RU2395782C1 - Method of high-speed aerial reconnaissance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument making.

SUBSTANCE: high-speed aerial reconnaissance hardware (systems of earth surface photographing, systems of transmitting obtained photos to processing computers, satellite positioning devices and ground structure identification devices) are arranged directly in projectile (or missile), while photographing system is used for, primarily, high-speed shooting. Reconnoiter projectile is launched (shot) from artillery piece or from rocket launcher. Receiving computer converts earth surface shots into panoramic image of earth surface of the entire projectile trajectory. Shot structures are indentified by special software according to their classes, while their location is defined by satellite positioning system.

EFFECT: reduced time of reconnaissance, ruling out application of special launchers and cumbersome reconnaissance complexes.

Description

The invention relates to weapons and military equipment, and in particular to methods of aerial reconnaissance of the terrain and targets of the enemy, and can be used on samples of weapons and military equipment (IWT) for various purposes.

A known method of aerial reconnaissance of ground objects using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which consists in the fact that the payload (PN) (television camera, infrared system, radar station), radio transmission line data (RLPD), navigation system (NS), propulsion system and autopilot with a system for measuring angles of Fc roll and Ft pitch (SICT) of the UAV, upon arrival of the UAV in the reconnaissance area using the PN, they will receive an appropriate display on the UAV (television, infrared, radar) of ground objects (BUT) against the background of the earth's surface (RF), using NS determine the coordinates of the location (CMP) of the UAV, and with the help of SICT measure the values of Fк and Фт. The signals corresponding to this mapping, ILC, Fc and Ft are transmitted from the UAV to the ground point (NP) through the RLPD, they are received at the NP, where these signals are converted to the visible display (VO) of the BUT against the background of the ST, the BOT are detected and recognized by the VO as BUT of a certain class, and using VO, KMP, FK and Ft determine the location coordinates of the detected BUT.

(Information about this analogue was obtained from the monthly newsletter “Foreign Press on the Economic, Scientific, Technical and Military Potential of the CIS Member States and the Technical Means for Its Detection.” Series “Technical Means of the Intelligence Services of the Capitalist States.” - M .: VINITI, 1998 , No. 3, pp. 14-22. In addition, information about this analogue is available in the description of the patent No. 2229676, IPC F41H 13/00).

The disadvantage of this method is the low speed of aerial reconnaissance, low secrecy of reconnaissance, due to the infrared and acoustic visibility of the UAV in flight due to the operation of the UAV propulsion system and the vulnerability of the UAV due to its visibility and low speed.

Known remotely piloted aircraft (UAV) "Bee-1" in the complex "Stroy-P", designed to monitor the battlefield and conduct reconnaissance in the depths of the enemy’s defense and includes a transport machine with a guide for launching the apparatus, apparatus for controlling the apparatus and receiving intelligence, an aircraft with a television system, a power plant in the form of an internal combustion engine, an automated flight control system, and a parachute. The apparatus is launched from the transport vehicle by a powder accelerator. Intelligence information from the device is transmitted to the crew of the complex via a radio channel to a monitor (television system) and is recorded by it on a working card, after which it can be transmitted to the appropriate governing bodies of units (or units). The duration of the UAV flight is 2 hours, after which it descends by parachute.

(Information about this analogue is obtained from the Wikipedia encyclopedia on the website http: //ru.wikipedia).

The disadvantages of this method are:

- in relation to tactical units such as a battalion, company, platoon, as well as to individual vehicles, the complex does not provide quick processing of reconnaissance information and transfer it directly to each model of military equipment that conduct dynamic combat in real time, while each combat or other the car needs information about the enemy and the terrain in its area of responsibility (strip, sector) in real time, which this complex cannot fundamentally provide;

- the bulkiness of the entire complex - a separate transport vehicle, aircraft, crew with appropriate technical means;

- the transport base of the complex in the form of a wheeled vehicle cannot follow units in battle under the conditions of patency.

The prototype of the claimed invention should be considered a method of aerial reconnaissance of ground targets using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with launching from GLUAV artillery systems, which consists in preliminarily installing one UAV in an artillery launch container (ARP), which also contains a charge ( VZ) and the system for initiating a knock-out charge (SIWZ), a UAV is installed payload (PN) from one sensor of intelligence information (DRI), which is a television camera, or eplovizionnaya camera or sensor for the detection of chemical agents, or a sensor for detecting biological agents, radio transmitter (Prec), a receiver of the global positioning satellite system (PSSOM), autopilot (AP) with angle measurement system F _{to the} roll and FT pitch (CITS) UAV , folding aerodynamic planes, electric rocket engines, power supply system (BOT) and parachute system (PS). The coordinates of a given reconnaissance area are preliminarily entered into the AP. After launching the APC from the artillery system and when it reaches its apogee of 3000-3500 m and a velocity V approaching M = 1 (M = U / Az, Az is the speed of sound in air), the SZW is triggered by the use of air defense, UAVs are thrown out ARPK back with the help of airborne and open the parachute with which to slow down the UAV, include in the operation of the BOT, DRI, AP, PSSOM, RPA UAV, which then plans to the specified area of reconnaissance, where with the help of PN get on the UAV display ground objects against the background of the earth's surface (ZP). With the help of a radar detector, ES, ILC, F _k , F _t UAVs are transmitted to a ground station (NP), they are received at an NP, where they form a visible display of (BO) BUT against the background of the RF, corresponding to the ES.

(Information about this analogue was obtained from the monthly newsletter "Foreign Press on the Economic, Scientific, Technical and Military Potential of the CIS Member States and the Technical Means for Its Detection." Series "Technical Means of the Intelligence Services of the Capitalist States". - M .: VINITI, 2002 , No. 8, pp.17-19. In addition, information about this analogue is available in the description of the patent No. 2229676, IPC F41H 13/00).

Common features of the claimed invention with the invention selected as a prototype is that the launch of a UAV with a payload is made from artillery systems.

The disadvantages of the invention, selected as a prototype, are: low speed of aerial reconnaissance, low secrecy of reconnaissance, due to the noticeability of the UAV in flight and the vulnerability of the UAV due to its visibility and low speed.

The objective of the invention is:

- reduction of reconnaissance time to a few seconds,

- the exclusion of the use of special launching devices and bulky reconnaissance systems,

- the ability to conduct reconnaissance in their own interests by each individual unit of arms and military equipment,

- the implementation of reconnaissance by the regular crew of arms and military equipment without distracting crew members from their main responsibilities.

The problem is solved by installing a payload (reconnaissance equipment, including photographic cameras with the possibility of high-speed photography) in an artillery, rocket or other shell or guided or unguided missile. In this case, the payload is installed in a shell or missile instead of ammunition. After a reconnaissance projectile is fired or a reconnaissance rocket is launched, reconnaissance equipment (including a high-speed camera) is turned on and the received reconnaissance information is transmitted to a receiving computer, where successive images of the earth's surface and ground objects against the background of the earth's surface are transformed into a panoramic image indicating the coordinates of enemy targets.

The present invention will allow almost instantly (within 3-5 seconds) to carry out aerial reconnaissance in a given corridor for several kilometers. So, for example, being launched from the side of a combat helicopter in the direction of movement, the reconnaissance projectile (reconnaissance missile) will provide within 3-5 seconds a panoramic image of the planned route of the helicopter's movement for 3-5 km. At the same time, in the indicated period of time, on the route of the planned helicopter movement, all hidden threats will be revealed, and the helicopter crew (or the automatic salvo system) will be able to attack and destroy them long before approaching them. The reconnaissance projectile (reconnaissance missile) itself, due to the high speed of movement, will remain practically invulnerable to the enemy. This is the technical result of the invention. In addition, a new technical solution expands the arsenal of aerial reconnaissance methods.

The speed of photographing a camera mounted in a reconnaissance projectile or reconnaissance missile does not have to be very high, which will save on its cost. So, for example, if a projectile (missile) flies per second 1 (one) km, the average altitude of the reconnaissance projectile (reconnaissance missile) is 100 (one hundred) meters, and the coverage of one frame from a specified height is 50 meters of the territory under study, then it’s enough to have photographing speed of 20 frames per second (for example, the level of today's photographic technology allows you to shoot several thousand frames per second). Destruction of the reconnaissance projectile (reconnaissance missile) occurs naturally in the event of a fall or with the help of a programmed self-destruction system at the end.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

- reduction of reconnaissance time to a few seconds,

- the exclusion of the use of special launching devices and bulky reconnaissance systems,

- the ability to conduct reconnaissance in their own interests by each individual unit of arms and military equipment,

- the implementation of reconnaissance by the regular crew of arms and military equipment without distracting crew members from their main responsibilities.

The current level of technological development allows us to implement the proposed method of aerial reconnaissance. Implementation of the proposed reconnaissance method is possible using various types of military equipment having artillery guns or devices for launching rockets and missiles (tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, self-propelled artillery installations, river and sea ships, helicopters and airplanes). In addition, the implementation of the proposed reconnaissance method is possible using a manual missile system.

The proposed reconnaissance method allows to solve the tasks in their own interests with each individual unit of military or other equipment.

The proposed reconnaissance method does not require a base machine and special personnel for its operation and does not need any other management, except for firing a shot (launching a rocket or a rocket), which can be carried out by a regular crew member of the IWT sample from their workplace.

The released reconnaissance projectile does not require control, which allows the proposed method to be used both in the parking lot and in motion, due to shelters, in a trench, in a forest, in settlements (cities), and the small dimensions and high speed of the reconnaissance projectile ( missiles) make it difficult to detect and defeat the enemy.

Implementation of the proposed method on each unit of military equipment will increase the survivability of this combat unit and its effectiveness in the conduct of hostilities.

The technical result is achieved in that in the method of high-speed aerial reconnaissance, including installing a payload on an unmanned aerial vehicle in the form of a photographic camera, a navigation system, data transmission equipment to receiving computers (characterized in that) a projectile is used as an unmanned aerial vehicle or an unguided missile that is fired from guns or launched from land, sea or air-based launchers, while as a photographer A physical camera uses a photographic camera configured to take high-speed photography, and receiving computers use receiving computers configured to transform successive images of the earth’s surface and ground objects against the background of the earth’s surface into a panoramic image, recognize ground objects as objects of a certain class, and calculate the value location coordinates of these objects.

A high-speed unmanned reconnaissance aircraft operates as follows: after launching (firing) the device from the launching device, systems for high-speed photographing of the earth’s surface and ground objects against the earth’s surface, as well as devices that transmit the photographs to receiving computers, satellite positioning devices, and recognition devices, are automatically turned on. ground objects as objects of a certain class. If the device is started from a launching device with a rifled barrel, then only the pictures taken in the ground direction are transferred to the receiving computer sequentially, or all the pictures are transferred, and the selection of the necessary pictures is carried out by the receiving computer program. The receiving computer transforms the images of the earth's surface into a panoramic image of the earth's surface along the entire route of the reconnaissance projectile. Objects caught in frames are recognized by classes using special programs; their location is determined using a satellite positioning system.

Claims (1)

A high-speed aerial reconnaissance method, including installing a payload on an unmanned aerial vehicle in the form of a photographic camera, a navigation system, data transmission equipment to receiving computers, characterized in that a projectile, guided or uncontrolled missile, which is fired from guns, is used as an unmanned aerial vehicle launched from ground, sea or air-based launchers, while a photographic camera is used as a photographic camera ru, made with the possibility of high-speed photography, and receiving computers use receiving computers, made with the possibility of transforming successive images of the earth's surface and ground objects against the background of the earth's surface into a panoramic image, recognition of ground objects as objects of a certain class, and calculating the location coordinates of these objects .