RU2425944C1 - Extension-type reamer bit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: extension-type reamer bit includes centraliser, housing with central through channel and slots, blades equipped with rock-destructing elements and projections in the form of teeth, which are fixed in slots of housing with possibility of being extended, and extension mechanism of blades to working position, which includes hollow shaft with piston, and pusher. Hollow shaft is installed so that it is fixed against being rotated relative to housing. Reamer bit has blade locking device in non-working position, which includes radially spring-loaded annular segments interacting with pusher and located in shaft groove, and groove mating those segments and made in inner wall of housing. Dies of centraliser are extension-type and installed in additional slots of housing. Shanks of dies are equipped with projection of dovetail type, which interact with mating slots made on inclined surfaces of fixing device fixed on shaft below piston and above sleeve. ^ EFFECT: reliable and long-life design, extended life of reamer bit equipment, and strictly required diameter of gauged well shaft throughout the length of extended interval. ^ 4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The proposal relates to drilling equipment in the oil and gas industry, in particular to devices for increasing the diameter of a well in a given interval.

The well-known "Expander wells" (patent RU No. 2231612, E21B 7/28, publ. Bull. No. 18 dated 06/27/2004), comprising a housing with a Central passage channel, mounted on the housing legs with rock cutting elements and the mechanism for extending the legs into the working a position containing an annular piston with a rod located in the passage channel of the housing, spring-loaded towards the lower end of the housing and having elements interacting with the legs when translating them into the working and transport positions, and the cross grooves are made in the legs and interacting with the legs lementy piston are in the form of brackets fixed on the outer wall of its stem and having a cross-shaped protrusions arranged in cruciform slots paws movably thereon, wherein the plunger spring located in the cavity formed by the outer wall of the stem and the inner wall of the housing and communicating with the external environment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is “Expanding well extender” (patent RU No. 2318975, E21B 7/28, publ. Bull. No. 7 of 03/10/2008), comprising a housing with flushing holes and a central passage channel and grooves, lower a centralizer, blades equipped with rock cutting elements and tooth-shaped protrusions, fixed in the grooves of the housing with the possibility of extension, and the mechanism for extending the blades to the working position, containing a spring-loaded hollow shaft with a piston located in the passage channel of the housing gearing elements at the lower end, and in the cavity formed by the inner wall of the housing and the outer surface of the hollow shaft, a sleeve is mounted that abuts the ledge of the housing, with a cover made with holes for flushing fluid, a needle is fixed in the center of the cover and an internal cavity is fixed a hollow shaft a shaft sleeve of carbide material is inserted, the central hole of which is blocked by a needle, with an upper centralizer installed in the upper part of the expander, and the flushing holes of the housing are equipped with interchangeable hydromonitor and carbide tips.

The disadvantages of these designs are:

- the devices do not provide a calibrated barrel of the required diameter and quality, since the centralizers of these devices are not sliding, and their shape is not optimal and, as a result, when installing a profile overlap, the possibility of under-disclosure of the profile shutoff pipe is not ruled out, which leads to an emergency situation and drilling of the wellbore ;

- low resource of arms (teeth) of the expander due to vibrations and resonance phenomena that occur during operation of the expander without an additional support-centering tool of the required diameter;

- low tool life associated with a complex multi-element design of the rock-cutting elements extending to the working position, unreliable mechanism of their fixation, as well as the possibility of jamming when the internal elements of the device are broken and the tool is lifted from the well.

The technical task of the proposed device is to create a reliable and durable design that provides a calibrated wellbore of strictly required diameter along the entire length of the expandable interval, which does not create additional load on drill pipes and increases the expander’s weapon life many times.

The technical problem is solved by a sliding expander-calibrator containing a centralizer, a housing with a central passage channel and grooves, blades equipped with rock cutting elements, fixed in the grooves of the housing with the possibility of extension, and a mechanism for extending the blades to the working position, containing a hollow shaft with a piston located in the passage housing channel, a pusher installed in the cavity formed by the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall of the hollow shaft, and a sleeve is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow shaft.

What is new is that the hollow shaft at the top is threaded for connection with downhole equipment, has a side hole and is mounted with a rotation lock against the body, the blades are equipped with shanks that interact with the hollow shaft sleeve when the blades are extended to the working position, and the device for locking the blades in the idle position a position containing radially spring-loaded annular segments interacting with the pusher and located in the shaft groove, and the groove corresponding to these segments in the inner wall of the housing ca, wherein sliding plates are made of the centralizer and casing set in the additional grooves and the shanks plates provided with protuberances of the "dovetail" interacting with mating grooves provided on the inclined latch surfaces, is rigidly mounted on the shaft above and below the piston sleeve.

Also new is the fact that the working surface of the dies is made in the form of protruding screw protrusions, on which calibrating teeth are placed in rows with overlapping each other, mounted flush with the screw surface of the corresponding protrusions.

New is also the fact that the diameter of the described circle of the dies in the working position is 1-2% less than the diameter of the described circle of the blades.

Also new is the fact that there are as many dies as there are blades, and they are located with an offset of half the angle relative to the blades.

Figure 1 shows the extender calibrator sliding in the working position - a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section bB, figure 3 is a view a; figure 4 is a fragment of the device, which shows the mechanism of fixation of the blades in the idle position, figure 5 is a section bb.

The device (Fig. 1) comprises a centralizer 1, a housing 2 with a central passage channel 3 and grooves 4, blades 5 provided with rock cutting elements 6, mounted in grooves 4 of the housing 2 with the possibility of extension, and a mechanism for extending the blades 5 to the working position, containing a hollow a shaft 7 with a piston 8, located in the passage channel 3 of the housing 2, a pusher 9 (Fig. 4), hermetically mounted in the cavity 10, which is a hydraulic chamber formed by the inner wall 11 of the housing 2 and the outer wall 12 of the hollow shaft 7, and into the inner cavity of the hollow shaft inserted sleeve ka 13 (Fig. 1) with a nozzle 14. At the top, the hollow shaft 7, and at the bottom of the housing 2 are provided with threads 15 for connection with downhole equipment (not shown in Fig.). The hollow shaft is provided with a lateral hole 16 and is installed with fixation from rotation relative to the housing, the surfaces 17 and 18 (figure 2). The blades 5 (figure 1) are equipped with shanks 19 that interact with the sleeve 13 of the hollow shaft 7 when the blades 5 are extended to the working position. The device for locking the blades 5 in the idle position contains radially spring-loaded springs 20 (FIGS. 4, 5) ring segments 21 interacting with the pusher 9 and located in the groove 22 of the shaft, and the groove 23 corresponding to these segments in the inner wall of the housing 2. Dies 24 (FIG. 3) of the centralizer 1 are sliding and installed in additional grooves 25 of the housing 2, and the shanks 26 of the dies 24 are provided with dovetail protrusions interacting with mating grooves 27 made on the inclined surfaces of the latch mounted about rigidly on the shaft 7 below the piston 8 and above the sleeve 13. The working surface of the dies 24 is made in the form of protruding screw protrusions 28, which are placed in rows with overlapping calibrating teeth 29 mounted flush with the screw surface of the corresponding protrusions 28.

The device operates as follows.

Using the thread 15 (FIG. 1) of the hollow shaft 7, the device is connected to the drill pipe string (not shown in FIG.) And lowered into the well (not shown in FIG.). In this case, the housing 2 is fixed from longitudinal movement upward due to the annular segments 21, spring-loaded with springs 20 (Fig. 5) located in the grooves 22 (Fig. 4) of the hollow shaft 7 and the grooves 23 of the housing 2. Dies 24 (Fig. 3) of the centralizer 1 and the blades 5 (figure 1) are in the transport position.

At a given depth of the well, the drill string begins to rotate with the simultaneous supply of flushing fluid (drilling fluid) into it, which, under the action of the pressure drop arising due to the nozzle 14 (Fig. 1), which is located in the sleeve 13 inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow shaft 7, extending through the side hole 16 (figure 4), the hollow shaft 7 into the cavity 10, located between the inner wall 11 of the housing 2 and the outer wall 12 of the hollow shaft 7, acts on the pusher 9. In this case, the pusher 9 acts on the annular seg nti 21, compressing the springs 20, thereby removing the annular segments 21 from the groove 23 of the housing 2, which in turn begins to move upward relative to the piston 8. The shanks 19 (figure 1) of the blades 5 are pushed onto the sleeve 13 and exit from the grooves 4 of the housing 2 in the working position, and the dies 24 (Fig. 3) of the centralizer 1 with protrusions 26 of the "dovetail" type, interacting with mating grooves 27 made on the inclined surfaces of the latch mounted rigidly on the hollow shaft 7 below the piston 8 (Fig. 1) and above the sleeve 13, are advanced from the grooves 25 (figure 3), thereby also leaving to working position. The hollow shaft 7, located in the central passage channel 3 of the housing 2, transmits torque to the housing 2 and, accordingly, to the blades 5 and dies 24 (Fig. 3) by means of surfaces 17 and 18 (Fig. 2), which prevent turning. The rock-breaking elements 6 of the blades 5 at the same time cut into the rock and the predetermined interval of the well expands, and the protruding screw protrusions 28 (Fig. 3) of the dies 24, on which the calibrating teeth 29 are placed in rows overlapping each other, simultaneously center the expander in the well and provide a calibrated trunk strictly required diameter.

At the end of the expansion of the specified interval, the flow of flushing fluid is stopped and the tool begins to rise up. Due to the reaction of the borehole walls, the casing 2 is moved downward relative to the hollow casing 7, thereby folding the dies 24 and blades 5 into the transport position. The springs 20, acting on the annular segments 21, repel the pusher 9 and enter the groove 23 of the casing 2, thereby fixing the expander in transport position.

The proposed device is a reliable and durable design that provides a calibrated wellbore of strictly necessary diameter along the entire length of the expandable interval, which does not create additional load on the drill pipe and multiplies the armament resource of the expander.

Claims (4)

1. Extensible extender calibrator, comprising a centralizer, a housing with a central passage channel and grooves, blades equipped with rock cutting elements and tooth-shaped protrusions, fixed in the grooves of the housing with the possibility of extension, and a mechanism for extending the blades into position, containing a hollow shaft with a piston located in the passage channel of the housing, the pusher installed in the cavity formed by the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall of the hollow shaft, and a sleeve is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow shaft, characterized the fact that the hollow shaft at the top is threaded for connection with the downhole equipment, the side hole and is mounted with rotation lock relative to the body, the blades are equipped with shanks that interact with the hollow shaft sleeve when the blades are extended to the working position, and the device for locking the blades in the idle position, containing radially spring-loaded annular segments interacting with the plunger and located in the groove of the shaft, and a groove corresponding to these segments in the inner wall of the housing, ki the centralizer formed and mounted in a sliding housing additional grooves and tangs plates provided with protuberances of the "dovetail" interacting with mating grooves provided on the inclined latch surfaces, is rigidly mounted on the shaft above and below the piston sleeve. 2. The extender-calibrator retractable according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surface of the dies is made in the form of protruding screw protrusions, on which calibrating teeth are placed in rows with overlapping each other, mounted flush with the screw surface of the corresponding protrusions. 3. The extender-calibrator sliding according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the described circle of the dies in the working position is 1-2% less than the diameter of the described circle of the blades. 4. The extender-calibrator retractable according to claim 1, characterized in that the dies are as many as the blades, and they are located with an offset of half the angle relative to the blades.

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