signals are combined according to the logic “1 of 2” or “2 of 2” in the output switching cabinets or directly at the inputs of the signal receivers.

Single-channel SLU extended input and output.

It is built on the basis of two local cores in a simple or duplicated configuration (Fig. 14a, 14b). It is used in cases when the number of input signals exceeds the capabilities of the local core.

The input signals are divided into two streams and fed to the input of two autonomous extension subsystems, where they are digitized in the input modules and fed to the processing according to the application algorithms in each logical module of the divided core. The output control signals are transmitted to the two output expansion subsystems by means of optical modules. In each logic module of the expansion chassis, the output signals are distributed among the output modules.

Duplicated extended input and output of the SLU.

It is built on the basis of two single-channel separated SLUs (in a simple or duplicated configuration) for KSU and CSS (Fig. 15a, 15b).

The input signals are synchronously input to the input of two autonomous expansion subsystems by input, digitized in the input modules, input into two synchronously and parallelly running chassis, processed by application logic and transmitted to the system output via the output expansion chassis, followed by the use of output modules.

The output signals are combined according to the logic “1 of 2” or “2 of 2” in the output switching cabinets or directly at the inputs of the signal receivers.

Work multi-channel SLU.

2-, 3- and 4-channel SLUs are built on the basis of single-channel, described above.

2-channel SLU.

The input signals of the first channel through optical communication modules from the expansion chassis are transmitted to the second channel and vice versa (Fig. 11a, 11b). Thus, in each of the divided cores there is a complete set of all input signals.

In the processing algorithms, the input signals are processed according to the logic “1 of 2” or “2 of 2”. The logical modules of each channel are mutually synchronized through special optical communication channels.

The output signals generated by each logical module of each split core are transmitted via optical communication modules to each of the two expansion chassis, where they are processed using the logic “1 of 2” or “2 of 2” before being distributed to the output modules.

3-channel SLU

The input signals of each channel through optical communication modules from the expansion chassis enter all three channels (Fig. 11c, 11d). Thus, in each of the divided cores there is a complete set of all input signals.

In the processing algorithms, the input signals are processed according to the “2 of 3” logic, as a result of which the system becomes resistant to the failure of one (any) extension channel. The logical modules of each channel are mutually synchronized through special optical communication channels.

The output signals generated by each logical module of each split core are transmitted via optical communication modules to each of two (or more) expansion chassis (the total number of expansion chassis in terms of output is determined by the number of output signals that SLU must generate), where before entering the output modules are processed according to the “2 of 3” logic, as a result of which the SLU becomes resistant to the failure of any split core.

4-channel SLU

The input signals of each channel through optical communication modules from the expansion chassis are transmitted to all four channels (Fig. 11e, 11f). Thus, in each of the divided cores there is a complete set of all input signals.

In the processing algorithms, the input signals are processed according to the "2 of 4" logic, as a result of which the system becomes resistant to the failure of two expansion channels. The logical modules of each channel are mutually synchronized through special optical communication channels.

The output signals generated by each logical module of each split core are transmitted via optical communication modules to each of two (or more) expansion chassis (the total number of expansion chassis in terms of output is determined by the number of output signals that SLU must generate), where before entering the output modules are processed according to the “2 of 4” logic, as a result of which the SLU becomes resistant to the failure of two separated cores.

Claims (63)

1. The logical control system (SLU), comprising at least one input module for receiving and converting input signals, at least one output module for generating control signals, a logical module, a diagnostic module for collecting, analyzing and transmitting diagnostic information from functional modules, characterized in that it contains at least one optical communication module for inter-channel communications, the modules are interconnected via individual digital lines LVDS standard, each module contains at least one individual bi-directional digital communication channel, the system contains an external communication interface — individual optical communication lines, each module contains an independent diagnostic node for generating diagnostic messages based on operability based on a single time system connected to the diagnostic module. 2. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, each of the modules is implemented using FPGAs. 3. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains several modules of inputs, outputs, diagnostics, optical communication and logical modules. 4. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that it implements the functions that the modules perform within one or more channels. 5. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the input module contains many duplicate channels for receiving input signals, a logical processing and conversion unit, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generating unit, a digital communication channel unit with a logical module and a diagnostic module, duplicated power supply node. 6. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the output module comprises a plurality of duplicated channels for issuing control signals, a logical conversion unit for digital output information, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generation unit, a digital communication channel unit with a logical module and a diagnostic module , duplicated power supply node. 7. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the logical module contains a plurality of digital channels for communication with input and output modules, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generating unit, a digital communication channel unit with a diagnostic module, a mutual synchronization digital channel unit work with other SLU channels when building two-, three- and four-channel complex systems, a digital channel node for transmitting signals to the archive server, a signal receiving and synchronization unit for a single time, discrete s input / output nodes of direct reception / delivery of internal and external control signals, the duplicate supply node. 8. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the diagnostic module contains many digital channels for communication with input, output and logical modules, a diagnostic node, a node for generating visual message signals, a digital channel node for transmitting signals to the archive server, discrete input / output nodes for direct reception / output of internal and external control signals, input circuits and nodes for receiving signals from temperature sensors, smoke and access control to the SSE, node for receiving signals and synchronization e another time, the duplicated node power. 9. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical communication module contains communication channels with each logical module, a logical processing and distribution unit for information flows, a diagnostic unit, a digital communication channel unit with external optical communication modules installed in other chassis and cabinets for the construction of complex multi-channel systems, a duplicated power supply unit. 10. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the modules are installed in the chassis, rack, subunit using a mechanical coding system for seats using detachable connections, where the same type of connectors on the rack are encoded by a set of mechanical pins to uniquely determine the installation location of the corresponding module. 11. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that each logical module and the diagnostic module, when installed in the chassis, receive IP addresses by means of a set of electrically switched jumpers on the cross-board. 12. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that when building on a basic chassis, the system includes the following configurations: simple and duplicated. 13. The logical control system according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the system is based on the joint operation of the modules, forming:
- a local core designed to build single-channel simple systems;
- A duplicated local core, designed to build single-channel simple systems with redundancy;
- a split core designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems;
- duplicated split core, designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems with redundancy;
- A hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems;
- A duplicated hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems with redundancy. 14. The logical control system according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that, depending on the configuration and the number of channels, the system includes the following selection of configurations:
- single-channel, single-channel duplicated;
- two-channel, two-channel duplicated;
- three-channel or three-channel duplicated;
- four-channel or four-channel duplicated. 15. The logical control system according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the structure of the system in all configurations is based on a vertical hierarchical structure: “input-logic-output” with many parallel individual digital communication lines between each connected levels for independent parallel information transfer . 16. The logical control system according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the system uses digital communication lines along the electrical conductors of the cross-board within the chassis and / or optical communication lines between modules of different chassis. 17. The logical control system according to claim 1 or 16, characterized in that the digital communication lines contain at least one individual bidirectional full duplex communication channel for each module. 18. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that each module contains at least one individual bidirectional digital full duplex communication channel with a diagnostic module and at least one individual bidirectional digital full duplex communication channel with a logical module, a logical module and a diagnostic module contain at least one individual bidirectional digital full duplex communication channel with each other. 19. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication between the chassis modules is implemented through individual independent bidirectional point-to-point channels, each module containing at least one independent receiver-transmitter pair galvanically isolated from the others " 20. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the modules are connected to each logical and diagnostic modules by the printed circuit board system of the cross-board, while the data transfer using a serial protocol based on UART with fault-tolerant redundant encoding / decoding 8b / 10b / 8b and monitoring the reliability of received and transmitted information based on cyclic checksums (CRC). 21. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the physical layer of the communication lines is based on serial differential communication according to the LVDS standard for binary codes. 22. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the physical layer of the bus communication network is based on the receiver-transmitter topology for each pair of connected modules, individual bi-directional communication lines transmit data from one module to another. 23. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the principle of constructing computer networks of the internal and external interface is pulled to the point of the backbone on the servers. 24. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the physical basis of the interface between the chassis and the external interface is an individual point-to-point optical communication channels, with each point-to-point optical channel including at least one full duplex link. 25. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that each logical and diagnostic modules are connected by independent optical channels to two computer networks in which two servers independently collect technological and diagnostic information and write it to non-volatile memory. 26. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel-by-channel input and output I / O circuits, diagnostics and control circuits in each module are galvanically separated from each other and from the module housing, up to a separate chassis diagnostic module and a separate computer diagnostic network in the system. 27. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the modules for storing operation algorithms contains non-volatile memory. 28. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system comprises one, two at the same time or one of two redundant electrical power inputs. 29. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with input electrical signals and output digital signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system. 30. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with digital input signals and electrical output signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system. 31. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the SLU includes expansion modules by which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, automated process control systems based on the parallel operation of two and more channels. 32. The logical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, automated process control systems in which output signals are generated based on the majority logic "1/2", "2/2", "2/3", "2/4", "3/4". 33. A logical control system comprising at least one input module for receiving and converting input signals interconnected, at least one output module for generating control signals, a logical module, characterized in that it further includes a second logical module, wherein logical modules additionally implement the functions of collecting, analyzing and transmitting diagnostic information from functional modules, at least one optical communication module to provide inter-channel communications , the modules are interconnected by means of individual digital communication lines of the LVDS standard, each module containing at least one individual bidirectional digital communication channel, the system contains an external communication interface — individual optical communication lines, each module contains an independent diagnostic node for generating diagnostic messages on the basis of operability with reference to a single system time, connected to each logical module. 34. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that, each of the modules is implemented using FPGA. 35. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that it contains several modules of inputs, outputs, optical communication and logical modules. 36. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that it implements the functions that the modules perform within one or more channels. 37. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the input module comprises a plurality of duplicate input signal receiving channels, a logical processing and conversion unit, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generating unit, a digital communication channel unit with each logical unit, a duplicated unit power supply. 38. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the output module comprises a plurality of duplicated channels for issuing control signals, a logical conversion unit for digital output information, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generation unit, a digital communication channel unit with each logical module, duplicated power supply unit. 39. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the logical module comprises a plurality of digital channels for communication with input and output modules, a diagnostic unit, a visual signal generation unit, a digital communication channel unit with a logical module, a mutual synchronization digital channel unit work with other SLU channels when building two-, three- and four-channel complex systems, a digital channel node for transmitting signals to the archive server, a signal receiving and synchronization unit for a single time, discrete s input / output nodes of direct reception / delivery of internal and external control signals, the duplicate supply node. 40. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the optical communication module comprises communication channels with each logical module, a logical processing and distribution unit for information flows, a diagnostic node, a digital communication channel node with external optical communication modules installed in other chassis and cabinets for the construction of complex multi-channel systems, a duplicated power supply unit. 41. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the modules are installed in the chassis, rack, subunit using the mechanical coding of seats using detachable connections, where the same type of connectors on the rack are encoded by a set of mechanical pins to uniquely determine the installation location of the corresponding module. 42. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that each logical module, when installed in the chassis, receives an IP address through a set of electrically switched jumpers on the cross-board. 43. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that when building on a basic chassis, the system includes the following configurations: simple and duplicated. 44. The logical control system according to claim 33 or 43, characterized in that the system is based on the joint operation of the modules forming:
- a local core designed to build single-channel simple systems;
- A duplicated local core, designed to build single-channel simple systems with redundancy;
- a split core designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems;
- duplicated split core, designed to build fault-tolerant multi-channel systems with redundancy;
- A hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems;
- A duplicated hybrid core designed to build simple multi-channel systems with redundancy. 45. The logical control system according to claim 33 or 43, characterized in that, depending on the configuration and the number of channels, the system includes the following selection of configurations:
- single-channel, single-channel duplicated;
- two-channel, two-channel duplicated;
- three-channel or three-channel duplicated;
- four-channel or four-channel duplicated. 46. The logical control system according to claim 33 or 43, characterized in that the structure of the system in all configurations is based on a vertical hierarchical structure: “input-logic-output” with many parallel individual digital communication lines between each connected levels for independent parallel information transfer . 47. The logical control system according to claim 33 or 43, characterized in that the system uses digital communication lines along the electrical conductors of the cross-board within the chassis and / or optical communication lines between modules of different chassis. 48. The logical control system according to claim 33 or 47, characterized in that the digital communication lines comprise at least one individual bidirectional full duplex communication channel for each module. 49. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein each module comprises at least one individual bidirectional digital full duplex communication channel with a primary logic module and at least one individual bi-directional digital full duplex communication channel with a backup logical module, a primary logic module and the redundant logic module contains at least one individual bidirectional digital full-duplex communication channel with each other. 50. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that the communication between the chassis modules is implemented through individual independent bidirectional point-to-point channels, each module containing at least one independent receiver-transmitter pair galvanically isolated from the others " 51. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the modules are connected to each logical module by a printed circuit conductor system of the cross-board, while for data transmission, a UART-based serial protocol with fault-tolerant redundant encoding / decoding 8b / 10b / 8b and monitoring the reliability of received and transmitted information based on cyclic checksums (CRC). 52. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the physical layer of the communication lines is based on serial differential communication according to the LVDS standard for binary codes. 53. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the physical layer of the bus communication network is based on the receiver-transmitter topology for each pair of connected modules, individual bi-directional communication lines transmit data from one module to another. 54. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the principle of constructing computer networks of the internal and external interface is pulled to the point of the backbone on the servers. 55. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the physical basis of the interface between the chassis and the external interface is individual point-to-point optical communication channels, with each point-to-point optical channel including at least one full duplex link. 56. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that each logical module is connected by independent optical channels to two computer networks in which two servers independently collect technological and diagnostic information and write it to non-volatile memory. 57. The logical control system according to claim 33, characterized in that the channel-by-channel input and output I / O circuits, diagnostics and control circuits in each module are galvanically separated from each other and from the module casing, up to a separate computer diagnostic network in the system. 58. The logical control system according to p. 33, characterized in that each of the modules for storing operation algorithms contains non-volatile memory. 59. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the system comprises one, two at the same time, or one of two redundant electrical power inputs. 60. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the SLU includes expansion modules through which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with input electrical signals and output digital signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system. 61. The logical control system according to claim 33, wherein the SLU includes expansion modules by which the system can be reorganized into a complex vertical system with input digital signals and output electrical signals for operation in a single and multi-channel system. 62. The logical control system according to p. 36, characterized in that the SLU includes expansion modules by which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, automated process control systems based on the parallel operation of two and more channels. 63. The logical control system according to p. 36, characterized in that the control system includes expansion modules, through which the system can be reorganized into a redundant system for use in critical control systems, safety control systems, automated process control systems in which output signals are generated based on the majority logic "1/2", "2/2", "2/3", "2/4", "3/4".

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