RU2348896C2 - Air bomb - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: present invention pertains to ammunition for striking lightly armoured equipment, fuel and lubricant storages, fortified structures-military industrial facilities and communications etc. The bomb has a warhead with a tail fuse, parachute container and their coupling unit in form of a pipe, in which there is a pen-type stabiliser with a holder of the wings in folded position, in the intervals between which incendiary sub-warheads are fitted. Inside the pipe there is primer charge, gas-dynamically linked to the tail fuse and incendiary sub-warheads. The parachute container has a launching device.

EFFECT: increased effectiveness of the bomb due to a wider range of targets it can strike.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, namely to aircraft bomb weapons, and more particularly to aircraft bombs (aerial bombs) with a parachute brake system designed to engage a wide range of targets with various characteristics of vulnerability, such as lightly armored and easily vulnerable vehicles, fuel and lubricant depots materials, fortifications of military-industrial facilities and communications, etc.

The difference in the characteristics of the vulnerability of the targets led to the need to create ammunition, including air bombs with multifactorial (fragmentation, high-explosive and incendiary) effects on the target and universality of action (surface, superficial and penetrating).

A known embodiment of a bomb dropped from an aircraft (US Patent No. 2,448,254 of 08.31.48).

Aerial bomb (parachute system) contains a warhead (warhead) and a parachute container (PC), one end of which is open, and the other is closed by a fixed lid, to which are attached on one side of the warhead, and on the other - parachute cords.

The cover (the connection unit of the warhead with the PC) contains an annular disk with external flanging, a power cross with two pairs of diametrically located eyes, a cylindrical sleeve rigidly connected to the cross and placed in the hole of the disk. A sleeve with a sleeve (nut) and an external thread connects the spider to the disk, and with the help of an internal thread, connects to the warhead unit of the aircraft bomb.

The disadvantages of this design of air bombs include:

- the impossibility (without increasing the specified dimensions and mass of the bomb) in the site of attachment warhead to the PC placement of incendiary elements;

- the impossibility of placing a bottom fuse in the bottom of the warhead warhead (penetrating action of an aerial bomb is excluded);

- reduced values of the specific characteristics of the bomb (the ratio of the payload to the mass of the bomb) due to the configuration of the PC with a flat cover, to which almost the center is applied the forces arising from the introduction of the parachute system into the air stream, while creating significant bending moments acting on the cover which requires a thickening of its parts in order to ensure strength characteristics.

A known design of an aircraft bomb according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2286532 from 04/28/05 (prototype).

The bomb contains a warhead, a parachute container and a docking unit with a parachute system connection device, consisting of a dish-shaped base, eyelets located in the central part of the base, and made in the form of a set of parallel plates with holes for the power axes.

The indicated design of the air bomb allows it to be universally operational due to the possibility of supplying warheads with head and ground fuses and a predictor of target, and place airborne bomb control devices in the space between the PC case and the parachute system connection device.

The main disadvantage of this constructive solution is the absence of an incendiary factor under the action of an air bomb, which significantly reduces its effectiveness for targets containing fuels and lubricants.

In addition, the absence of an additional stabilizing device in the design of an aerial bomb determines the need for its autonomous flight before meeting with a target on the parachute braking system, which significantly reduces its penetrating ability.

The task of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the bomb.

The technical result consists in expanding the list of targets hit by an aerial bomb.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the aerial bomb contains a warhead with a bottom fuse, a parachute container and a docking unit made in the form of a pipe, on which a feather stabilizer with a fixer of the folded position of the feathers is placed, between which incendiary warheads are placed, while in the cavity the tube contains a powder charge, gas-dynamically connected with the bottom fuse and incendiary warheads, and the parachute container is equipped with a device for its launch.

The expansion of the list of targets hit by the bomb is achieved by:

- placement in the intervals between the feathers of the stabilizer of incendiary warheads (incendiary factor is added to the fragmentation and high-explosive factors during the action of an air bomb), which, in addition to expanding the list of targets being hit (open fuel and lubricant warehouses, railway tanks with fuel and lubricants, etc.), significantly increases the efficiency of target destruction containing fuels and lubricants (armored, lightly armored and easily vulnerable equipment);

- placement on the pipe connecting the warhead with the PC, a feather stabilizer, which allows after separation of the parachute system (PS) to provide the bomb with a stable flight until it meets the target, while separating the PS on the flight path of the bomb allows increasing the speed of its approach to the target, thereby increasing its penetrating ability (defeat a larger list of buried other targets).

In an aerial bomb, the feather stabilizer can be made, for example, in the form of a perforated pipe rigidly connected to an annular flange in which the eyes are evenly spaced around the protrusion of the outer cylindrical surface, while the stabilizer feathers are spring-loaded and pivotally fixed in the said eyes.

Such a technical solution allows the aerodynamic surfaces of the stabilizer to be developed, which ultimately allows for stable autonomous movement of the bomb after separation of the aircraft, thereby increasing its penetrating ability.

In an aerial bomb, the clamp of the folded position of the feathers can be made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell with weakened sections along the generatrix.

Such a technical solution makes it possible to ensure assembly-by-assembly assembly of the bomb and thereby reduce the complexity of its manufacture.

In an aerial bomb, the tube cavity between the bottom fuse and the powder charge can be divided by a sleeve with central and radial holes that gas-dynamically connect the cavity with the powder charge, respectively, with the bottom fuse of the warhead and with the free volume between incendiary warheads.

This technical solution can significantly simplify the design of the docking station warhead and PC and increase the reliability of the bomb.

Figure 1 shows an aerial bomb.

Figure 2 shows the radial section of the bomb at the location of incendiary warheads.

Figure 3 shows the latch of the folded position of the feathers of the stabilizer.

The aircraft bomb contains a warhead 1, including a bottom fuse 2, a parachute container 3 with launchers 4 and unpacking 5, a docking unit for warheads with a PC, including a pipe 6, a sleeve 7, a powder charge 8, incendiary warheads 9 and a stabilizer consisting of a perforated pipe 10, the flange 11, the eyes 12, feathers 13, the clamp of the folded position of the feathers 14.

The work of the bomb is as follows.

At the time of entry of the bomb into the air stream, a thermal pulse is supplied to the unpacking device 5 of the parachute container 3, which activates a pyrotechnic moderator, during the burning of which the bomb is decelerated by the side surface during non-oriented flight. After the deceleration time has elapsed, the parachute system is introduced into the air stream, and the launch device 4 of the parachute container 3 is simultaneously activated. The parachute system orientates the axis of the bomb along the normal to the obstacle surface.

After a sufficient time has passed for the longitudinal axis of the bomb to be oriented normal to the obstacle surface, the launch device 4 of the parachute container 3 is triggered, the parachute system is detached from the bomb and the powder charge 8 is activated, and when activated, the bottom fuse is activated through the central hole in the sleeve 7 2 of the warhead 1, and through the radial holes of the sleeve 7, the combustion products of the powder charge 8 enter the free volume between the incendiary warheads 9, activating them. When the desired pressure is reached, the retainer of the folded position 14 of the feathers 13 is destroyed and incendiary combat elements 9 are introduced into the air stream. The aerial bomb with the stabilizer open with acceleration continues to move toward the target. When meeting a target, warhead 1 is triggered, creating a high-explosive and fragmentation effect on the target. At the same time incendiary warheads reach the target and are located along the radius from the point of detonation of the warhead, creating an additional incendiary effect.

The implementation of the proposed technical solutions in the design of the bomb, confirmed by the results of ground and flight tests, can improve the effectiveness of its action by expanding the list of targets hit by the bomb.

Claims (5)

1. An aviation bomb containing a warhead with a bottom fuse, a parachute container and a docking assembly, characterized in that the docking assembly is made in the form of a pipe, on which a feather stabilizer with a lock of the folded position of the feathers is placed, between which incendiary warheads are placed, at the same time, a powder charge is placed in the cavity of the tube, gas-dynamically connected with the bottom fuse and incendiary warheads, and the parachute container is equipped with a trigger device. 2. The bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the feather stabilizer comprises a perforated pipe rigidly connected to the annular flange, in which the eyes are evenly spaced around the outer cylindrical surface, while the stabilizer feathers are spring-loaded and pivotally fixed in the said eyes . 3. The bomb according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the latch of the folded position of the feathers is made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell with weakened sections along the generatrix. 4. The bomb according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cavity of the pipe between the bottom fuse and the powder charge is divided by a sleeve with a central and radial holes, gas-dynamic connecting the cavity with the powder charge, respectively, with the bottom fuse of the warhead and with free volume between incendiary warheads . 5. The bomb according to claim 3, characterized in that the cavity of the pipe between the bottom fuse and the powder charge is divided by a sleeve with a central and radial openings, gasdynamically connecting the cavity with the powder charge, respectively, with the bottom fuse of the warhead and with a free volume between incendiary warheads.

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