RU2369678C1 - Antinoise rail track - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention is in the field of railway transport, particularly in rail track construction ensuring environmental protection against noise of railway vehicles. Antinoise rail track contains two rails fixed by means of spring clips and terminal bolts on sole plates. Cushions made of elastic material are located on railway ties below the sole plates, below the base and over rail heads. Metal bands enclose rail heads on the top with vertical holes for mounting bolts. Terminal bolts are made long and pass through pitch holes intended for mounting bolts and equipped with additional nuts on the top making it possible to adjust pusher pressing force to rail heads.

EFFECT: increase in efficiency of environmental protection against transport noise and reduction in construction material consumption.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, and in particular to the construction of tracks that protect the environment from the noise of the wheels of railway rolling stock.

Known construction of the track (Track and track management of industrial railways. Ed. By V.F. Yakovlev. M .: Transport. 1990. p. 67, Fig. 4.13), containing two rails, fixed by means of spring terminals and terminal bolts on track linings, gaskets made of elastic material, located on the sleepers under the linings and under the soles of the rails. Elastic gaskets between sleepers, linings and rail soles prevent the possibility of direct shock-vibration interaction of these elements with each other, which in the absence of gaskets is one of the sources of noise. Together with spring washers, they absorb vibration energy, including the frequencies of the sound spectrum, which are transmitted to the environment through the rail track, through the subgrade and adjacent territories.

The disadvantage of the design is that it only partially solves the problem of reducing noise, since it does not have any effect on the formation and propagation of vibrations in the zone of interaction of the wheel with the rail head, which is the main source of noise. Sound waves arising in this zone are directly transmitted to the surrounding space. In the air, the noise of passing trains spreads over long distances in the form of a monotonous hum and a clatter of wheels at the joints.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is the design of the rail track, containing two rails fixed by means of spring terminals and terminal bolts on the track pads, gaskets made of elastic material, located on the sleepers under the pads and on the pads themselves under the soles of the rails, as well as a protection device from wheel noise of rail vehicles (SE2000 200003770, E01В 19/00, 10/18/2000), containing in its upper part an elastic gasket designed to cover the rail head and a metal plate, repeated contouring the shape of this head in shape of its cross section, and in the lower part two angles designed to fix the device to the rail neck with their vertical shelves equipped with horizontal holes for connecting bolts.

In the zone of interaction between the wheel and the rail, the interacting elements are separated by an overlay, which is a relatively thin layer of metal, and a gasket made of an elastic material that absorbs the vibration energy of both elements in contact with it in the zone of generation of sound waves. Thus, the device in question minimizes the intensity of the impact of wheel noise on the environment.

The disadvantage of the design of the path in which this device is intended to be used is the presence of another sound source arising from the absence of gaskets between the rail and the device itself at the junction, since with the slightest loosening of the bolts during operation, there is the possibility of mutual movement of the metal parts to be connected relative to each other and their shock-vibrational interaction, which is not softened by any elastic gaskets capable of absorbing the energy of sound.

Another design flaw is overpriced material consumption and large detail.

When developing the design of a noise-protective rail track, the task was to increase the efficiency of protecting the environment from traffic noise and reduce material consumption by eliminating the device’s mounting unit with all its shortcomings from the design and transferring the functions of this unit to the structural elements included in the set of intermediate rail fasteners.

The technical effect is achieved by the fact that in a noise-proof rail track containing two rails fixed by means of spring terminals and terminal bolts on the track pads, gaskets made of elastic material located on the sleepers under the pads, under the soles and on top of the rail heads, metal plates covering these heads top, with vertical holes for the mounting bolts, according to the proposed technical solution, the terminal bolts are made elongated, passed through the holes of the plates intended for installation bolts, and are equipped with additional nuts on top, providing the ability to adjust the pressing forces of the pads to the rail heads.

The essence of the technical solution is explained using the drawing.

The noise-protective rail track contains two rails 1, fixed by means of spring terminals 2 and terminal bolts 3 on the track pads 4. The pads 4 are separated by gaskets 5 and 6 made of elastic materials, from the bottom of the surface 7 of the sleepers 8, from the top of the soles 9 of the rails 1. Gaskets 5 and 6 prevent shock-vibrational interaction between the rails 1, the pads 4 and the sleepers 8, which can cause noise. Together with the spring terminals 2, the elastic gaskets 5 and 6 absorb vibrational energy, including the frequencies of the sound spectrum. In the interaction zone A of the wheel 10 with the head 11 of the rail 1, which is traditionally considered one of the main sources of wheel noise, the wheel 10 is separated from the head 11 of the rail 1 by a metal plate 12, and the vibration energy absorption of this plate 12 and the head 11 of the rail 1 is provided by an elastic gasket 13 , which is located directly in zone A of the interaction of the wheel 10 and the rail 1. This ensures maximum sound absorption effect.

This design of the track is distinguished from the prototype by the fact that for fastening the metal plate 12 covering the rail 1, it uses terminal bolts 3, for which they are elongated, passed through the eyes 14 in the plates 12 and provided with additional nuts 15 on top, not only holding the plates 12 in the desired position relative to the heads 11 of the rails 1, but also providing the ability to adjust the pressing forces of the pads 12 to these heads 11.

The device operates as follows.

When passing along the rolling stock path, the energy of vibrations arising in the interaction zone A of the wheel 10 with the rail 1 is absorbed by the elastic gasket 13, which is located directly in the zone A. The sound absorption efficiency depends on the pressure of the pads 12 against the rail 1, which is regulated as the gasket wears. 13 by tightening the nuts 15.

Thus, the fastening of the metal plate 12, covering the head 11 of the rail 1, directly to the lining 4 with terminal bolts 3 allows you to get rid of the metal-consuming structural unit, to increase the efficiency of environmental noise protection by eliminating an additional sound source and adjusting the pressing forces of the plates 12 to the heads of 11 rails 1 .

We do not know the design of rail tracks, providing increased efficiency in protecting the environment from traffic noise while reducing material consumption of products due to signs that are significant differences between the proposed structures from the prototype.

Claims (1)

Noise-protective rail track, containing two rails fixed by means of spring clamps and terminal bolts on the track pads, gaskets made of elastic material located on the sleepers under the pads, under the soles and on top of the rail heads, metal plates covering these heads from above, with vertical mounting holes bolts, characterized in that the terminal bolts are elongated, passed through the holes of the covers intended for the installation bolts, and provided with additional nuts on top, bespechivaet possibility of adjusting the clamping force to the lining of the rail head.

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