RU2350877C1 - Counterflow cooling tower sprinkler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention deals with design of cooling tower sprinklers; it is to be utilised to provide for process water evaporative cooling in circulation water supply systems and may be equally implemented in practically any branch of economy such as oil, gas and chemical industries and others. In addition to that the proposed device is to be utilised as a regular packing involved in absorption and rectification processes. The counterflow cooling tower sprinkler is composed of tiered vertically positioned sprinkler elements represented by four-blade augers rigidly interconnected to form packages. The package height is equal to the auger helix lead. Sprinkler elements of the cooling tower packages (tiers) that adjoin each other in terms of heights are positioned at an angle of 40°-50° relative to each other if regarded within the vertical plane. Within the horizontal plane sprinkler elements of the counterflow cooling tower packages that adjoin each other in terms of heights are offset relative to each other by a distance equal to 0.4-0.6 of the auger outer diameter.

EFFECT: improvement of heat and mass exchange efficiency due to contacting fluxes turbulisation combined with liquid film disruption within the sprinkler volume; enhancement of the sprinkler and the cooling tower space effectiveness.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to designs of regular nozzles that are used as sprinklers in cooling towers in the energy sector, and can also be used in the processes of rectification, absorption, purification and drying of natural gas, as well as as mixers of liquid and gas flows, phase separators in separation devices, and can find application in almost all technological processes of the chemical, oil, gas and other related industries.

Known nozzle "Optiflow" company "Sulzer" (RF Patent No. 2099133, IPC 6 01 D 19/32, 35/04, 8/00 from 03/07/95), consisting of vertically mounted corrugated sheets with inclined corrugations with respect to gas flow having regular diamond-shaped windows. According to the brochures of the Sulzer company, this nozzle has a higher productivity and VETT value in comparison with other industrial nozzles.

The disadvantages of this design include the fact that for some of the gas and liquid flows falling between adjacent sheets of the nozzle, there is no possibility of transverse mixing, therefore, a significant increase in the efficiency of heat and mass transfer in the separation processes of mixtures is not achieved. The disadvantages of this design also include the complexity of its manufacture.

Closest to the proposed invention is the sprinkler countercurrent cooling tower (Copyright certificate SU 1295187 A1, IPC F 28 C 1/02, F 28 F 25/08 of 03/07/87), containing tiered vertical irrigation elements made in the form of four-bladed screws rigidly interconnected in packages whose height is equal to the pitch of the helix of the screws.

The disadvantage of this sprinkler is the insufficiently high efficiency of heat and mass transfer.

In addition, the compactness of the known sprinkler remains low due to the significant length of the gaps between the tiers of individual packages along the height of the tower, which increases the overall dimensions and material consumption of the tower.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat and mass transfer, as well as increasing the compactness of the sprinkler and cooling tower as a whole, while significantly increasing their compactness.

This task is achieved by the fact that in the sprinkler of a counterflow cooling tower containing vertical irrigation elements arranged in tiers, made in the form of four-bladed screws rigidly interconnected into bags, the height of which is equal to the pitch of the screw line of the screws, according to the invention, irrigation elements in adjacent packages-tiers cooling towers are made with rotation in a vertical plane relative to each other at an angle of 40-50 degrees. As a result, a rupture of the liquid film and intensification of the processes of heat and mass transfer without increasing the dimensions of the sprinkler are achieved.

The irrigation elements in the packages adjacent in height are made with a displacement relative to each other in the horizontal plane by an amount equal to 0.4-0.6 of the outer diameter of the screw.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of one package - 1 sprinkler in isometry of vertical four-blade augers.

Figure 2 shows schematically two packages of irrigator, the upper - 1 and lower - 2, made of screws with rotation in the packages adjacent in height in the form of coaxial four-blade screws, respectively, 3 and 4.

Figure 3 and 4 shows sections aa and bb of the upper and lower irrigation packages 1 and 2, figure 2, in which the screws 3 and 4 are made with rotation in a vertical plane relative to each other at an angle of 40-50 degrees. The relative position of the screws 3 and 4, respectively, of the upper - 1 and lower - 2 irrigation packets relative to each other is shown in FIG. 5, where the angle α = 45 °.

Figure 6 shows two packages of irrigator 1 and 2, made with the displacement of the screws in the horizontal plane in the packages adjacent to the height by the value S.

In Fig.7 shows a view along arrow A, Fig.6, namely, the relative position of the screws 3 and 4 in the neighboring height packages 1 and 2.

The sprinkler countercurrent cooling tower contains (figure 2) placed in tiers of vertical irrigation elements made in the form of four-blade screws 3 and 4, assembled in packages 1 and 2, the height of which is equal to the pitch of the helix. A rigid connection of the screws among themselves is carried out by spot welding. The screws themselves are made by extrusion from a polymeric material, for example, from high-density low-pressure polyethylene.

The sprinkler countercurrent cooling tower operates as follows. Cooling water from the water-distributing system of the cooling tower installed above the sprinkler is sprayed over the upper package, the layer of sprinkler 1 from the four-blade screws 3, evenly distributed over the entire cross section of the cooling tower sprinkler, and flows down in the form of a film along the generatrix of the screws 3 down. The oncoming air stream is in contact with the cooled water, part of it (up to 4%) evaporates and cools the bulk of the water. Having passed the upper bag 1 (tier) of the sprinkler, water flows in the form of drops due to a rupture of the liquid film between the tiers at the places where the screws turn to the screws 4 of the lower package 2. In the case of the auger displacement in adjacent packages 1 and 2, gap and turbulization are also carried out liquid films between the upper augers 3 and the lower 4 of the respective irrigator packages.

Tear film of the sprinkler is carried out in the places of rotation of the coaxial screws 3 and 4 in adjacent packages 1 and 2 at an angle of 40-50 degrees or in the places of horizontal displacement of screws 3 and 4 in packages 1 and 2 by an amount equal to 0.4-0.6 outer diameter of the screw.

The rotation of the irrigation elements in the stacks of the cooling towers adjacent to each other in the vertical plane relative to each other by an angle of 40-50 degrees ensures a rupture of the liquid film and turbulence of the gas flow, thereby intensifying the processes of heat and mass transfer in the counterflow tower.

The implementation of irrigation elements in adjacent packages with a height offset from each other by an amount equal to 0.4 ÷ 0.6 of the outer diameter of the screw ensures turbulence of the liquid film and gas flow, and thereby the intensification of heat and mass transfer processes in a counterflow tower.

The proposed sprinkler of the counterflow cooling tower allows to increase the efficiency of heat and mass transfer by 12-18% in the processes of evaporative cooling while increasing compactness (reducing the dimensions - the height of the tower) by 20-30% due to turbulence of flows and rupture of the liquid film.

Claims (2)

1. The countercurrent cooling tower sprinkler containing vertical irrigation elements arranged in tiers, made in the form of four-bladed screws rigidly interconnected into packets, the height of which is equal to the screw helix pitch, characterized in that the irrigation elements in cooling towers tiers adjacent to each other are made with rotation in a vertical plane relative to each other at an angle of 40-50 °. 2. The sprinkler of the counterflow cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigation elements in the packages adjacent in height are displaced relative to each other in the horizontal plane by an amount equal to 0.4-0.6 of the outer diameter of the screw.

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