RU2304682C2 - Member of sun protection guard from polymethyl methacrylate and sun protection power saving barrier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, applicable in construction of windows of various building and structures with an adjustable temperature condition, in transport vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: the profile element of the sun protection guard from polymethyl methacrylate made by the method of extrusion pressing-out has two vertical, upper and lower faces, coating. At is made with a cross-section in the form of a rhomb with a thickness making up 4 to 30 mm, whose lower and upper facer form with the respective vertical face an angle making up 30 to 45 deg. The lower or the lower and upper faces are coated with layers for reflection of sun radiation, or the lower face is coated with a layer reflecting the sun radiation, and the upper face is coated with a layer reflecting the infra-red radiation.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of sun protection of the fenestration.

3 cl, 1 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of windows of buildings with controlled temperature in areas with high solar radiation or a contrasting climate, vehicles, as well as in areas with increased environmental requirements for the internal space and the external environment of buildings, to protect against overheating solar energy of various rooms.

The claimed sun protection can be used in summer cafes and other cultural and domestic objects in the southern regions, in the form of heat shields for air-conditioned buildings and in workshops with large heat emissions, while overheating is reduced, the load on air conditioners and refrigeration units is reduced, energy resources are saved.

Known sunscreen device containing many shading and reflective surfaces in the form of small strips and flakes placed in the inner space of double glazing (EP 0210049 A1. 01/28/1986).

They protect well from direct sunlight in most of the visible movement of the sun, but require either a complex control system or a complex shape of the scales themselves.

A sunscreen agent is known having a plurality of inclined ceramic prisms open on both sides (EP 0 477 678 B1, 06/01/1994).

They well obscure the light opening, improve the ecology of the street with respect to sun glare and sound waves, but they do not significantly affect the heat and sound insulation of the room. In addition, they cannot let the sun into the room during the cold season.

A translucent sun protection panel is known, comprising a plurality of translucent elements with shading surfaces located in the seating sockets of the support structure (WO 93/25792 A1, 12/23/1993).

The disadvantage of the panel is the lack of protection of the room from sunlight.

Another translucent sunscreen panel is also known, comprising a plurality of translucent elements located in the landing slots of the supporting structure with shading surfaces, while the translucent elements are spherical in shape with spherical shading surfaces of variable transparency on two opposite quarters of the ball so that the degree of shading decreases in the direction from the landing slot moreover, the supporting structure is made in the form of a lattice with round holes for translucent elements ntov (RU 2226599, 10.04.2004).

This well-known translucent panel is difficult to perform and in operation.

A known element of translucent sun protection, which is a profile element of glass, including the sides of the glass with rounded corners between them, forming a closed cross section and made in the cross section in the form of a rectangular triangle with a ratio of legs from 1: 1.5 to 1: 2.5 , the inner side of the larger of which is equipped with a sunscreen (SU 700612, 12/10/1979).

In the design, these elements from profile glass should be installed so that the larger side with sun-protection is oriented to the South, South-West or West, since insolation is maximum for these orientations. The limits of the correlation of legs are chosen based on the azimuths of the sun for different geographical areas. The use of this type of profile glass allows to increase the standard length of elements by 2.0-2.5 times, which will significantly reduce the consumption of metal and other materials for the installation of translucent fencing, however it does not provide the necessary blinds for such new generation sunrays, it does not work in full as a heat-saving and sun-protection construction - a fence.

Known sun protection made of sheet aluminoborsilicate glass (SU 1063793, 12.30.1983; SU 1293128, 02.28.1987).

The sun protection known from SU 1063793 made of sheet photochromic aluminoborsilicate glass is laminated, and plane-parallel layers of photochromic aluminoborsilicate glass with a thickness of K = (0.1-0.3) l are placed between layers of aluminoborsilicate glass at an angle φ = 30-45 ° to the faces the latter at a distance h = (1-2) l from each other, where l is the thickness of the fence. The thickness of the fence (1) ranges from 3 to 9 mm, the distance between the layers (h) is from 3 to 13.5 mm, the thickness of the layer (K) is 1.35-0.9 mm; the well-known sun protection has a light transmission coefficient (at a density of solar radiation S = 500 W / m ² ) equal to 36-45%.

The sun protection known from SU 1293128 includes double glass elements made of aluminoborsilicate glass in parallel in the form of two welded or glued double-glazed windows framed to form an internal airtight cavity with a spacer frame in the form of a single profile of a non-heat-conducting material with a closed cavity. In this case, one of the glasses of the outer double-glazed window is made with a protrusion. The heat-conducting element is made in the form of a film coating deposited on both sides of the protrusion. In this case, the heat-conducting element from the side of the internal sealed cavity is made with a layer of iodine. The glass of the outer double-glazed window is made with photochromic layers of thickness K = (0.1-0.3) l, placed at an angle of 30-40 ° to the faces of the glasses at a distance h = (l-2) l from each other, with photochromic layers in the glasses offset relative to each other by a distance h '= (0.3-0.5) h, where l is the thickness of the glass. This known sun protection has a light transmittance at a density of solar radiation of 500 W / m ² 19%; heat transfer coefficient at the same density of solar radiation 12%; the coefficient of sun protection compared to double glazing is 6.67.

The disadvantages of these well-known sunscreens are: their insufficient durability, the need to use crystalline iodine and the complexity of their manufacture, associated, for example, with the need for melting aluminum phosphate glasses.

The technical task of the claimed group of the invention is to simplify the manufacture of sun-protection fences, increase their durability, as well as increase their sun-protection properties and create an energy-saving construction of sun-protection, while expanding its functionality and, consequently, expanding the areas of use.

The technical problem is achieved by the claimed group of the invention.

The stated technical problem is achieved, firstly, due to the profile element of the sun protection made of polymethylmethacrylate obtained by extrusion or coextrusion extrusion in the form of a rhombus in a section having two vertical faces, as well as upper and lower inclined faces, forming an angle of 30- with vertical faces 45 °, while the width of the element is determined by the formula h = (l-2) l, where l is the thickness of the element, equal to from about 4 to about 30 mm, h is the height of the element, and either the lower or lower and upper faces of the diamond-shaped element covered with layers reflecting solar energy, or the lower face of the element is covered with a layer reflecting solar energy, and the upper face is covered with a layer reflecting infrared heat (radiation). The thickness of the element can vary from about 6 to 20 mm.

The stated technical task is also achieved by the fact that the energy-saving sheet metal fencing contains these profile elements made of polymethylmethacrylate, interconnected by the upper and lower faces of adjacent elements, and the joints between them serve as blinds, while it may additionally contain outer layers of ordinary glass, plexiglass or special glass with the formation of a multilayer sheet block.

As coatings of the faces of the profile element, reflecting solar energy and infrared heat, various paint compositions can be used that reflect these types of radiation, both on an inorganic basis and on an organic basis, including those based on polymers, such as, for example, compositions containing a dispersion of barium sulfate in an aqueous solution of sodium silicate or in the form of a suspension in an organic binder; compositions containing magnesium, calcium, strontium pyrophosphates dispersed in ethyl silicate as mineral pigments; compounds containing polyvinyl butyral and oxides of tin, indium, antimony, as well as lanthanum compounds; the coating can be obtained by vacuum deposition of metals (aluminum, titanium, tin), tin oxides, etc., as well as in the process of coextrusion of the element with the simultaneous deposition of the corresponding reflective layers.

In the manufacture of sun protection, the profile elements are interconnected either by adhesive, for example glue, or by so-called welding by heating to a temperature, for example, 180 ° C ± 5 ° C, at which the polymethyl methacrylate is softened (melted), and when cooled the surface of the faces are connected firmly to each other.

The sun protection, depending on the specific application, may additionally contain external layers made of ordinary glass, plexiglass (polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate), special glass, for example bulletproof, shockproof,

The angle of inclination and the distance between the layers is determined similarly to the calculation of the angle of inclination of the louvre plates and the distance between them. For the territory of Russia, the protective angle determining the distance between the sun-protection layers is 30-45 ° to the glass faces, i.e. with this arrangement of layers, the distance between them is equal to h = (1-2) l.

The sun protection declared as an invention is energy-saving, since it protects the interior of houses, car interiors in the daytime from overheating and solar radiation, performing both blinds and air conditioning functions, and also does not release heat from the premises in the evening or at night.

Figure 1-3 shows a diagram of a device for energy-efficient sun protection fencing according to the invention. Assessment of sun-protection and light-shielding properties is carried out by the coefficients of light transmission and heat transmission. The transmission measurement of the total (direct + scattered) solar radiation is carried out using a pyranometer, i.e. measured integral (over all wavelengths) transmittance. Measurements of the light transmittance (in the visible region) are carried out using a device for measuring brightness, the main part of which is a bright-dimensional nozzle.

The table shows the physico-technical characteristics of the created physical model of energy-efficient sun protection fencing according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows the profile element 1: (a) in plan, (b) in cross section, which has a vertical outer face 2, a vertical inner face 3 of the element, the upper face 4, the lower face 5 and where l is the thickness of the element , l 'is the length of the element, h is the height of the element (h can be equal to l), φ is the angle between the vertical and inclined faces of the element, for example 45 °, S is the direction of solar radiation (energy).

Figure 2 presents a sun-protection energy-saving sheet fence made up (containing) of 4 profile elements at h = l, φ = 45 ° (a - in plan, b - in cross section), which contains the elements of the fence 1, vertical outer 2 side element coinciding with the outer edge of the fence, the vertical inner 3 edge of the element, coinciding with the inner edge of the fence, the plane 4 connecting the upper and lower edges of 2 neighboring elements, performing the function of the blinds; a plane 5 connecting the lower and upper faces of 2 adjacent elements, performing the function of a blind; l is the thickness of the element and the fence, l 'is the length of the element and the fence, h is the height of the element (h = l), φ is the angle between the vertical and inclined edges of the element (45 °), S is the direction of solar radiation.

Figure 3 shows the energy-saving sun-protection sheet fence in the form of a multilayer sheet block in cross section: a - with the outer layer, b - with the outer and inner layers, and this block contains the profile elements 1 of the fence, the outer 2 glass, the inner 3 glass, S - direction of solar radiation.

Table Parameters and specifications Examples one 2 3 Fencing thickness, l, mm 10 10 10 Sun angle thirty 37 45 layer, hail The distance between the layers, mm h = (l-2) l twenty twenty twenty Light transmittance at a density of solar radiation of 500 W / m ² ,%, 0.29 0.23 0.18 Heat transfer coefficient at a density of solar radiation of 500 W / m ² ,% 0.31 0.28 0.19

Thus, the technical and economic effect of the use of the claimed group of inventions (as follows from the above table and the entire description) is to create a simpler, more durable construction of the sun protection due to the use of a diamond-shaped profile element made of polymethylmethacrylate in it, as well as due to the construction fences using these elements; as well as in increasing its sun-protection properties, in the ability to significantly reduce the cost of electricity for the operation of ventilation and air conditioning systems in various rooms of residential buildings, institutions, in warehouses, in the salons of cars and other vehicles.

Claims (3)

1. The profile element of the sun protection made of polymethyl methacrylate made by extrusion extrusion, containing two vertical, upper and lower faces, a coating, characterized in that it is made with a cross section in the form of a rhombus with a thickness of 4-30 mm, the lower and upper faces which form an angle of 30-45 ° with the corresponding vertical face, while the lower or lower and upper faces are covered with layers to reflect solar radiation, or the lower face is covered with a layer that reflects solar and radiation, and the upper face is covered with a layer reflecting infrared radiation. 2. The profile element of the sunroof fence made of methyl methacrylate according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made by coextrusion extrusion with a coating layer. 3. Sun-protection energy-saving sheet fence containing profile elements according to claim 1 or 2 made of polymethimethacrylate, interconnected by the upper and lower faces of adjacent elements with the formation of blinds at the joints of the elements, and it is made with additional outer layers of glass and organic glass.

Images