RU2334460C2 - Device for estimating state of gastro-intestinal tract - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device consists of source of power supply, performing mechanism in the form of multi-electrode probe and identification element connected, by means of connector, with unit of procession and presenting information. Unit of procession and presenting information of device includes NAND remembering device, microconverter, current driver, measuring amplifier, interface with ECM, display and keyboard. Current driver is made in the form of analogous commutator connected with current source, microconverter in the form of microcontroller, connected with ADC and DAC. Measuring device is made in the form of successively connected analogous commutator, regulated amplifier and detector, while identification element is made in the form of microchip.

EFFECT: device has wide diagnostic possibilities, simple design and is safe in application.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, to diagnostic equipment designed to assess structural and functional changes in organs and tissues.

Known devices for assessing the state of human organs [SU 1811379, RU 2103913, 2196505, 2252692].

A device for the study of hemodynamics - ed. testimonial. SU 959751, also related to this group. It contains a number of channels and an alternator, a comparison element made in the form of a differentiated amplifier.

However, it is quite cumbersome due to the duplication of measuring tools in each of the channels. Due to the presence of non-linear elements, the device cannot be precision. In addition, the required channel tune-up may not be acceptable for modern medical equipment.

A device for studying hemodynamics is also known [RU 2019128], containing rheogram sensors connected to a rheograph, cardiogram sensors connected to a cardiograph, connected in series to a processing unit, a calculator and a recorder, an analog-to-digital converter, and a constant parameter memory unit connected to the calculator. Moreover, the first input of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output of the rheograph, the second input to the output of the cardiograph, the first output to the first input of the calculator, and the second output to the input of the processing unit. The processing unit includes a first comparison circuit connected in series, the first input of which is the input of the processing unit, and the second input is connected to the first output of the threshold voltage source, the first counter, the cardiogram parameter block, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the first comparison circuit, and the first output - with the second input of the calculator, a divider, the first input of which is connected to the second output of the cardiogram parameter block, and the second input - with the first input of the cardiogram parameter block and the output of the first count tchika, a second comparison circuit having a first input connected to the output of the divider, a second input coupled to the second output of the threshold voltage source, and an output - to the third input of the calculator and the input of the second counter, the output is connected to the fourth input of the calculator.

This device cannot perform multichannel impedancemetry, in addition, it does not provide monitoring for a long time. None of the described devices provides for the possibility of rheography.

Also known is a "Bridge device for multi-point determination of the impedance characteristics of biological objects" - patent RU 2104668, which contains an alternating voltage generator, four-arm bridge measuring circuit formed by the first, second and third elements, the first and second operational amplifiers, two multiplexers, a scale amplifier, an amplitude rectifier , ADC, computing device, nth number of measuring electrodes for connecting the research object to the fourth arm.

However, this technical solution is rather cumbersome and does not correspond to the modern level of medical technology either in terms of memory capacity or in the accuracy of the information received.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a device that provides an assessment of the state of the gastrointestinal tract (patent WO 2005/089648 A1, class A61D 5/11, 09/29/2005). It contains a power source, an actuator on a multi-electrode probe connected to a unit for processing and displaying information through a connector. The latter includes a processor, a storage device, a computer interface, a display and keyboard, as well as a current driver and a measuring unit.

The objective of the invention is the ability to diagnose and evaluate the effectiveness of stimulation after the treatment process, as well as save the diagnostic results in the memory of the claimed device when monitoring.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that in the device for assessing the condition of the gastrointestinal tract, containing a power source, an actuator in the form of a multi-electrode probe connected through a connector to an information processing and display unit including a storage device, a microcontroller connected to the ADC and DAC , current driver, measuring unit, computer interface, display and keyboard, current driver is made in the form of an analog switch connected to a current source, measuring unit It executes a series-connected analog switch controlled amplifier and detector, and the actuator control element is supplemented probe on the microarray, wherein the analog switches are connected to the electrodes multielectrode probe.

A device with the above characteristics is also claimed in which the information processing and display unit further has a scaling element connected to a power source, a microcontroller, and a measuring unit.

In addition, a device with the above characteristics is claimed, in which the storage device is made on the basis of NAND memory chips.

The technical result of the claimed device. The inventive device is compact, if necessary, miniature with ease of technical implementation, technologically advanced. The ability to analyze the patient's condition can be fully implemented in detail and reliably. The technical result of the invention lies in the possibility of obtaining information from one of the claimed complex on the magnitude of the impedance and on the microcirculation of blood according to the results of rheography. The presence of the inventive device multi-electrode probe allows you to expand the technical capabilities of diagnostics by simultaneously taking characteristics from several points of the investigated area. The introduction of a microconverter in the inventive device circuit allows you to abandon individual ADCs and DACs, increase the speed and volume of processed medical information. The introduction of NAND storage device, which provides long-term monitoring of medical processes due to electronic memory up to 1 GB, allows us to attribute the claimed solution to the class of modern devices. The introduction of the probe control element on the microchip into the actuator allows automatic control over the choice of modes. The original circuit and the connections of its constituent blocks provide a new technical result of the claimed medical device.

NAND storage device - NAND memory is a modern term that reveals a class of devices with non-volatile flash memory. The need for non-volatile flash memory is growing in proportion to the degree of advancement of computer systems in the field of mobile applications. Reliability, low power consumption, small size and low weight are the obvious advantages of flash-based media compared to disk drives. Given the constant reduction in the cost of storing a unit of information in flash memory, media based on it provide more and more advantages and functionality to mobile platforms and portable equipment using such memory. Among the variety of memory types, flash memory based on NAND cells is the most suitable basis for building non-volatile devices for storing large amounts of information [http://www.gaw.ru/html.cgi/txt/publ/memory/index.htm].

The inventive device for assessing the condition of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is illustrated using the drawing, in which the positions 1-22 indicate its blocks and elements:

1 - actuator;

2 - multi-electrode probe;

3 - probe control element on a microchip;

4 - connector;

5 - block processing and displaying information;

6 - current driver;

7 - analog switch;

8 - probe current source;

9 - measuring unit;

10 - analog switch;

11 - adjustable amplifier;

12 - detector;

13 - microconverter;

14 - microcontroller;

15 - ADC;

16 - DAC;

17 - power source;

18 - interface with a computer;

19 - display;

20 - keyboard;

21 - NAND storage device;

22 - element scaling.

The device for assessing the condition of the gastrointestinal tract consists of an actuator 1 made in the form of a multi-electrode probe 2 and a probe control element on a microchip 3 connected through a socket 4 to an information processing and display unit 5, which contains a current driver 6, an analog switch 7, a probe current source 8, a measuring unit 9, including an analog switch 10, an adjustable amplifier 11, a detector 12 connected in series, a microconverter 13, including a microcontroller 14, an ADC 15 and a DAC 16, as well as a source to power 17. The latter creates the necessary voltage to power the above elements and blocks: microconverter 13, current driver 6, measuring unit 9, computer interface 18, display 19, NAND storage device 21, zoom element 22. The connection of the last elements and blocks is carried out as follows: the first input of the scaling element 22 is connected to the output of the measuring unit 9, detector 12 and the first ADC channel 15 of the microconverter 13, the second input is connected to the output of the DAC 16 of the microconverter 13, and the output is from the W th channel ADC 13. The element 15 MicroConverter control probe on the microchip 3 is connected via the connector 4 with MicroConverter bus 13.

The inventive device operates as follows. When you turn on the power source 17, the microconverter 13 sets all the blocks and elements in the initial state, polls the probe control element on the microchip 3 of the actuator 1, tests the voltage of the power source 17 and the current driver 6. When a malfunction is detected, the corresponding diagnostic message is displayed on display 19, Otherwise, a menu is displayed prompting you to select one of the operating modes, for example, diagnostics or rheography, which is selected by pressing the corresponding keys of the keyboard 20.

When working in the diagnostic mode, the multi-electrode probe 2 is inserted into the stomach, after which the impedance of the zones formed by the pairs of electrodes of the probe 2 is sequentially measured. Using the analogue switch 7, a measuring amplitude-stable alternating current is supplied to the selected electrodes from the probe current source 8 of current shaper 6 in the form of a meander, for example, with a frequency of 10 kHz and an amplitude of up to 0.6 mA or a frequency of 200 kHz and an amplitude of up to 1 mA. The measured voltage taken from the same electrodes of the multi-electrode probe 2, proportional to the impedance of the zone, is applied to the measuring unit 9 and is processed as follows. Through the analog switch 10, the measured voltage is supplied to the input of the adjustable amplifier 11, where it is amplified to the required value, converted to a constant voltage by the detector 12 and fed to the first input of the ADC 15 of the microconverter 13. The ADC 15 under the control of the microcontroller 14 converts this voltage to digital data, which necessary to calculate the impedance value.

The impedance is calculated in each zone for two current frequency values. In the standard position of the multi-electrode probe 2, nine of its electrodes are located along the entire lesser curvature of the stomach, and two electrodes remain in the distal part of the esophagus. Low-frequency impedance makes it possible to judge the electrical conductivity of the intragastric medium, which depends on secretory activity and gastric motility. In this mode, gastroesophageal reflux can be recorded.

When operating in the rheography mode, the process of changing the impedance in the selected zone of the multi-electrode probe 2 is monitored. A measuring amplitude-stable alternating current in the form of a meander with a frequency of 200 kHz and an amplitude of up to 1 mA is supplied to the selected zone through an analog switch 7. The measured voltage processed in the measuring unit 9, as described above, is supplied to the first input of the scaling element 22, and the bias voltage from the DAC 16 of the microconverter 13 is supplied to the second input. The data for setting the required scale factor from the microconverter 13 are supplied to the control input of the scaling element 22 . The impedance change voltage thus extracted from the output of the scaling element 22 is supplied to the second input of the ADC 15 of the microconverter 13. The change voltage converted to digital data impedance is used for visual presentation on the display 19 as a rheogram.

In both modes, the data obtained is stored in a NAND memory 21 having a memory capacity sufficient to record the values thus obtained for a long period of time - up to a day or more. This feature allows you to use the device offline without the use of computers. As the NAND storage device 21, data carriers such as SD, MMS memory cards and others based on NAND memory chips can be used.

For example, the ADUC7020 series microcontroller from Analog Device can successfully perform hardware and calculation tasks.

The proposed technical solution is implemented in the tested sample of the device, in which to obtain diagnostic information a multi-electrode probe is used, which is a rubber tube with eleven cylindrical electrodes connected to a connector for connecting to the information processing and display unit. The device undergoes clinical testing in a medical institution and is designed to monitor the intragastric environment by measuring high and low frequency impedance, as well as intragastric rheography. Based on preliminary experimental and clinical observations, the inventive device, equipped with similar probes, can be recommended for examining organs with a similar anatomical structure, such as ureters, fallopian tubes, vagina, intestines. Changing the design of the electrodes greatly expands the capabilities of the device. Important advantages of the claimed device are wide diagnostic capabilities, simplicity of design and control, safety of use.

Claims (3)

1. A device for assessing the condition of the gastrointestinal tract, containing a power source, an actuator in the form of a multi-electrode probe connected through a connector to an information processing and display unit, including a storage device, a microcontroller connected to the ADC and DAC, a current driver, a measuring unit, an interface with a computer, a display and a keyboard, characterized in that the current driver is made in the form of an analog switch connected to a current source, the measuring unit is made in the form of sequentially with union of the analog switch, an adjustable amplifier and detector, and the actuator control element is supplemented probe on the microarray, wherein the analog switches are connected to the electrodes multielectrode probe. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the information processing and display unit additionally has a scaling element connected to a power source, a microcontroller, and a measuring unit. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage device is made on the basis of NAND memory chips.