RU2455443C2 - Furniture fittings for rotation of folds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: furniture fittings for rotation of folds, in particular, in cabinet furniture, comprising a rotary part (4), joined with a fold (3) and installed on two guide levers (7, 9), and a fastening plate (20), joined with a furniture casing (2), besides, on the fastening plate (20) there are two levers (11, 12) installed, from which the first lever (11) is hingedly joined with both guide levers (7, 9), and the second lever (12) is hingedly joined with one guide lever (7), differing by the fact that on the lever (11, 12) or the guide lever (7, 9) there is a connection element (30, 30', 50, 60, 70), arranged as capable of displacement by means of an electric drive (32, 55, 67, 73) for displacement of a rotary part (4), besides, the connection element (30, 30') at one side is fixed on a gear wheel (33, 33') at a certain distance from its axis (34) of rotation, and at the opposite side - on the hinged axis (13) between the lever (11) and the guide lever (7).

EFFECT: creation of fittings for rotation of a fold, which is connected in a simple manner with a drive for automatic opening and closing of a rotary part.

12 cl, 5 dwg

Description

This invention relates to furniture fittings for pivoting sashes, in particular cabinet furniture, comprising a pivot piece connected to the sash and mounted on two guide levers, and a mounting plate connected to the furniture body, two levers being installed on the mounting plate, of which the first the lever is pivotally connected to both guide levers, and the second lever is pivotally connected to one guide lever.

There is furniture fittings in which the sash is turned up to gain access inside. Such fittings for turning the leaves are used, in particular, in the wall elements of kitchen furniture. If the sash is in the open position, the user often has to reach up to close it again. This is perceived as an embarrassing action, and not every user can open and close the doors located at the top.

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to create accessories for turning the sash, which is easily connected to the drive to automatically open and close the rotary part.

This problem is solved thanks to the accessories with the features of paragraph 1 of the claims.

According to the invention, a fitting is provided in the accessories on the lever or the guide lever, which can be moved by means of a drive to move the rotary part. Placing the connecting element on the lever or the guide lever has the advantage that the fittings can be mounted on the furniture so that it functions without a drive unit, and in certain applications it may be retrofitted with a drive. Moreover, the installation of the connecting element on the lever or the guide lever is relatively not laborious. To enable automatic opening of the fittings, the connecting element is connected to at least one lever, that is, to the movable fitting part.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is connected on a pivot axis with a guide lever and a lever. Installation on an axis, firstly, simplifies installation, and secondly, leads to specified load conditions for drive parts, depending on the opening angle of the rotary part.

For compact design, the drive is located either next to the mounting plate - from the side opposite the turning part, or under the mounting plate. Due to this, the actuator is installed at a relatively large distance from the sash opening area and, thus, is almost invisible.

For ease of use, the rotary part, due to the pressing force or friction, can be fixed in the opening range, preferably in a position open at least by an angle from 45 to 110 °. Thus, the drive can provide the opening of the pivoting part, which can be locked in the desired angular position. Fully open and close the swivel part is not always required.

According to a further embodiment of the claimed invention, a spring is provided by means of which the rotary part is pre-tensioned: in the closed position - into the closed position, and after the part is rotated beyond the dead point - into the open position. The spring can be made in the form of a spiral spring, pneumatic spring, compression spring, tensile spring or other energy accumulators. In this case, thanks to the spring, the force necessary to move the rotary part can be reduced, since part of the weight when opening the sash is compensated by the spring. Thanks to this, the engine can be made relatively small. In addition, to prevent slight protrusion, the spring pulls the sash to the closed position.

Preferably, the drive power of the drive for turning the pivoting part depends on the open position, and the opening angle of the pivoting part at which the maximum permutation force develops is not the opening angle at which the drive consumes the most power. In other words, the actuator is connected to the levers or actuating levers so that in the maximum open position, in which the weight of the leaf acting on the rotary part is maximum, there is a gear ratio, therefore, in this opening range, the maximum power output of the actuator is not required. Thanks to this, the engine can be made a little smaller in comparison with the design in which the power given by the engine is directly proportional to the transmission of forces. Preferably, the power output in this case is at least 10-20% less than the power given by the engine during the construction when the lever or the guide lever is directly driven. In this case, the gear ratio between the engine and the lever or the guide lever, in particular, should not take place over the entire range of rotation, but only at the end of the opening range at which the maximum weights take place.

The drive preferably comprises an electric motor, through transmission connected to the connecting element. At the same time, the connecting element on one side can be mounted on the gear wheel at a certain distance from its axis of rotation, and on the opposite side, on the hinge axis between the lever and the guide lever. Due to this, it is possible to provide a drive device in which standard parts, such as gears, are used. To ensure quick opening, the connecting element can achieve a maximum opening speed of the pivoting part in the middle of the pivoting range of the pivoting part at a constant rotation speed of the drive. This is due to the fact that the user tends to quickly open the sash in the middle of the rotation range, but does not want to be frightened at first by the pop-up sash or feel discomfort due to loud noise due to a strong impact of the sash at the end of the open position. For this reason, rotation at different speeds is preferred.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is coupled to a spindle drive. This drive for moving pivoting fittings can also be easily installed on a mounting plate or other part. In addition, it is possible to provide a drive with a system of levers moved by a winded cable. To drive the fittings, it is also possible to provide a pivot arm fixed in the center of the arm hinge and actuated in a section extending beyond this arm.

The invention is explained in more detail below. In the explanation, there are links to several construction examples and the accompanying drawings. The drawings show the following:

on figa-1C presents various views of the fittings according to the claimed invention in various open positions;

on fig.1D-1F presents several diagrams of mechanical states for the fittings according figa-1C depending on the opening angle;

on figa-2D presents several types of modified fittings in different opening positions;

on figa-3C presents several types of accessories according to the invention with a spindle drive;

on Fig presents a diagram of the mechanical states for the fittings according to figa-3C;

on figa-4C presents several types of another variant of accessories in various opening positions;

on fig.4D and 4E presents two diagrams of the mechanical states for the fittings according figa-4C;

On figa and 5B presents two types of hardware according to another embodiment of the claimed invention.

On figa shows the fittings 1 mounted on the cabinet 2 of furniture, preferably cabinet furniture, to provide upward rotation of the sash 3. For this, an angular pivot 4 is attached to the sash 3, which has a hinge axis in a portion 5 located perpendicular to the plane of the sash 3 6, on which the guide lever 7. is mounted. At a certain distance from the axis 6, another axis 8 is made in section 5, on which the second guide lever 9 is mounted rotatably.

At the end opposite the pivoting part 4, the guide lever 9 is connected via an axis 16 to a first lever 11, which, via an axis 17, is also pivotally connected to a guide lever 7. At a certain distance from the first lever 11, a second lever 12 is provided, which is on one side by an axis 13 is pivotally connected to the guide lever 7, and from the other end by means of the axis 14 - with the mounting plate 20.

As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, for opening the sash 3, the pivot 4 can be rotated relative to the mounting plate 20. The hardware 1 shown in these drawings refers to hardware with seven pivot axles 6, 8, 16, 17, 13, 14 and 15. The location of these axes, as well as the geometry of the levers 7, 9, 11 and 12 may vary depending on the application.

For easier movement of the rotary part 4 to the open position, a spring 25 is provided, which is fixed at one end to an axis 24, forming the center of the hinge for the lever 21 and the lever 22. The lever 21 is mounted to rotate on the hinge axis 13, and the lever 22 from the side the opposite axis 24, is fixed on the axis 23 provided on the mounting plate 20. From the side opposite the axis 24, the spring 25 is fixed on a pin 26, which is mounted with the possibility of regulation on the screw 27 to adjust the spring tension.

In the closed position of the sash 3, the spring 25 presses the pivoting part 4 into the closed position, while by means of the mechanism for opening the pivoting part 4, the levers 21 and 22 are first moved to each other by the axes 13 and 23 so that the length of the spring 25 initially slightly increases. Only after reaching a certain angle, for example, from 15 ° to 25 °, the length of the spring decreases, and the spring 25 pushes the rotary part 4 to the open position. Thus, after passing the dead center, the opening stroke is supported by the spring 25.

So that the hardware can be opened and closed not only manually, but also automatically, a drive device is provided. The drive device comprises a connecting element 30 in the form of a lever, which is mounted on the hinge axis 13 on one side and on the axis 35 on the gear wheel 33 on the opposite side. The gear wheel 33 is mounted to rotate about axis 34, the axis 35 being located on some distance from the axis 34. The gear wheel 33 can be driven by a motor 32, which is connected to the worm 40 by means of a drive shaft, and by means of several gears 36, 37, 38 and 39 to the gear wheel 33. Thanks to the gears 36-39 provides camping gear ratio, so the size of the motor 32 can be relatively small. If necessary, the gear 31 can also be modified.

In order to automatically open the sash 3, the engine 32 rotates the gear wheel 33 counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. 1A until the position shown in FIG. 1B is first reached. In this position, the line between the axes 13 and 35 of the connecting lever 30 extends almost perpendicular to the imaginary line between the axis of rotation 34 and the axis 35. This means that in this position the opening of the sash 3 is particularly fast, since the movement of the connecting rod 30 and the guide lever 7 occurs almost in a straight line.

With further opening, according to FIG. 1C, the maximum open position of the sash 3 is achieved. In this position, the gear 33 rotates the axis 35 in the direction in which the connecting lever 30 only moves slightly, or rather, rotates in the direction corresponding to the axis line 13 and 35. Therefore, in at the end of the opening, the opening stroke of the sash 3 is relatively slow, while in the middle of the range, the opening of the sash 3 at a constant speed of the gear 33 is fast.

On fig.1D presents a diagram of the mechanical states when opening the fittings 1. Line A shows the force acting on the guide lever 7 on the axis 13. First you need to develop a certain force to open the sash 3 against the force of the spring 25, after which the dead point at which the force the spring 25 acts in the opening direction, and the weight of the sash 3 due to the small opening angle is still relatively small. However, starting from a certain opening angle, the weight of the sash 3 presses on the guide lever 7, and this force all increases to the final position according to figs.

Diagram B is a graphical representation of the torque acting on the gear wheel 33 when the sash is opened 3. Due to the design of the drive device with the connecting rod 30 and the gear wheel 33, the torque at the end of the opening process is again slightly reduced, due to the installation of the axis 35 on the gear 33, since at the end of the opening process the rotation of the wheel 33 causes only a slight movement of the leaf 3.

Diagram C is a schematic representation of the engine power output depending on the opening angle.

1E, engine power according to diagram C is shown in a different resolution, wherein graph D is a plot of engine power versus opening angle. From this it can be seen that, in accordance with the diagram B of the torque on the gear wheel, the engine power just at the end of the opening process no longer increases, but again falls. Due to this, the maximum required engine power is less than, for example, in the case of the engine directly actuating the lever 12. Due to this, the corresponding electric motor can be performed with a relatively small size.

1F schematically shows the power curve of the direct drive, in which the engine, for example, directly drives the lever 12. In this case, the required engine power is increased to a maximum at the end of the opening process, when the weight of the sash 3 is maximum. Due to the higher power consumption at the end of the opening process, the engine has to be designed so that it has the appropriate power.

In the following examples, the fittings, including the mounting plate 20 and the guide levers 7 and 9, as well as the levers 11 and 12 and the rotary part 4 are made as in the first example. For this reason, these details are not described in detail below.

In the case of the accessories shown in FIGS. 2A-2D, the connecting rod 30 ′ is modified and rotatably mounted on the modified gear wheel 33 ′. To first move the sash 3 from the closed position (Fig. 2A) to the ajar position (Fig. 2B), the gear wheel 33 'does not rotate counterclockwise, as in the first example, but clockwise. Due to the further rotation of the gear wheel 33 'clockwise, the sash 3, as can be seen from figs, moves to the maximum open position.

On fig.2D fittings shown in a perspective view. From this drawing it follows that the fittings are made relatively thin and compact. Mechanical forces, torques and powers are the same as in the first embodiment of the claimed invention.

On figa-3C shows another embodiment of the accessories for opening the sash. This accessories contains a rod connecting element 50, which on the axis 13 is rotatably connected with the guide lever 7. In the middle part of the connecting element 50, a lead 54 is installed, which has a travel nut and can move along the rotating spindle 53. The spindle 53 is mounted on the spindle housing 52 and is driven by the motor 55. Due to the rotation of the spindle 53, the travel nut moves together with the lead 54. Thus, it can move the connecting element 50 from the closed position (FIG. 3A) through the middle from closed position (figv) in a fully open position (figs). The spindle drive 51 is mounted on the mounting plate 20.

3D graphically shows the mechanical conditions for the spindle drive 51. The diagram G shows the force on the guide lever 7 in the region of the support 13, and the flow of force on the guide lever 7 increases with increasing opening angle.

The diagram H shows the force acting on the spindle 53, which, in contrast to the force acting on the guide lever G, at the end does not increase but decreases. This is due to the orientation of the spindle 53, mounted at a certain angle to the guide lever 7. Due to this, the corresponding gear ratio in the range of the opening stroke can also be obtained.

As a result of this, engine power is obtained according to diagram I, which at the end is again less than in the middle range.

On figa-4C shows another embodiment of the accessories for opening the sash. In this embodiment, the drive device comprises a connecting element 60 in the form of a lever, via an axis 62 rotatably connected with another lever 61. In addition, the lever 61 is mounted on an additional axis 63 on the furniture body 2 or on a corresponding mounting plate 20. For opening and closing the sash 3 provides a cable 64, which is fixed on the axis 62 on one side and can be wound on the roller 65 on the opposite side. The roller 65 can be rotated by means of a gear sector 66, which is connected to ektrodvigatelem 67.

If you pull the cable 64, the sash 3 first moves from the closed position (figa) to the ajar position (figv). If the cable 64 continues to be wound on the roller 65, the sash opens to the maximum open position, as shown in figs.

Fig. 4D shows the mechanical relationships when opening the fittings. The diagram K shows the force acting on the cable 64 depending on the angle of opening of the leaf 3. The force acting on the cable K passes a maximum that is located at a certain distance from the maximum opening angle. This is due to the fact that the position of the axis 62 when opening the accessories changes, and the balance of forces becomes more favorable. On the contrary, the diagram J shows the force acting on the guide lever 7 in the region of the axis 13. This force continuously increases with an increase in the opening angle.

Diagram L shows the engine power required when opening the leaf 3. Since the force exerted on the cable decreases again at the end of the opening stroke, the motor power at the end of the opening stroke also decreases, therefore, motor 67 can be made relatively small.

Fig. 4E shows, on an enlarged scale, the power curve of the engine in the case of a drive device with a cable 64. Diagram M shows a power curve in which different power is required from the motor 67, depending on the opening angle, even at the maximum opening angle, despite sash weight 3, power again drops a little.

On figa shows another embodiment of the accessories for opening the sash. In this embodiment, the guide lever 7 is driven by the connecting element 70, made in the form of a lever, which can rotate around an axis 71, which is simultaneously the axis 14 of the lever 12. In addition, the connecting element 70 is connected via the axis 72 to the guide lever 7, the axis 72 is identical to the axis 13. However, the connecting element 70 extends beyond the lever 12 and comprises a drive 73, which can be rotated together with the connecting element 70. By means of a gear wheel, the drive 73 interacts with the gear sector 74, which not fixed and fixed, for example, on the mounting plate 20. Due to the rotation of the connecting element 70 around the axis 71, the guide lever 7 and the pivoting part 4 are moved, as a result of the sash 3 moving from the closed position (Fig. 5A) to the open position (Fig. 5B) .

In the shown embodiments of the invention, the opening and closing of the fittings only with the use of the drive is explained. Of course, instead, you can open and close hardware manually. In this case, a clutch is provided between the drive and the coupling element as a safety clutch, for example, a friction clutch mounted on the gear, allowing manual movement of the rotary part relative to the mounting plate.

In addition, the hardware drive can be connected to the controller in order to open or close using buttons, switches, sensors or remote control. In addition, contact sensors, radio sensors, as well as other sensors and switches can be installed on the furniture cabinet for the controller.

Claims (11)

1. Furniture fittings for turning the sashes, in particular cabinet furniture, containing a pivot part (4) connected to the sash (3) and mounted on two guide levers (7, 9), and a mounting plate (20) connected to the body ( 2) furniture, moreover, two levers (11, 12) are installed on the mounting plate (20), of which the first lever (11) is pivotally connected to both guide levers (7, 9), and the second lever (12) is pivotally connected to one guide lever (7), characterized in that on the lever (11, 12) or the guide lever (7, 9) is provided a connecting the th element (30, 30 ', 50, 60, 70), made with the possibility of movement by means of an electric drive (32, 55, 67, 73) to move the rotary part (4), and the connecting element (30, 30') with one the side is fixed on the gear wheel (33, 33 ') at a certain distance from its axis of rotation (34), and on the opposite side, on the hinge axis (13) between the lever (11) and the guide lever (7). 2. Furniture fittings according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (30, 30 ', 50, 60, 70) on the hinge axis (13) is connected with the guide lever (7) and the lever (12). 3. Furniture accessories according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive (32, 55, 67, 73) is installed next to the mounting plate (20) from the side opposite the turning part (4). 4. Furniture accessories according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotary part (4) is made with the possibility of fixation due to pressing and friction forces in the opening range, preferably in a position open at least from an angle of 45 to 110 °. 5. Furniture accessories according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a spring (25) is provided, by means of which the rotary part (4) in the closed position is pre-tensioned in the closed position, and after turning the rotary part (4) through the dead point, open position. 6. Furniture hardware according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive power (33, 55, 67) for turning the rotary part (4) is different and the opening angle of the rotary part (4), at which the maximum control force develops, differs from opening angle at which the drive (32, 55, 67) consumes the greatest power. 7. Furniture accessories according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive (32, 55, 67, 73) contains an electric motor connected via a transmission (36-39) to a connecting element (30, 30 ', 50, 60, 70 ) 8. Furniture accessories according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting element (30, 30 ') in the middle of the rotation range of the rotary part (4) at a constant speed of the drive (32) reaches the maximum opening speed of the rotary part (4). 9. Furniture accessories according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8, characterized in that the connecting element is connected to a spindle drive (52-54). 10. Furniture accessories according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8, characterized in that the drive has a system of levers (60, 61) moved by a winded cable (64). 11. Furniture fittings according to one of claims 1, 2 and 8, characterized in that the connecting element comprises a pivot arm (70) mounted in the center (71) of the lever hinge (12) and actuated in a section extending beyond the lever (12).

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