RU2375772C1 - System for treating containers with radioactive wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: nuclear physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to protection of the environment from effects of environmentally hazardous products. The system for treating containers with radioactive wastes has a sealed box, in which a mechanical flow line is mounted on rails, where the flow line has posts for treating the container, lying on a carriage. The complex includes a post for moving the cover of the container, a post for pouring holding material, a post for sealing the cover. All posts are immovably mounted on the mechanical line. The carriage with the container is moved through treatment positions on common guide rails in the process sequence of using the posts with possibility of stopping the container on the line at the location of each post. The post for moving the cover is in form of a platform hoists with vertically moving load gripping mechanism and cover fixing mechanism. The hoists are made with protective shields and personnel can enter. The post for pouring holding material includes a unit for supplying material, made in form of a turning vertical shaft with a beam moving along its axis, where on one of the beam there is carriage, and on the other there is a counterweight. The carriage can move along the beam and joined to a docking device, connected to the supply pipe. The docking device can interact with the inside of the container. The post for sealing the cover includes an arched structure with a protective pad on it. There are protective shields around the pad. The edge of the pad is equidistant to the centre from the edges of the cover of the container. The sealing post also includes a device for supplying the sealing mixture, connected to the device for manufacturing the said mixture, and a vibrating device. The system has a remote control unit, weighing stand, cleaning device, storage for components, ventilation devices.

EFFECT: more efficient treatment of containers due to increased number of types of packaging functions, improved operation conditions, increased output with improved quality of filling.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection from the effects of environmentally hazardous products, such as radioactive and other toxic wastes from nuclear power plants and special enterprises, civil and military vessels with nuclear reactors, and in particular to devices for packaging processing of containers with radioactive waste (RW) further burial and / or transportation, and can be used in nuclear, chemical, etc. areas of activity.

An analysis of the state of the art in this field showed that a container handling device is known comprising a container with radioactive waste, equipped with a removable lid and mounted on a trolley with a control drive, a lid moving post with a load gripping mechanism with fixation mechanism made in the form of a portal symmetrically located relative to the container with the possibility of vertical movement of the load-gripping mechanism (Japan Patent for invention No. 2-33120, IPC G21F 9/36, publ. 12/20/1984, Collection "Inventions of the World", No. 5 for 1991, issue 99, p. 22).

The impossibility of achieving the result provided by the claimed device is caused by the fact that the analogue does not provide such functions as pouring a fixing solution into a container with radioactive waste and sealing the lid of the containers, which reduces its radioactive safety and requires additional development and commissioning costs devices of additional elements providing these functions, which lengthens the processing process and increases its cost, and therefore leads to its low efficiency tivnosti.

A known installation for processing containers with radioactive waste by cementing it, comprising a protective box, a container with radioactive waste mounted on rails with the possibility of entering the protective box, a post for pouring into a container with radioactive waste, containing a feed unit for fixing material in the form of a cement compound with a feed unit, connected to the installation of its preparation, including a box for dry cement, a water supply system associated with a mixer (RF Patent for Utility Model No. 54691, IPC G21F 9/16, publ. July 10, 2006, Bull. No. 19).

The inability to achieve the result provided by the claimed complex is due to the fact that it does not provide for the functions of moving and sealing the container lid, which will require additional costs for their development as part of a single technology, as well as additional designs to ensure safety and ease of maintenance when performing these functions, which indicates the lack of effectiveness of the analogue.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest to the claimed one is a device for processing containers with radioactive waste, containing a protective sealed box, at least one container with radioactive waste, equipped with a removable lid, mounted on an undercarriage with an electric drive, a post for moving the lid, including a load gripping mechanism with the mechanism of its fixation, post pouring fixing material, including an aggregate supply of fixing material in a container with a supply pipe connected to the installation e preparation, as well as a vibrating device, a remote control unit, at least one ventilation dust collecting device, a cleaning device, a weighing stand, at least one storage of material components, a container moving device (RF Patent for invention No. 2301468 C1, IPC G21F 9 / 36, published June 20, 2007, Bull. No. 17).

The impossibility of achieving the result provided by the claimed complex is due to the fact that in the known device, as in a single complex, there is no post for sealing the container lid, which will require its additional introduction and, therefore, additional cost and time, in addition, the constructive implementation of the posts of filling the fixing material and sealing is not well developed in terms of the safety of staff and the creation of ergonomic amenities for maintenance and repair. In addition, the prototype device is adapted only for the use of containers with fine radioactive waste.

When developing the claimed complex, the task was set to increase the efficiency of processing containers with radioactive waste by increasing the number of types of packaging functions, reducing the processing time of containers, improving the conditions of maintenance and repair.

In solving the aforementioned problem, a technical result was achieved, consisting in the development of a complex providing the installation in a single place of all units necessary for mechanizing the line with processing stations, which led to a reduction in the processing time of containers due to its technological flow and the close location of the service units connected to equipment of the posts, and at the same time allowed to provide radiation protection for staff through the use of protective devices at the posts and facilitate, if necessary, repair work, improve the quality of pouring the fixing material and sealing the lid.

This result is achieved due to the fact that the complex for processing containers with radioactive waste contains a protective sealed box, at least one container with radioactive waste, equipped with a removable lid mounted on a running trolley with an electric drive, a post for moving the lid, including a load gripping mechanism with lid fixing mechanism, fixing material pouring station, including a fixing material supply unit to a container with a supply pipe connected to the installation Flow Chart fixing material as well as a vibration device, a remote control unit, at least one vent dust collecting device, cleaning device, the weighing stand, at least one storage components used, said moving containers.

New in the complex is that a cover sealing post has been introduced into it; all posts are mounted permanently on a mechanized line; the cart with the container is moved along the processing positions along the common guide rails in the technological sequence of using the posts with the possibility of stopping the container on the line at the location of each post; the container lid moving post is made in the form of a portal with frame lifts symmetrically positioned relative to the rail, mounted with the possibility of service personnel approaching them, vertical movement of the load gripping mechanism and with protective shields mounted on the lifts along the rail; the unit for supplying fixing material to the container of the filling station is made in the form of a rotary vertical shaft with an arrow mounted on it with the possibility of vertical movement along it, at the far end of which a trolley is installed with the possibility of limited horizontal movement, the extreme positions of which are selected from the condition of optimal filling of the container volume with fixing material connected to a docking device connected to a supply pipe and configured to interact of the container, and at the proximal end of a boom mounted counterbalance mounted on the shaft; the lid sealing station contains an arched structure for the passage of the cart with the container, on the frame of the upper part of which there is a horizontal protective platform with protective screens along its contour with the possibility of access for service personnel, the edges of which are equidistant to the center from the edges of the container lid, as well as the sealing feed device mixture associated with the site of its supply and connected to the installation of its preparation, the sealing post of the lid is equipped with a vibrating device.

In addition, the preparation of the preparation of the fixing material of the filling station and the installation of the preparation of the sealing mixture of the sealing station may contain each box for cutting bags with a movable knife and a grill in the lower part, connected through an elbow to a ventilation dust collecting device, and a water supply system connected to the mixing unit, connected respectively to the feed unit of the fixing material or to the feed device of the sealing mixture.

The counterweight can be made in the form of a balancing spring, and the device for moving containers in the form of a forklift.

The docking device of the post of pouring the fixing material into the container may contain a distribution insert with a junction.

The ability to enter the horizontal platform of the lid sealing post can be carried out by means of a ladder through a protective door mounted on an arched structure.

The possibility of approaching the elevators of the post moving the lid of the container can be carried out by means of stairs.

The container lid sealing post can be made with a walling located on an arched structure.

The complex for processing containers with radioactive waste is shown in the drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 - General diagram of the device complex with a mechanized line;

Figure 2 - view aa in figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view of BB in Figure 1 of the filling station of the container with radioactive waste;

FIG. 4 is a view BB of FIG. 1 of a container closure sealing station; FIG.

Figure 5 is a top view of the protective pad of the sealing station of the container lid.

The complex for processing containers with radioactive waste contains a protective sealed box 1 (Figure 1), which can be made in the form of a metal insulated room, equipped with a door 2 for entering a container 3 with radioactive waste and a door 4 for the export of at least one container. Doors provide tight closing of the box. Boxing can be made of separate sections, and also, if necessary, insulated. RW can be located inside the container in separate barrels or be poured in bulk in it, can be solid, liquid or finely dispersed, etc.

The container 3 is equipped with a removable lid 5 and is mounted on a running carriage 6 (Fig. 1, 2), powered by an electric drive (not shown) mounted on a carriage, moving reciprocally along a transport path made in the form of guide rails 7 along which stationary posts are set up, forming, together with the transport route and the cart with the container, a mechanized in-line transport line, in each of which the cart with the container with radioactive waste is moved in the technological sequence I am handling the container.

In the claimed complex, the containers can be used both with a lid without a hole for radioactive waste in barrels or in bulk, and with a hole in its middle closed by a hermetic stopper for finely dispersed or liquid radioactive waste.

The post 8 (Fig. 1) for moving the container lid contains a portal made in the form of frame lifts 9 symmetrically located relative to the rail (Fig. 2) with vertical guide racks 10, which are guides for the load-gripping mechanism 12 moving along the drive from them on the beams 11 and the mechanism fixing 13 of the cover 5. The implementation of the load-gripping mechanism may be different, for example, include a suspension hook 14 and automatic locking 15. Lifts 9 are made with stairs 16 and platforms 17 with enclosing structures for luzhivayuschego staff and are each provided with protective screens 18, attached to them along the rail for radiation protection personnel on the grounds.

Post 19 (Figure 1) pouring fixing material into a container with radioactive waste, for example cement mortar or concrete mix, contains an aggregate feed unit 20 of fixing material (Figure 3), for example cement mortar, made in the form of a vertical shaft 21 rotatable from the drive mounted on frame 22 in bearings, and with a boom 24 vertically moving on rollers along it from the actuator 23, at the far end of which a running gear 26 is mounted along the boom, horizontally moving from the actuator 25, the cart 26. The cart has the possibility of some limited horizontal movement, the extreme positions 27 and 28 of which are selected from the condition of optimal filling of the container volume, which is determined by calculation based on the size of the container, and is connected to a docking device made, for example, in the form of a distribution insert 29 with a joint unit 30 in the form of a cone endings with the possibility of interaction with the cavity of the container in which, for example, barrels with radioactive waste are installed. Distribution insert 29 is connected to the supply pipe 31 mounted on the unit 20. At the proximal end of the boom 24, a counterweight is mounted in the form of a spring 32 with an adjustable compression force rigidly fixed to the shaft 21 and designed to create a force that balances the clamping force of the docking device to the container on the other end of the arrow. The supply pipe 31 of the unit 20 is connected to the installation 33 of the preparation of the fixing material in the form of a mixture of components, including a box 34 for a binder component of the mixture, such as cement. In the claimed design can be used bags with bulk material - a dry mixture, in this case, a cutting device is provided in the box, for example, a knife moving on a bar (not shown). In the lower part of the box, either a grill or a hole for pouring out material is provided. Under the lower part of the box is a mixing unit 35, mounted movably on the rollers 36 and connected through a hose to the tank 37 (Figure 1) with water. The mixing unit 35 is connected to the supply pipe 31 of the unit 20 and can be performed, for example, comprising a compressor, a water pump, a control panel, an auger, hoses for mixture and air (not shown).

Box 34 through the knee 38 (Figure 3) is connected to the ventilation dust collecting device 39 for suction of dusty air from the box. The ventilation device 39 can be made, for example, from a fan with an electric motor, a cyclone, a bag filter, a hopper with a dustpan and a shaking mechanism (not shown). Another possible implementation of the installation of the preparation of the mixture 33 and ventilation device 39.

Post 40 sealing the lid (Figure 1) is made in the form of an arched structure 41 (Figure 4) for the passage of the trolley with the container, on the frame 42 of the upper part of which is made a horizontal protective platform 43 (Figs. 4, 5) and protective screens 44, which located along the contour of the site. The platform and screens are made of a material that does not transmit radiation, such as lead. To enter the site 43 of the staff as part of the arch structure 41, a ladder 45 and a protective door 46 are provided. The edges 47 of the platform 43 are equidistant to its center “O” from the edges 48 (Figure 5) of the container lid at a distance dictated by ergonomic convenience for personnel, when manually filling the seam between the lid 5 and the container body, that is, the screen and the platform with some distance to the center “O” actually repeat the shape of the lid.

Near the closure sealing station there is a supply device 49 of a sealing mixture, for example concrete, consisting of expanding cement, fine aggregate, plasticizer, mixture stabilizer and water, made in the form of a rigid pipeline fixed to a support and connected to its supply unit 50, mounted in the form flexible crevice nozzle. The feed device 49 is connected through a quick-detachable head 51 to the installation for preparing the sealing mixture 52 (Fig. 4), which is made structurally similar to the installation for preparing the fixing material 33 (Fig. 3) described above for the pouring station. In turn, the device 52 is connected to the ventilation dust collecting device 53, made structurally similar to the device 39. It is possible to perform a ventilation device common to filling and sealing posts.

The sealing station 40 of the lid of the container with radioactive waste is equipped with a manual vibrating device 54 (Figure 4) for manual use by maintenance personnel, made in the form of a standard vibrator with a tip.

The complex is equipped with a device 55 (Figure 1) for moving containers, made, for example, in the form of a forklift truck picking up a packed container at the end of a mechanized transport line, as well as a weighing stand 56 with weights, on which containers are also marked. For cleaning aggregates, equipment and pipelines, including flushing mixing units, dispensers and concrete pipelines, a cleaning device is provided, including, for example, a settling tank 57 (Fig. 1), a receiving-flushing unit 58 and contaminated water supply pipelines (not shown) , a sludge removal pipeline (not shown), a purified water pipeline (not shown). Purified water can be reused. The washing solution is poured into a container 57, settles in it, clarified water is sent for reuse, and the sludge settles and is removed as it accumulates.

The protective box 1 is equipped with at least one warehouse 59 (Figure 1) for storing the components from which the cement mortar is prepared for pouring into the container with barrels of radioactive waste into the space between them and the sealing mixture, and the movement of which inside the box is carried out by e.g. loader 60.

For final curing of the fixing material and endurance of the curing time in the box zone 61 is provided.

All movement of the container by position relative to the posts, as well as the operation of the existing equipment is carried out by signals from the remote control unit 62.

To ensure the safety of the operating maintenance personnel at the sealing station, a frame structure 63 is provided (Figure 4).

The complex works as follows.

A container 3 pre-filled with radioactive waste, for example, with barrels of radioactive waste, is mounted on the trolley 6, its drive is turned on and the trolley is transported via rail 7 through door 2 to box 1. At the time of loading, as well as unloading the container, as well as at the posts, the trolley is fixed on rail track with a locking device (not shown) to prevent shifts and skews. The door closes hermetically.

According to the control signal from the remote control unit 62 transmitted to the control panel (not shown) of the container lid moving position 8, the truck with the container stops at the station 8 and is fixed in this position, the drive is turned on and the beams 11 (Figure 2) start together with the load gripping mechanism 12, go down to grab the lid and fix it with the mechanism 13. The lid is removed from the container, retracted upward and remains in this position for some time. If it is necessary to repair and / or inspect and / or control the process of moving the lid, service personnel have the opportunity to approach the mechanism 12 by climbing stairs 16, while ensuring radiation safety due to the fencing of the person with screens 18.

According to the signal from the control unit 62, the equipment for the preparation of the fixing material - cement mortar begins, for which bags of cement are taken from the warehouse 59 by the loader 60, which then go to box 34 (Figure 3), where the bags are cut with a knife and the cement is poured through the grate into the mixing unit 35, where at the same time pre-metered water from the tank 37 enters through the hose. Various additives can also be used. The ventilation device 39 for removing cement dust is turned on. The filling of the mixing unit is controlled by load cells (not shown). In the mixing unit, cement and water are mixed and through the supply pipe 31 the mixture is fed into the cavity of the distribution insert 29, and from it through the conical tip 30 into the cavity of the container with radioactive waste transferred from post 8 to post 19, or if barrels are installed in it, then inter-barrel space of the container, while the position of the trolley on the track is fixed.

For a more uniform filling of the container with cement mortar, the docking device with the distribution insert 29 is connected to the trolley 26 and, due to its installation on the boom 24 and the indicated connection, is able to move at least one horizontal circle around the vertical axis of the shaft 21, as its center, and also reciprocating along the radius of this circle by ensuring the movement of the trolley between points 27 and 28, the optimal distance between which is determined in each case, based on sizes of containers used. The ability to fill the container cavity in various directions increases its quality. According to a signal from the remote control unit, when a predetermined volume of the mixture is reached, the container is full, its fixation is removed and the trolley returns to post 8, where it is fixed again and, by analogy with the process described above, the container is closed with a lid using a load-gripping mechanism.

Next, the trolley moves, bypassing post 19, to the sealing post of cover 40, passing and installing in the arched passage of structure 41, and is fixed in this position. At the same time, the sealing mixture, prepared in advance by analogy with the technology for preparing the fixing material in the form of concrete mixture or cement mortar described above, comes from the box 34 of the installation for preparing the sealing mixture 52 through the pipeline of the supply of the sealing mixture 49 to the slotted nozzle 50. The maintenance staff climbs the stairs 45, enters the protective pad 43 and, having taken the nozzle 50, manually begins to fill the joint between the edges of the lid and the container with the sealing mixture, remaining on the protective pad the flap, but having the ability to fill the seam, due to the free space between the edge of the protective pad 43 and the edge of the lid, and then after filling it vibro-compacts the mixture using a vibrating device 54. At the same time, the protective screens 44, located along the contour of the pad, protect the person from radiation, and their height is chosen so as not to interfere with personnel filling the seams and vibration-sealing the mixture.

After sealing, the container is removed from the mechanized line using a forklift truck 55, then weighed on a weighing stand 56, marked and transported to the holding and final curing zone 61. The whole process from the start of installation at the lid moving post to removal from the container rails takes 50-60 min

Upon completion of curing, the container with radioactive waste is transported through door 4 for further transportation to the disposal site.

The possibility of implementing the inventive complex for processing containers with radioactive waste is confirmed by the use of known means and non-deficient materials, including those presented at the level of functional generalization, with the achievement of a technical result consisting in increasing the efficiency of the device compared to the prototype device, due to the expansion of the number of types of packaging functions, improving the conditions for servicing the container handling process, increasing the productivity of processing and while improving the quality of the fill and the sealing mixture.

Claims (8)

1. A complex for processing containers with radioactive waste, comprising a protective sealed box, at least one container with radioactive waste, equipped with a removable lid mounted on a running trolley with an electric drive; a cover displacement station including a gripping mechanism with a cover locking mechanism; a fixing material pouring station, including a fixing material supply unit to a container with a supply pipe connected to a fixing material preparation unit, and also a vibrating device; remote control unit; at least one ventilation dust collecting device; purification device; weighing stand; at least one storage of used components; a container moving device, characterized in that a lid sealing post is introduced therein; all posts are mounted permanently on a mechanized line; the cart with the container is moved along the processing positions along the common guide rails in the technological sequence of using the posts with the possibility of stopping the container on the line at the location of each post; the container lid moving post is made in the form of a portal with frame lifts symmetrically positioned relative to the rail, mounted with the possibility of service personnel approaching them, vertical movement of the load gripping mechanism and with protective shields mounted on the lifts along the rail; the unit for supplying fixing material to the container of the filling station is made in the form of a rotary vertical shaft with an arrow mounted on it with the possibility of vertical movement along it, at the far end of which a trolley is installed with the possibility of limited horizontal movement, the extreme positions of which are selected from the condition of optimal filling of the container volume with fixing material connected to a docking device connected to a supply pipe and configured to interact of the container, and at the proximal end of a boom mounted counterbalance mounted on the shaft; the lid sealing station contains an arched structure for the passage of the cart with the container, on the frame of the upper part of which there is a horizontal protective platform with protective screens along its contour with the possibility of access for service personnel, the edges of which are equidistant to the center from the edges of the container lid, as well as the sealing feed device mixture associated with the site of its supply and connected to the installation of its preparation, the sealing post of the lid is equipped with a vibrating device. 2. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation for preparing the fixing material of the filling station and the preparation of the sealing mixture of the sealing station contain each box for cutting bags with a movable knife and a grill in the lower part, connected through an elbow to a ventilation dust collector and a water supply system associated with a mixing unit connected respectively to a fixing material supply unit or a sealing mixture supply device. 3. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight is made in the form of a balancing spring. 4. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for moving containers is made in the form of a forklift. 5. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the docking device of the post pouring the fixing material into the container contains a distribution insert with a junction. 6. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of entering the horizontal platform of the lid sealing station is carried out by means of a ladder through a protective door mounted on an arched structure. 7. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of entering the elevators of the post moving the cover is carried out by means of stairs. 8. The complex for processing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing post of the lid is made with the enclosing structure located on the arched structure.

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