RU2330829C1 - Crude mixture making heat-insulated foamed concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for heat insulating enclosures of building and other structures. The crude mixture for making heat-insulated foamed concrete contains the following components in mass.%: binding alkaline-microsilica, made by simultaneous heating and mixing liquid alkaline wastes-soap stock and fine-grained spongolite at 80-95°C until obtaining a water solution of sodium silicate with a silicate module 2.7-3.0, 25-35, ferro-chromic slag 4.0-5.6, wastes from sawing earth material with particle size not less than 0.14 mm 10-20, the said wastes with particle size of 0.14-0.63 mm 5-10, the said wastes with particle size of 0.63-1.25 mm 5-15, foaming agent "ПО-ЗНП" 0.08-0.3, dispersed reinforcement 0.4-2.5, water constitutes the remaining part.

EFFECT: lower average density and heat conductivity of foamed concrete.

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Description

The invention relates to building materials, in particular to insulating concrete with a cellular structure, and can be used for thermal insulation of walling of buildings and structures.

Known cellular concrete mixture [1], including Portland cement, fly ash TPP, aluminum powder, synthetic fibers and water.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed invention is a raw mix for the preparation of cellular concrete [2], including Portland cement, rock sawing waste, foaming agent, dispersed reinforcement and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Portland cement 27-32 Rock sawing waste, fr. less than 0.14 mm 15-20 0.14-1.25 mm 10-15 Foaming agent PO-ZNP 0.10-0.25 Dispersion fittings 0.5-2.0 Water rest

The disadvantage of this composition is the high average density and thermal conductivity of aerated concrete.

The technical result of the present invention is to reduce the average density and thermal conductivity of insulating concrete with a cellular structure.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the raw mix for the manufacture of cellular concrete, including binder, waste rock sawing rocks FR. less than 0.14 mm and 0.14-1.25 mm, foaming agent PO-ZNP, dispersed reinforcement and water, contains an alkali-silica binder, made by simultaneously heating and mixing liquid alkaline waste - soap stock and finely divided spongolite at a temperature of 80-95 ° C to obtain an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with a silicate module of 2.7-3.0, and additionally hardener - ferrochrome slag in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

specified binder 25-35 ferrochrome slag 4.0-5.6 specified waste fr. less than 0.14 mm 10-20 specified waste fr. 0.14-0.63 mm 5-10 specified waste fr. 0.63-1.25 mm 5-15 foaming agent PO-ZNP 0.08-0.3 dispersed reinforcement 0.4-2.5 water rest

An alkaline-silica binder (an aqueous solution of sodium silicate) is made by simultaneously heating and mixing a liquid alkaline waste - soap stock and finely divided spongolite of the appropriate composition at a temperature of 80-95 ° С until an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with a silicate module of 2.7-3.0 is obtained.

Spongolite is a siliceous rock (amorphous SiO ₂ ) of the Dagestan deposit. Spongolites of the Dagestan field are used, having the following composition, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 92.23, TiO ₂ - 0.02, Al ₂ O ₃ - 0.55, FeO -0.25, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.55 , CaO - 1.88, MgO - 0.30, SO ₃ - 0.10, P ₂ O ₅ - 0.03, K ₂ O - 0.17, Na ₂ O - 0.20, CO ₂ - 1, 34, other impurities - 2.38. The true density of spongolites is 2.56-2.59 g / cm ³ , porosity is from 5.4 to 16.4%, the strength in a piece in a dry state is 51.6-69.8 MPa.

Soapstock is a liquid waste of alkaline refining of fats, for example, fish oils of the Makhachkala canning factory.

Hardener - ferrochrome slag - waste of electrometallurgical production. Ferrochrome slag contains, wt.%: SiO ₂ 25-30, CaO 40-50, Fe ₂ O ₃ and FeO no more than 1, Al ₂ O ₃ 4-8 and other impurities no more than 20. The fineness of grinding of ferrochrome slag should be such so that at least 70% of the sample passed through sieve No. 008.

Rock sawing waste, for example, limestone sawing, of the following composition, wt.%: CaCO ₃ 85.0-93.0, SiO ₂ 4.0-10.0, Al ₂ O ₃ 2.0-3.0, Fe, was used as a filler ₂ O ₃ 1.0-2.0.

The foaming agent PO-ZNP (a solution of hydrocarbon anionic surfactants with stabilizing additives) is produced in accordance with TU 38-00-0580-7999-20-93 by the Novocherkassk synthetic products plant and has the following indicators:

Appearance - clear liquid without sediment

The density of the foaming agent at 20 ° C, g / cm ³ - 1020-1080

Kinematic viscosity at 20 ° С, mm ² / s - no more than 100

Hydrogen index (pH) - 7.0-10.0

The average density of the foam should be in the range of 50-65 kg / m ³

Foam should not collapse (settle) within 30 minutes of its preparation.

As a dispersed reinforcement, kapron, lavsan, polypropylene, etc. can be used, for example, Kapron dispersed reinforcement was used in accordance with GOST 22693 with specifications: density - 1.14 g / cm ³ , tensile modulus - 90,000 MPa, strength tensile - 700 MPa, elongation - 4-7%.

For experimental verification of the claimed composition were made samples of 10 × 10 × 10 cm in size from cellular foam concrete of various compositions according to the following technology. Dosed foam concrete components: alkaline-silica binder, hardener, stone-cutting waste, dispersed reinforcement were mixed together with water in a foam mixer for 4-5 minutes until a homogeneous mortar mixture was obtained, after which foam prepared in advance by the foam generator was introduced and mixing was carried out for 5-6 minutes until a uniform, stable foam mass is obtained.

To obtain a homogeneous stable foam during its manufacture, the following conditions must be observed:

- the average density of the solution should be in the range of 500-550 kg / m ³ ;

- the consistency of the solution should correspond to the spread on the Suttard viscometer 106 ... 115 mm;

- the average density of the foam should be in the range of 50-65 kg / m ³ ;

- the foam should not collapse (settle) within 30 minutes from the moment of its preparation;

- the average density of the foam concrete mortar should vary according to the brand of manufactured products in density.

The foam concrete mix thus prepared was poured into steel molds of appropriate sizes. Molded samples after exposure to natural conditions were loaded into a drying chamber for heat treatment at 110-120 ° C for the final dehydration of the system and fixing the interstitial partitions.

After drying, the samples were tested in accordance with the requirements of GOST 10180, the results of which are shown in the table. It follows that the proposed cellular foam concrete mixture at a low average density of 300-400 kg / m ³ has a sufficiently high compressive strength (1.73-2.05 MPa). In this case, the thermal conductivity is 2-3 times lower than the known prototype of cellular concrete.

In addition, the use of an alkaline-silica composition from available local mineral raw materials and technological wastes as a binder instead of expensive Portland cement will reduce the cost of a unit of production of aerated concrete, which in turn will expand their scope.

Information sources

1. SU 863545 A, 09/15/81. Raw mix for the manufacture of cellular concrete.

2. RU 2133244 C1, cl. C04B 38/10, Bull. No. 20, 1999. The raw material mixture for the manufacture of cellular concrete.

Table Physico-mechanical properties of heat-insulating cellular concrete Structure The content of components in mass fractions The average density, kg / m ³ Compressive strength, MPa Thermal conductivity, W / (m · K) Portal cement Alkaline silica binder Fill by fractions, mm Hardener ferrochrome slag Foaming agent Dispersion fittings Water smaller 0.14 from 0.14 to 0.63 from 0.63 to 1.25 Famous one 25 - 10 10 10 - 0.08 0.4 44.52 618 2.26 0.25 2 27 - fifteen 10 5 - 0.1 0.5 42,4 647 2,37 0.254 3 thirty - twenty 5 5 - 0.2 1,0 38.8 622 2.29 0.252 four 32 - fifteen 5 10 - 0.25 2.0 35.75 673 2.48 0.265 5 35 - 10 5 fifteen - 0.3 2,5 32,2 692 2,31 0.27 Proposed one 25 10 10 10 4.0 0.08 0.4 40.52 300 1,60 0,084 2 27 fifteen 10 5 4.3 0.1 0.5 39,4 324 1.73 0.09 3 thirty twenty 5 5 4.8 0.2 1,0 34.0 360 1.92 0.10 four 32 fifteen 5 10 5.12 0.25 2.0 30.63 384 2.05 0.107 5 35 10 5 fifteen 5,6 0.3 2,5 26.6 420 2.24 0.117

Claims (1)

Raw mix for the manufacture of cellular concrete, including binder, waste rock sawing rocks fr. less than 0.14 mm and 0.14-1.25 mm, foaming agent PO-ZNP, dispersed reinforcement and water, characterized in that it contains an alkali-silica binder, made by simultaneously heating and mixing liquid alkaline waste - soap stock and finely dispersed spongolite at a temperature of 80-95 ° C to obtain an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with a silicate module of 2.7-3.0, and additionally hardener - ferrochrome slag in the following ratio of components, wt.%: specified binder 25-35 ferrochrome slag 4.0-5.6 specified waste fr. less than 0.14 mm 10-20 specified waste fr. 0.14-0.63 mm 5-10 specified waste fr. 0.63-1.25 mm 5-15 foaming agent PO-ZNP 0.08-0.3 dispersed reinforcement 0.4-2.5 water rest.