RU2350509C2 - Assembly of tandem flapping wings with automatic cyclic twist and roll control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed assembly of flying vehicle tandem driven wings flapping towards each other incorporates twistable wings (1) and crank-and-rocker anti-phase-coupled mechanisms (2). Note that, spars or wing strong edges make bell-cranks-rockers of the aforesaid mechanisms. Three-hinge con rods (4) of the said mechanisms impart to the spars or wing strong edges (5) both flapping, the main, motion and automatic wing twisting during flapping. Note that the wings reciprocate along the flapping axis independently of flapping, that causes turning of the three-hinge con rods about crank pins and, respectively, the wings misalignment, independent of flapping or gliding, relative to inclined axles of con rod upper hinges which allows the roll control.

EFFECT: improved flow about flapping wing, flapping wing roll control.

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Description

The invention relates to aircraft and aircraft modeling techniques and flying toys, and in particular to wing-winged flying vehicles (MLA) - flywheels (ornithopter, entomopter, animal helicopter, flywheel, etc.) that use flapping wings in flight to create lift and thrust [ 1], and also for roll control.

Numerous devices of flapping wings and MLA drives are known, the ultimate goal of which is the implementation of technical flapping flight. These devices are very diverse in terms of operating principles and design: from simple flapping - with parallel movements of the wing section profiles, to complex - with oval or eight-shaped "rowing" flapping movements with forced or self-adjusting changes in the angle of installation of the wing as a whole (the angle between the central chord of the wing and the base longitudinal axis X of the MLA) or the local angles of installation / twist of the torsionally flexible wing (the angles between the local chords and the base plane of the wing) during Ania.

However, despite the ongoing attempts to implement the ultimate goal in practice, the natural flapping phenomenon does not have an adequate technical counterpart. Human flight on flapping wings not implemented.

The aim of the proposed solution is to realize the prospects of technical flapping flight.

From the analysis of failures of flapping flight, the most significant drawbacks of known devices are two:

1) non-optimal flow around the flapping wing during its movement along a curved path due to a mismatch between the local angles of attack of the wing section α _i (z) {local angle of attack α _i (z) is the angle between the projection of the local instantaneous flow velocity onto the vertical plane of symmetry of the MLA and the local chord of the wing } the local installation angles φ _{i (z)} {the local installation angle φ _{i (z)} - between the longitudinal axis X of the MLA and the local chord};

2) lack of control of the flapping wing along the roll.

The proposed solution aims to overcome these shortcomings.

The proposed device (Fig. 1) is a torsion-compliant tandem wings 1 with a counter-swinging flywheel driven by a crank-connecting rod-rocker drive mechanisms 2, interconnected in antiphase. for example, by a chain drive 3. When cranks rotate during operation, the three-joint rods 4 inform the couples of the beam-spars or power edges 5 connected with them both the main, proper flywheel movement, and the additional automatic movement of the wing twist, naturally connected and lagging behind the main phase at an angle π / 2 (according to MK Tikhonravov [2]), which provides the local wing sections with a wide range of optimal angles of attack at each point of the curved path of the wing during waving.

The roll control, which does not depend on the flap or scheduling mode, is achieved both by a rectilinear or curvilinear shift of the wing back and forth along the wave axis by a certain distance ± Δ (Fig. 2, view A ₁ ), and by moving the wing on the articulated lever assemblies 6 pendants (FIG. 3, View A ₂ ), which causes the rotation of the connecting rod connected to the wing around the crank pin and, accordingly, the wing skew around the tilting axis of the upper hinges of the three-joint rod.

The oncoming movement of the tandem wings eliminates the imbalance of the apparatus as a whole, which reduces the pilot's discomfort during flapping flight.

Additional effects:

1. Wings, braked in extreme positions, form an X-shaped biplane box, which can be used in planning and soaring modes;

2. Changing the direction of rotation of the crank to the opposite leads to a thrust reverse mode, which can be used for braking during mileage after landing and maneuvering in reverse on the ground;

3. Being inhibited in the absence of engine torque, the device during flight tends to achieve aerodynamic balancing at the dead points, but being removed from them due to the inertia of the rotation of the mechanism, changes the angles of rotation of the wings and the ratio of the lifting forces to the opposite, which causes the movement of the device to continue in the same direction, that is, it switches to self-waving mode, similar to self-rotation (autorotation) of propellers.

LITERATURE

1 AVIATION. Encyclopedia. - Ch. ed. G.P. Svishchev. Edited by: A.F. Belov, R.L. Belyakov, P.N. Belyanin, A.G. Bratukhin, G.S. Byushgens, et al. (24 people). - M .: Scientific. publishing house "Big Russian Encyclopedia", TsAGI them. prof. N.E. Zhukovsky, 1994, Articles: "Makholet - p.330;" Ornithopter "- p.394.

2 Tikhonravov M.K. Flight of birds and cars with flapping wings. - M .: Oborongiz, 1949. Application of the theory of quasistationary aerodynamics to the problem of flapping flight in the book. prof., academician.

Claims (2)

1. The device fluttering towards each other tandemly located wings of an aircraft with a drive, containing torsionally flexible wings and connected in antiphase crank-connecting rod-rocker mechanisms, the two-arm levers-rocker arms of which are the side members or the force edges of the wings, which three-hinged as the main connecting rods , actually the flywheel movement, as well as the movement of the automatic twist of the wing in the process of waving, with the possibility of independent forward-backward movements along the m axis Haniya that causes rotation of their associated connecting rods trehsharnirnyh around the cranks and fingers, respectively, independent of waving or warping planning mode wings around the tilting axes of the upper hinge rods that provides control of the roll. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the roll control is achieved by moving the wing back and forth on the articulated link nodes of the suspension.

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