RU2348146C1 - Logging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: logging machine consists of a power module represented by a self-propelled chassis and two replaceable and interchangeable process modules mounted onto the power one. One of the modules is equipped with a handling mechanism and a log cargo hold. The other module is equipped with a winch and a pantograph. One of the pantograph base supports is pivotally mounted with the other one enabling regulation of position within the horizontal plane with the help of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to the process module frame. In the pantograph top section there is a cargo hold arranged with the winch cable passed through it.

EFFECT: improved energy efficiency of the logging process; enhanced performance; minimisation of damage caused to the soil, undergrowth and roots of the remaining trees.

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Description

The invention relates to a technology for collecting bundles of trees (whips) and their skidding and can be used in the forest industry and forestry.

A skidding machine is known, including a three- or four-axle self-propelled chassis with an articulated frame on which a manipulator and a device for holding a bunch of assortments are mounted (Harvesting assortments in a cutting area. Technology and machines / A.V. Zhukov, N.K. Ievin, A.S. Fedorenchik et al. - M .: Ecology, 1993. - 312 p.).

The disadvantage of this machine is that it has limited cross-country ability on forest soils, especially in wetlands.

A well-known skidding machine, including a self-propelled chassis with an articulated frame, on which technological equipment is mounted, including a winch, boom and a device for holding a transportable pack. The boom is equipped with drives to change its outreach and is mounted on a rotary column, which is mounted in the pipe. The rotary column is equipped with a mechanism for turning it around a vertical axis, for example, hydraulic cylinders with rod rods in contact with a ring gear, rigidly connected to the rotary column. In this case, the hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the pipe. At the free end of the boom there is a grip with its drives and a deflecting unit for the cargo rope, which is fixed at one end to the winch drum. The pipe is rigidly mounted on a self-propelled chassis. Winch drive can be carried out from the hydraulic motor through the gearbox. The winch is mounted on a self-propelled chassis by means of levers at one end pivotally mounted on brackets rigidly mounted on a self-propelled chassis, and others pivotally connected to the axis of the winch. The rotation of the levers is carried out by a drive consisting of hydraulic cylinders pivotally mounted on a self-propelled chassis, and rods pivotally connected to a rocker, one ends pivotally mounted on brackets, and the other ends pivotally connected to rods that are free ends pivotally connected to the levers between the axes of rotation with hinges of communication with the winch. The winch is equipped with a support rigidly connected to the winch body (RU No. 2294621 C1, A01G 23/00, 03/10/2007).

The disadvantages of this machine is that the technological equipment of the winch and manipulator are located on the frame, which makes the skidding machine heavier and reduces the load on the flight, increases the static and dynamic loads on the undercarriage of the chassis when the winch is operating.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the fact that the front part of the articulated frame is an energy module, and on its second part, the technological module, a winch with a folded frame made in the form of a pantograph is installed, in which one support is pivotally mounted in the base, and the second with the possibility of changes in position in the horizontal plane by means of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to the frame of this device, and in the upper part a cargo block is mounted through which the cargo rope is passed, to It is used for wood underframes.

Skidding machine according to the proposed method, includes an energy module and two technological modules. On the first one, a winch with a folded frame, made in the form of a pantograph, is installed, in which one support is mounted pivotally at the base, and the second with the possibility of changing the position in the horizontal plane by means of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to the frame of this device, and a cargo block is mounted in the upper part, through which a freight rope is passed, which is used for undermining of wood along apiary drag. On the second - a manipulator and a device for holding a bunch of assortments when skidding along the main drag.

The proposed skidding machine reduces energy consumption per unit skidding volume of wood, since in the second stage of skidding the load on the flight does not decrease due to the gravity of the winch, and also when it is used, the areas of undergrowth and soil cover will be much less damaged, as well as the root system growing trees.

In the patent and scientific literature of a similar design, the skidder is not found.

Figure 1 shows a forestry machine with a technological module, including a winch with a folded frame, made in the form of a pantograph, when performing the first stage of skidding; figure 2 - logging machine with a technological module that includes a manipulator and a device for holding a bunch of assortments, used in the second stage of skidding.

The skidder has an energy module 1. Two technological modules can be connected to the machine, one of which consists of a chassis 2, a platform 3, on which a winch 4 with a load-carrying rope 5 and chokers 6 is installed, and a folded frame 7 made in the form of a pantograph in which at the base one support is mounted pivotally, and the second with the possibility of changing position in the horizontal plane by means of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to the frame of this device, and in the upper part a cargo block 8 is mounted; the second one consists of a chassis 9, a platform 10, on which a manipulator 11 and a device for holding a pack 12 are mounted.

Skidding machine operates as follows.

A skidder can skid both separately lying assortments on a cutting area, and prepared bundles after felling by a feller buncher.

Skidding machine 1 drives along the main drag to the next apiary with fallen trees (whips) or with small bundles prepared by a feller buncher; the operator, controlling the hydraulic cylinder, changes the position of the support in order to raise the support block 8 to a predetermined height, through which a load-carrying rope 5 is passed, which is pulled along the apiary to the place of formation of the bundle of whips (trees). Then, fallen trees (whips) are chocked by chokers 6, the winch 4 mounted on the technological module for winding the load-carrying rope is turned on, trees (whips) are formed into bundles and are warmed up to the main draw, where they are unhooked and left behind. Next, the cycle is repeated until all the trees or small bundles from the apiary to the length of the load-bearing rope are podrezlivany to the main drag. After skidding of all available trees, the logging machine moves to another apiary and the re-scrubbing cycle is repeated as described above until all the wood from apiaries adjacent to the main draw has been skidded. Then, branches are cut off from the trees and they are trimmed by any of the known methods. At this time, the forestry machine changes the technological modules in the upper warehouse. Subsequently, the assortments are loaded by the capture of the manipulator 11 into the device 12 and skim along the main drag to the upper warehouse.

The proposed method of skidding reduces energy consumption for the skidding process, damage to the soil, undergrowth and root system of the remaining trees, increases the productivity of the machine.

Claims (1)

Skidding machine, which includes an energy module in the form of a self-propelled chassis and made with the possibility of attaching two interchangeable technological modules to it, one of which has a manipulator and a cargo compartment for holding logs, and the other has a winch and pantograph, in which there is one the support is pivotally mounted, and the second with the possibility of changing the position in the horizontal plane by means of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to the frame of the technological module, and in the upper part of the pant AFA mounted cargo block, through which the winch cargo rope is passed.

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