RU2451847C2 - Method of flexibility control and device for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: working body is pushed in or our through capsule nipples of spring element chambers from spherical elastic oiled capsules to control the flexibility of the spring elements. A device has working and shock-absorbing chambers separated by a power piston and filled with the working body from the spherical elastic oiled capsules with an elastic membrane filled a nonfreezable fluid. Each chamber is equipped with a capsule nipple pushing additional capsules into the chambers to compensate flexibility losses by spherical springs with an attached portable capsule pump.

EFFECT: higher reliability of the spring elements.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in various modes of transport.

A known method of discrete regulation of elasticity of various spring elements, consisting in the fact that for their manufacture using materials with predetermined elastic properties, from which spring elements are made with a given section, providing a given elasticity, "Big Soviet Encyclopedia", "Soviet Encyclopedia", M. 1970, Volume 1, p. 544.

The disadvantage of this method is the loss during operation of the elastic properties due to a structural change in the material from which the spring materials are made.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the spring elements when changing their operating conditions and loss of elasticity.

In the proposed method, the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that through the capsule-nipples of the chambers of the spring elements push or push the working fluid out of spherical elastic oiled capsules, thereby regulating the elasticity of the spring elements.

The specified method is implemented by a cylindrical ball spring operating in compression; tensile cylindrical ball spring; torsion ball spring: bending ball spring; ball spring; as well as a capsule pump for pushing capsules into ball spring chambers.

In ball springs that implement the proposed method, the specified technical result is achieved in that they have a working and shock-absorbing chambers separated by a power piston and filled with a working fluid of spherical elastic oiled capsules with an elastic shell filled with non-freezing liquid; each chamber is equipped with a capsule-nipple, made with the possibility, when a portable capsule pump is connected to them, to push additional capsules into the chambers to compensate for the loss of elasticity by ball springs.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 is a General view of a cylindrical ball spring working on compression;

- figure 2 - cylindrical ball bearings operating in tension;

- figure 3 - ball spring, working on torsion;

- figure 4 - ball spring, working in bending;

- figure 5 - ball springs;

- 6 - capsule pump for pushing capsules into the chambers of ball springs.

A method of controlling elasticity is as follows.

They make snap ball springs, make a working fluid from spherical elastic oiled capsules. The working and amortization chambers of ball springs are filled with a working fluid, for which a capsule pump is connected to their capsule-nipples and the capsules of the working fluid are pushed into the chambers of ball springs. In case of loss of elasticity by a ball spring, capsules of the working fluid are additionally pushed. Using capsule nipples, the capsules of the working fluid are expelled from the chambers with an unacceptable increase in the elasticity of ball springs, for example, with an increase in ambient temperature.

Devices for implementing the method of regulating elasticity have the following designs:

- a cylindrical ball spring (figure 1), operating in compression, has a cylindrical annular body 1 with a working 2 and shock absorbing chambers separated by an annular piston 4, rigidly fixed to the plunger 5. The chambers 2 and 3 are filled with spherical elastic oiled capsules 6, in the shells 7 which contain non-freezing fluid 8, for example antifreeze. For pushing into the chambers 2 and 3 of the capsules 6 and pushing them out, capsule nipples 9 and 10 are used. The housing 1 and the plunger 5 have flanges 11 and 12 for attaching a cylindrical ball spring;

- a cylindrical ball spring (figure 2), operating in tension, has a design similar to that described above, with the exception of attachment devices, where instead of flanges there are earrings 11 and 12;

- ball spring, (figure 3), working on torsion, has a cylindrical annular body 1 with a partition 2, dividing it into a working 3 and shock absorbing chambers, formed by an annular cover 5 of the leash with a piston 6. Chambers 3 and 4 are filled with spherical elastic oiled capsules 7 , in the shells 8 of which non-freezing liquid 9 is contained. For capsule 7 and capsule 7 to be pushed into chambers 3 and 4, capsule-nipples 10 and 11 are used;

- ball spring (figure 4), working on bending, has a sector case 1 with a radial cover 2, rigidly mounted on the piston 3, dividing the body 1 on the working 4 and shock absorbing 5 chambers, filled with spherical elastic oiled capsules 6, in the shells 7 which contains non-freezing liquid 8. For pushing into the chambers 4 and 5 of the capsules 6 and pushing them out, capsule-nipples 7 and 8 are used. The piston 3 is rotatable with respect to axis 9;

- the ball spring (figure 5) has a housing 1 with radial caps 2 and 3 of the pistons 4 and 5, dividing it into two working 6 and 7 and two shock absorbing 8 and 9 chambers filled with spherical elastic oiled capsules 10, in the shells 11 of which there is antifreeze liquid 12. For pushing capsules 10 and pushing them into the chambers 6, 7, 8, 9, capsule nipples 13, 14, 15, 16. The pistons 4 and 5 are rotatable relative to the axes 17 and 18;

- the capsule pump has a housing 1 filled with the same working fluid as the ball springs and divided by an annular rotor 2 into an accumulating 3 and a power 4 chamber. The latter has a capsule conduit 5, executions with the possibility of attachment to any capsule-nipple. The annular rotor 2 has radial channels 6, in which pushers 8 are spring loaded 7 by springs; opposite the radial channels 6, there are holes 9 on the surface of the annular rotor 2, in which only one capsule of the working fluid can fit. In the annular rotor 2 there is a copier 10, made with the possibility of pushing out 8 capsules of the working fluid, pushed into the wells 9 in the storage chamber 3 into the power chamber 4 by means of the pusher, increasing the volume of the working fluid and moving it through the capsule conduit 5 to the ball spring chambers. The ring rotor 2 is connected to the actuator 11.

Devices work as follows.

- When compressing a cylindrical ball spring (figure 1), the annular piston 4 is moved by the plunger 5 relative to the housing 1, reducing the volume of the working chamber 2. The spherical elastic oiled capsules 6 are elastically deformed, occupying the volumes of the intercapsular space. This creates an elastic compressive force. After removing the load, the capsules acquire a spherical shape. The piston 4 is pushed due to the elastic forces of the expanded capsules 6.

- When stretching a cylindrical ball spring (figure 2), working in tension, the work is carried out similarly to that described above.

- When twisting the ball spring (figure 3), the cover 5 of the leash with the piston 6 rotates relative to the housing 1, reducing the volume of the working chamber 3. The spherical elastic oiled capsules 7 are elastically deformed, occupying the volumes of the intercapsular space. This creates an elastic twisting force. After removing the load, the capsules 7 acquire a spherical shape. The piston 6 is rotated to its original state due to the elastic forces of the expanded capsules 7.

- When creating bending forces on the ball spring (figure 4), the piston 3 with the cap 2 is rotated at an angle relative to the housing 1 on the axis 9, reducing the volume of the working chamber 4. The spherical elastic oiled capsules 6 are elastically deformed, occupying the volumes of the intercapsular space. This creates an elastic bending force. After removing the bending load, the capsules 6 acquire a spherical shape. The piston 3 rotates to its original state due to the elastic forces of the expanded capsules 6.

- When creating a force on the ball spring (figure 5), the pistons 4 and 5 with the caps 2 and 3 are rotated at some angles relative to the housing 1 on the axes 17 and 18, reducing the volumes of the working chambers 6 and 7. The spherical elastic oiled capsules 10 are elastically deformed, taking volumes of intercapsular space. This creates an elastic bending force of the ball springs. After removing the bending load, the capsules 10 acquire a spherical shape. Pistons 4 and 5 are rotated to their original state due to the elastic forces of the expanded capsules 10.

- If it is necessary to add a working fluid to the ball spring chambers, the capsule conduit 5 of the capsule pump is connected to the corresponding capsule-nipple. When the drive 11 is turned on, the annular rotor 2 begins to rotate, its pusher 8 runs over the copier 10. The capsule of the working fluid, which fell into the hole 9 in the storage chamber 3 and is moved by the annular rotor 2 into the power chamber 4, is pushed into it, increasing the volume of the working fluid in it as a result of which the latter, moving along the capsule conduit, through the corresponding capsule-nipple is pushed into the ball spring chamber.

Claims (2)

1. The method of regulating elasticity, which consists in the use of materials with desired elastic properties, from which spring elements are made, characterized in that through the capsule-nipples of the chambers of the spring elements they push or push the working medium out of spherical elastic oiled capsules, which regulates the elasticity of the spring elements. 2. A device that implements the method according to claim 1, having elastic elements, characterized in that the various variants of ball springs have a working and shock-absorbing chamber, separated by a power piston and filled with a working fluid from spherical elastic oiled capsules with an elastic shell filled with non-freezing liquid; each chamber is equipped with a capsule-nipple, made with the possibility, when a portable capsule pump is connected to them, to push additional capsules into the chambers to compensate for the loss of elasticity by ball springs.

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