RU2486471C1 - Measurement-navigation complex installed on ice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: complex comprises the following components installed in a single thermostatted body: a control unit, a unit of coordinates detection according to a satellite navigation system, a unit of atmosphere condition identification, connected to a transceiving device. Besides, the complex comprises a power supply unit connected to power-consuming units. Besides, the control unit is made as capable of connecting units of coordinates detection according to the satellite navigation system, detection of ice cover thickness and detection of atmosphere condition, and also the transceiving device to receive a control signal and to transfer telemetry of complex board systems conditions.

EFFECT: possibility to do monitoring of ice and environment condition with simultaneous detection of complex location coordinates, higher safety when navigating vessels in ice.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of automated monitoring of the environment, namely, the state of the atmosphere and ice, while simultaneously determining the coordinates of the complex’s own location and transmitting the received information via a radio channel and can be used as a means of environmental monitoring in the ice movement zone for safe navigation of vessels along the northern sea ways and ensuring the safety of oil and gas and hydraulic infrastructure on the shelf and in the coastal zone in the Arctic ryah and ice conditions, including drifting.

Known (US patent 3449950) is an environmental monitoring complex containing a set of sensors of physical quantities (water and air temperature, wind strength and direction, etc.) mounted on an anchored buoy.

A disadvantage of the known complex should be recognized as the inability to control the state of ice, as well as the immobility of the location of the buoy.

Known (RU, patent 2196347) is a complex of environmental environmental control, which contains a heat-insulating casing with a lid, inside of which are placed monitoring systems, measurements with devices and assemblies, a drainage tank, a system for collecting and removing moisture condensate, made in the form of a grid of moisture-absorbing material.

Known (RU, patent 2197743) is a complex of environmental monitoring of the environment, containing a sealed housing with a streamlined cover, and measuring instruments are placed inside the housing, and a weather tower in the form of a pipe with sensor meteorological equipment is fixed on the housing.

The disadvantages of the known complexes of environmental environmental monitoring are the high weight and size parameters, the inability to remotely monitor, the insufficient amount of information about the state of the environment, as well as the unsuitability for determining the characteristics of ice and battery life.

During the patent information search, no technical solution was identified that, by design and purpose, can be used as the closest analogue of the developed complex.

The technical problem solved by the developed device is to provide the ability to monitor the state (thickness) of ice and the environment while simultaneously determining the coordinates of the location of the complex.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed device is to increase the safety of safe pilotage in ice and ensure the safety of oil and gas and hydraulic infrastructure on the shelf and in the coastal zone in the arctic seas and in ice, including drift.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use the developed measuring and navigation system mounted on ice. The developed measuring and navigation complex installed on ice contains a control unit installed in a single thermostatic housing, a satellite navigation coordinate determination unit, an atmosphere state determination unit connected to a transceiver device, and a power supply unit connected to power-consuming units. The control unit may be based on a microprocessor. The unit for determining the coordinates of the satellite navigation system can be performed on the basis of satellite navigation systems GPS and GLONASS. As a unit for measuring the state of the atmosphere, a meteorological probe can be used. As the power supply, a rechargeable battery, preferably configured to be rechargeable, can be used. The hull of the complex is mainly made with the possibility of installation from the side of an aircraft or a craft. It is made with a displaced center of gravity, which ensures vertical fixation of the complex on the ice. The housing may contain an anchor system melted into ice due to the action of the battery. The anchor system can be made in the form of a rod, melted into ice. In this case, the rod can be used as a means of measuring the thickness of the ice. In addition, one of the thermocouple elements can be fixed on the rod (the second element is located above the ice surface), while the electric charge generated by the thermocouple enters the battery. Also, a wind generator mounted on a retractable mast in the upper part of the housing can be used to recharge the battery. The mast can also be used as an antenna for transceivers.

Preferably, the atmospheric condition determination unit is configured to determine wind speed, temperature and air humidity.

Depending on the operating conditions and the purpose of the complex, the control unit may be configured to include coordinate determination units using a satellite navigation system, determine the thickness of the ice cover and determine the state of the atmosphere, as well as a transceiver device for receiving a control signal. But there is a possible implementation option for the control unit when the inclusion of coordinate determination units by the satellite navigation system and determination of the state of the atmosphere, as well as the transceiver device, occurs according to a predetermined program.

Each used complex has its own individual code (identification number - ID), which is given in all radiograms sent by the complex.

The control unit is preferably selected with the possibility of receiving control signals from a stationary monitoring station and transmitting them to the coordinate determination units using a satellite navigation system, determining the thickness of the ice cover and determining the state of the atmosphere, as well as a transceiver device.

It is desirable that the control unit can also monitor the state of the battery with the transfer of information about its condition to a stationary monitoring post.

The developed complex provides the following functions:

- reception of signals from navigation satellite constellations;

- broadcasting (via satellite channels) of collected data on-line (at a given time):

- about own coordinate at present;

- about the thickness of the ice on which it is currently located;

- about wind speed, pressure and humidity and temperature (if necessary).

The installation and use of the complexes at a given distance provides the opportunity to create a network of information systems in the control system for the movement of ice and its condition for the safe escort of ships along the Northern Sea Route and to ensure the safety of oil and gas and hydraulic infrastructure on the shelf and in the coastal zone in the arctic seas and in icy conditions cover, including drift.

The main feature of the system created by using ice-mounted complexes is the ability to provide precise technical control of the ice state and its thickness, which allows using special software products to accurately predict the time and quality of formation of hummocks, ice displacement and formation of ice conditions impassable for the icebreaker fleet. .

In the basic version, the developed complex works as follows.

The formed complex with a charged battery from the side of the helicopter is thrown over the ice. Due to the use of the hull structure (“vanka-vstanka”), the hull is oriented with its heavy lower part towards the ice cover of the water area. After contact with ice, according to the control signal of the control unit, the anchor system is released from the body and melted by heating from the battery into the ice surface. After fixing the hull in the ice surface, the mast rises from the hull with a wind generator and sensors for temperature and humidity, as well as wind speed. Simultaneously with the use of the satellite navigation system, the geographical coordinates of the location of the complex are determined. The received information in the control unit is converted into a numerical code and, through the transceiver, is sent to a stationary monitoring post. Subsequently, periodically, according to the program embedded in the control unit, or by the control signal from the stationary monitoring station, the parameter measurement operation is repeated. The battery charging system is always on.

Thus, the use of the developed complex makes it possible to increase the level of safe pilotage of ships in ice and the safety of oil and gas and hydraulic infrastructure facilities on the shelf and in the coastal zone in the arctic seas and in ice conditions, including drift.

Claims (4)

1. A measuring and navigation system mounted on ice, characterized by the presence of a control unit installed in a single thermostatic housing, a satellite navigation coordinate determination unit, an atmospheric condition determination unit connected to a transceiver device, and a power supply unit connected to power-consuming units, the control unit is configured to include units for determining coordinates by a satellite navigation system, determining the thickness of the ice cover and about definiteness atmospheric conditions, as well as the TRD signal to obtain a control and telemetry transmission status onboard systems complex. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an electric energy generator connected to the input of the power supply unit. 3. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of installing it from the aircraft. 4. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for determining the state of the atmosphere is configured to determine wind speed, temperature, pressure and humidity.