RU2494180C1 - Unit for automated performance of preparatory-cutting operations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: unit for automated performance of the preparatory-cutting operations comprises: full-hole double-drawing machine, pointing device with a light sensor to determine the geometric parameters of the leather, paired with a video camera for the detection of leather defects and their localisation, cutting machine having a pointing device with a vibrating blade, an industrial robot to collect and layout of parts in storage hoppers. All the devices are combined by the integrated transport system and are controlled by the central computer. The transport system comprises working platforms with flexible vacuum tubes fixating the leather, own drives which control the position by the photo sensors, the railtrack with the upper and lower branches, and the initial and end parts of the upper branch are equipped with pulling out pneumo-mechanisms, and also the lifts of the platforms.

EFFECT: increased productivity and quality of operations due to automation.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of footwear production, namely to the automation of preparatory cutting production to increase productivity and quality of operations, reduce the number of operators, to implement the stage of complex automation of footwear production.

State of the art

The closest in technical essence is the set of technical solutions selected for the prototype, combined by the technological process of carrying out preparatory cutting operations.

Literary source: Shoe production (introduction to the specialty): Textbook. allowance (S.P. Aleksandrov and others). Russian Correspondence Institute of Textile and Light Industry. M.: 2009 .-- 376 p.

The prototype consists of certain types of equipment that perform a certain sequence of operations, and the semi-finished product is transferred from machine to machine manually and a number of operations are performed by machine-manual method.

Types of equipment used: digitizer, computer with software, graphic display, cutting machine, dvilno-tape machine for leveling parts.

On a digitizer with a large tablet area of at least A1 format, the operator, having laid the skin on the desktop, manually digitizes the skin contour with a special pen or mouse, while the operator, relying on knowledge of skin defects, again manually bypasses the defective areas with a special pen or mouse , and also captures base marks for positioning the skin. The received information is transmitted to a computer software device, which transforms it into a virtual image on a graphic display. For a given set of parts, previously digitally entered into a computer and using special software, the operator arranges the parts on a virtual image of the skin, bypassing the defective areas. Due to the fact that each skin has its own individual configuration and defects, the layout of the parts is carried out with the participation of the operator. Then another operator transfers the skin from the digitizer tablet to the cutting machine’s desktop, positions the skin at the base points and projects onto the skin, in the form of light lines, the previously obtained virtual layout of the parts for final control and, if necessary, adjustments. Functional motion commands are sent from the computer to the coordinate device and to turn on / off the vibratory knife. The process of cutting the skin to the specified types and sizes of parts. Next, the operator manually collects and completes the cut parts and transfers them to the dowel-tape machine for piecewise alignment of their thickness. Then again the collection and assembly of the aligned parts is carried out to transfer them to subsequent operations.

Thus, in the prototype, two positioning operations are performed on the digitizer tablet and on the cutting machine desktop; two operations manual collection and assembly of parts after cutting and alignment according to the thickness of the parts; defect detection and digitalization of the circuit is done manually with a light pen or mouse, alignment of parts is carried out piece by piece in a low-performance sequential way.

Reasons that prevent obtaining the desired result

The prototype has a number of fundamental disadvantages, such as:

- a number of operations are duplicated - this is positioning on the digitizer tablet and on the desktop of the cutting machine; collecting and completing parts after cutting parts on a cutting machine and after the operation of leveling by thickness on a narrow aisle dowel-ribbon machine;

- a number of operations or a significant part of them are performed manually - this is digitalization, collection and assembly of parts;

- the operation of piecewise alignment by thickness is performed in an inefficient sequential manner;

- modern automation and robotics tools are not used to a sufficient extent - this is optical defect recognition, collection and address storage of parts.

Disclosure of invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of improving the productivity and quality of the pre-cutting shoe production by automating the operations of recognizing skin defects, determining their geometric parameters, collecting and laying out cut details; due to the application of the progressive parallel-sequential method in operations of skin doubling and determination of the geometric parameters of the skin and the recognition and localization of defects, due to a single positioning of the skin on the working platform.

A significant difference of the invention is that with the help of a dowel-tape machine having a wide passage and installed at the beginning of the preparatory cutting process, the entire skin is aligned in thickness, which improves productivity. Another significant difference is the applied product transportation system on work platforms with their own drive and connection to flexible vacuum tubes. On the working platform, leather is laid that has undergone an operation of alignment in thickness, there are base lines for positioning the skin, applied to the upper surface of the working platform and flexible vacuum tubes for fixed skin pressure to the working platform.

The working platform with the product, moving in a direct course from one processing position to another, has a set movement step from its own drive and additional fixation in the required position, for example, using photodiodes. The return of the working platforms to their original position is carried out along the lower branch of the rails, where they fall from the upper branch of the rails, using two pneumatic mechanisms for sliding the rails and two elevators. A significant difference is the connected light sensor and video camera, driven by a coordinate device, which ensures the simultaneous receipt of information about the geometry of the skin and its defects in a central computer.

At the last position of the unit for the automated execution of preparatory cutting operations, where the leather cut onto parts with the vacuum clamp turned off arrives on the working platform, there is an industrial robot, which, on commands from the central computer, collects and arranges the cut-out parts for store-stores.

In conclusion of this section, we present its main provisions:

- an assembly for automated preparatory cutting operations, contains the following components: a wide-pass dividing machine, a coordinate device with a light sensor for determining the geometric parameters of the skin paired with a video camera for detecting skin defects and their localization, a cutting machine with a coordinate device with a vibro-knife , an industrial robot for the collection and layout of parts for drive stores, integrated by a single transport system and controlled by a central e VM

- the transport system comprises working platforms with flexible vacuum tubes fixing the skin, own drives controlling the position of the photodiodes, a rail track with upper and lower branches, the initial and final parts of the upper branch equipped with sliding pneumatic mechanisms, as well as platform lifts;

- the unit includes or is connected to a central computer, which is equipped with software that processes information from the sensors of the unit into commands for a cutting machine, industrial robot, and the transport system of the unit.

Technical result

Using the proposed invention will improve productivity when performing preparatory cutting operations for digitalizing the skin contour, identifying and localizing defects, collecting and completing parts, eliminating duplicate operations, such as: positioning the skin, collecting and completing parts; the use of a more advanced processing method — alignment across the thickness of the entire skin instead of the low-performance method used in the prototype — piecewise alignment along the thickness of the parts.

In addition, the current level of technology allows you to replace the manual operations with automated ones and, therefore, perform them more accurately, which ensures an increase in the quality of operations.

The components of the proposed unit are connected by a single transportation and control system with clearly separated information and power flows.

The transport system of the proposed unit, consisting of self-moving work platforms, a rail with upper and lower branches, hoisting and lowering mechanisms (hoists) and pneumatic actuators that slide the rails at the beginning and at the end of the upper branch, provide clearly-fixed movement of the working platforms with positioned skin from one machine to another and the return of working platforms from the last operation to the original.

In the proposed unit, the operations of digitalization of the skin contour, base points, measurement of the skin area, as well as the determination of skin defects, their size and location are performed automatically using a progressive parallel-serial method.

List of drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a unit for preparatory cutting operations, including a dowel-tape machine, devices for determining the geometric parameters of the skin and its defects, a cutting device, an industrial robot, a transport system, store-stores and bunkers.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a system for transporting work platforms, their directions of forward and reverse movement, raising and lowering, as well as the direction of the rails.

Figure 3 shows the technogram of the operations of automated preparatory cutting production, a list of actuators, the duration of operations and the cycle period.

Figure 4 shows the functioning of the central computer.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

Description of the structure in a static state

The unit is a system consisting of four structures, and the last three are combined by a single transport system (figure 1). An operator is provided for servicing the unit, and a central computer for monitoring and control.

The first design, located at the inlet of the unit, is a dowel-belt machine with a wide passage that provides processing, that is, alignment of the thickness of whole leathers. The result of the processing is leather 1, aligned in thickness and split, directed into the hopper for split.

The second design is a coordinate device 2 with sensors located on it - a light sensor 3, designed to determine the geometric parameters of the skin and base points, and a video camera 4 for defectoscopy of the skin and localization of defects.

Under the sensors is a work platform 5 with skin laid on it according to baseline 6, available on the upper surface of the work platform 5. The position of the work platform with the skin is fixed by photodiodes relative to the initial position of the coordinate device, and the position of the skin on the work platform 5 is maintained by flexible vacuum tubes attached to the working platform through the fitting 7.

The third design of the unit is a coordinate device with a vibro-knife 8, designed to cut parts from the skin according to the commands received by the coordinate device and the mechanism of the vibro-knife 7 from the central computer.

The fourth design of the unit is an industrial robot 9 with an air gripper 10, designed to collect and lay out the cut out parts in store-stores 11 and remove waste into the inter-model waste bin 12.

The design of the unit is combined by a single transport system, which is a working platform 5 with a drive 13 (Fig. 1), two branches of the rail track - the upper branch 14 and the lower branch 15 (Fig. 2), a pneumatic mechanism 16 for sliding and closing the initial and final parts of the upper rail branches (Fig. 1), a hoist 16 (Fig. 1) for lowering and raising the working platform 5 (Figs. 1 and 2) when moving from one branch of the rails to another.

Unit action (operation)

The unit operates as follows. The skin to be processed, brought from the warehouse, is fed by the operator to the dowel-tape machine, adjusted to the required thickness of the leveled skin. Leather 1 (FIG. 1), aligned in thickness, and split leather coming into the hopper come out of the dowling and banding machine. Next, the operator puts the skin 1, aligned in thickness, on the work platform 5, which is in a fixed position under the coordinate device 2. Skin 1 is positioned by the operator along the baseline 6, which are mutually perpendicular lines, so that the line of the skin ridge is perpendicular to one of these lines and parallel to another. The skin 1 is held in position by pressing it with flexible vacuum tubes connected to the working platform 5 by means of a fitting 7. The coordinate device 2 located above the skin 1 informs the light sensor 3 and the camcorder 4 mounted on it in plane-parallel motion, as a result of which the skin 1 is scanned a light sensor 3 and a video camera 4, which serve to determine the geometric parameters of the skin, recognition and localization of its defects. Information from the light sensor 3 and the camcorder 4 enters the central computer. Next, the working platform 5 with the skin 1, under the action of the drive 13, moves to the next fixed position under the coordinate device with the vibro-knife 8. The free working platform for laying skin on it comes in its place from the lower branch 15 (Fig. 2) , measurement and defect determination.

The information received from the light sensor 3 and the video camera 4, together with the specifications, is processed by the central computer into commands for moving the vibro-knife 8 and the vertical movement of its blade. The skin is cut into parts according to the specified types and sizes.

After the operation of cutting parts is completed, the working platform with the skin cut into parts is moved under the action of its own drive to the operation for the collection and layout of parts. In its place comes a working platform with skin from a previous operation. An industrial robot 9, acting on a command from a central computer, with the help of a pneumatic capture 10 carries out the collection and layout of cut-out parts for the respective store-drives, as well as inter-model waste in the bunker 12.

The transport system of the unit operates as follows. All working platforms 5 are equipped with a drive 13 (figure 1), receiving commands from the central computer for a fixed movement at the end of the stroke. In addition, to monitor the position of the working platform at each position, the latter is equipped with photosensors for recording the position of the working platform.

At the final position, when the industrial robot 9 assembled the cut-out parts and put them into storage magazines 11 and put intermodel waste into the bunker 12, the lift located there, similar to the lift 17 to the position of laying the skin, determining its geometry and defects, lifts the freed up from cut-out parts and waste working platform. The pneumomechanism located at the final position, similar to the pneumomechanism 16 at the position of laying the skin, determining its geometry and defects, pushes the rails, making it possible to lower the working platform, free from parts and waste, using the elevator to the lower branch 15 (Fig. 2) of the rail track .

On a command from the central computer, the working platform, placed on the lower branch of the rails, moves in the opposite direction to the position of laying the skin, determining its geometry and defects, which is free by this time, since the working platform 5 with the skin has moved to the position of cutting parts.

The pneumomechanism 16 (Fig. 1), on a command from the central computer, extends the rail track to the position of laying the skin, determining its geometry and defects, and the elevator 17 raises the working platform located on the lower branch 15 (Fig. 2) of the rail track above the upper branch 14 ( figure 2). The pneumatic mechanism 16 (figure 1) shifts the rails of the upper branch 14 (figure 2) and the lift 17 (figure 1), lowers and sets the working platform 5 to the outgoing position. This completes the return cycle of the working platforms.

Operations on the unit are performed in parallel-sequential manner according to the technologram shown in figure 3.

The cycle period, as shown in the technologram, is determined from the moment the operator starts positioning the skin on the work platform until the next skin arrives at the same operation.

The operation of measuring the geometry of the skin and flaw detection is performed after laying the skin on a working platform.

The operation of cutting leather and collecting, layout of parts can be combined with the positioning operation, which is shown in figure 3.

After the industrial robot completes the operation for collecting and laying out parts, the lift located there raises the working platform, freed from the parts, and the adjacent pneumatic mechanism pushes the rails. Next, the elevator lowers the working platform to the lower branch of the rails, and the adjacent pneumomechanism closes the extended rails on the upper branch. The working platform, lowered onto the lower branch of the rails, carries out the reverse movement to the initial position, which is combined with the closure of the rails.

Direct movement of work platforms along the upper branch of the rails is possible if two conditions are met - completion of work operations (measurement, flaw detection, cutting, collection and layout) and closing of the rails in the final operation, which is shown in the technogram as “direct movement of work platforms”. Upon completion of the direct movement of the working platforms along the upper branch of the rails, the skin-laying position is freed from the working platform, and then the pneumomechanism of this position extends the rails of the upper branch, its lift lifts the working platform from the lower branch of the rails above the upper branch of the rails, then the rails are closed and the working platform is lowered on them. From this moment, the operation of laying and positioning the skin on the working platform begins and the cycle repeats.

The central computer that controls the unit issues commands to scan the skin, determines its geometry, defects and their localization, processing the information received along with previously entered technical specifications and software, sends commands for cutting parts, collecting and layout them, as well as commands for movement working platforms, lifts and pneumomechanisms, sliding rails (figure 4).

Claims (3)

1. The unit for the automated preparatory cutting operations, containing the following components: wide-pass dividing machine, coordinate device with a light sensor for determining the geometric parameters of the skin, paired with a video camera for detecting skin defects and their localization, cutting machine having a coordinate device with vibro-knife, industrial robot for collecting and laying out parts for store-stores, united by a single transport system and controlled centrally th computer. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that its transport system comprises working platforms with flexible vacuum tubes fixing the skin, own drives controlling the position of the photosensors, a rail track with upper and lower branches, the initial and final parts of the upper branch being equipped with sliding pneumatic mechanisms as well as platform lifts. 3. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes or is connected to a central computer, which is equipped with software that processes information from the sensors of the unit into commands for a cutting machine, industrial robot and the transport system of the unit.

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