RU2225541C2 - Method of and device for compression of media in jet apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: jet facilities. SUBSTANCE: according to proposed method, active and passive media are delivered into apparatus and are mixed in mixing chamber forming a two-phase mixture with acceleration of mixture first to sonic speed and then, in expansion chamber, to supersonic speed, and shock wave is formed to brake mixture at corresponding rise of static pressure after shock wave and conversions of flow into single-phase form after which medium is delivered to consumer. Static pressure after shock wave should be less than half of sum of braking pressure after shock wave and stating pressure before shock wave. Active medium is fed into apparatus at supersonic speed, and static pressure in mixing chamber is set lower than passive medium pressure. Braking pressure after shock wave should exceed consumer pressure. Proposed device contains mixing chamber with nozzles to deliver gaseous and liquid media installed coaxially to mixing chamber, expansion chamber and diffuser with neck located at expansion chamber outlet. Neck is made in form of cylindrical branch pipe. Mixing chamber is connected with expansion chamber, and nozzle to deliver gaseous medium is made in form of geometric supersonic nozzle, and diffuser with branch pipe is installed for displacement along longitudinal axis. EFFECT: no energy consumption for delivery of passive medium, reduced consumption of active medium. 9 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of inkjet technology and can be used in various sectors of the economy: power engineering for heat supply systems, hot water supply, chemical water treatment, water degassing, preparation of fuel oil for burning; in the oil and oil refining industry, as well as in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical industries as dispensers, homogenizers, sterilizers, etc.

A known method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus [1], which consists in the fact that the apparatus serves with subsonic speed active and passive media, mix the medium in the mixing chamber with the formation of a two-phase mixture, with the acceleration of the mixture first to sound speed, and then in the expansion chamber - to a supersonic speed, a shock wave is arranged to inhibit the mixture with a corresponding increase in static pressure after the shock and the transformation of the flow into single-phase, after which it is supplied to the consumer.

From the same patent a device is known for implementing a method for compressing media in an inkjet apparatus, comprising a mixing chamber, nozzles for supplying gaseous and liquid media coaxially mounted thereto, an expansion chamber located at the outlet of the mixing chamber and a diffuser with a neck mounted at the outlet of the expansion chamber, this neck is made in the form of a cylindrical pipe.

However, in the known method of compressing media in the expansion chamber, atmospheric pressure is maintained, which reduces the efficiency of the jet apparatus, impedes its reliable operation, and in some cases makes the apparatus inoperative. In addition, the design of the apparatus is quite complex, because to increase the braking efficiency of a supersonic two-phase flow, the diffuser is made with a complex profile and is equipped with a central body mounted on a damping spring.

Closest to the claimed invention is a method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus and a device for its implementation [2], which consists in the fact that active and passive media are fed into the apparatus at subsonic speed, the media are mixed in the mixing chamber with the formation of a two-phase mixture with acceleration of the mixture first to sound speed, and then in the expansion chamber to supersonic speed, a shock wave is organized to slow the mixture with a corresponding increase in static pressure after the shock wave and flow conversion single phase, and then supplied to the consumer, the static pressure after the shock wave should be less than half the sum of braking pressure after the jump, and the static pressure before the jump. In addition, in the expiration zone in the expansion chamber, the static pressure before the shock wave is set lower than the ambient pressure, and the static pressure after the shock wave is set to be greater than or equal to the ambient pressure.

An additional stream can be introduced into the mixing chamber, after which the mixture of media is accelerated to its own speed of sound. In addition, heat and / or mass can be supplied to the mixture of media until it reaches its own speed of sound, and heat and / or mass can be removed from the supersonic flow of the mixture of media.

The same patent describes a device for implementing a method of compressing media, comprising a mixing chamber, coaxially mounted nozzles for supplying gaseous and liquid media, an expansion chamber located at the outlet of the expansion chamber and a diffuser with a neck mounted at the outlet of the expansion chamber, the neck being made conical, tapering along the flow of the mixture of media, the expansion chamber communicates directly with the neck of the diffuser and is equipped with an outlet pipe with an unloading valve, and the diameter of the neck is equal to 1 3 hydraulic diameters of the outlet section of the mixing chamber. In addition, the device can be equipped with a device for supplying additional medium in the direction of flow of the medium in the direction of flow of the mixture of media, located upstream of the output section of the mixing chamber, the neck of the diffuser is aligned with the mixing chamber, the output section of the mixing chamber can be made in the form of a diaphragm , and the unloading valve can be equipped with means for adjusting the pressure of its opening.

However, in the known device for compressing media, it is necessary to ensure a significant consumption of the active medium. For example, in a transonic inkjet apparatus - “Transonik” and its further modification “Fisonik” used in heat power engineering, the consumption of expensive steam reaches 14% of the flow rate of supplied cold water. In addition, the design of such an apparatus does not allow to widely vary the output parameters of hot water.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to eliminate the energy costs of supplying a passive medium and reducing the consumption of the active medium, as well as regulating the characteristics of the active and passive environments and expanding the range of parameters of the medium obtained at the outlet of the apparatus: pressure, temperature and flow rate.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus, which consists in supplying active and passive media to the apparatus, the media in the mixing chamber are mixed to form a two-phase mixture, with the mixture accelerated first to sound speed and then to the expansion chamber - to a supersonic speed, a shock wave is arranged to inhibit the mixture with a corresponding increase in static pressure after the shock wave and the flow is converted to single-phase, after which it is supplied to the consumer, moreover, the static pressure is According to the invention, the active medium is fed into the apparatus at supersonic speed and the static pressure in the mixing chamber is set lower than the pressure of the passive medium, in addition, the braking pressure after the shock is established high consumer pressure.

In terms of the device, the inkjet apparatus for implementing the method of compressing media comprises a mixing chamber, coaxially mounted nozzles for supplying gaseous and liquid media, an expansion chamber and a diffuser with a neck installed at the output of the expansion chamber, the neck being made in the form of a cylindrical nozzle, the chamber being mixing is connected to the expansion chamber, the nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made in the form of a geometric supersonic nozzle, and a diffuser with a nozzle is mounted with the possibility of movement along longitudinal axis.

In addition, the mixing and expansion chambers can be made with a central body coaxial with it, mounted for movement along the axis.

A geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium can be performed:

- annular with a central body mounted coaxially with the nozzle with the possibility of movement along the axis;

- rectangular or elliptical section;

- with an oblique cut of the supersonic part of the nozzle;

- in the form of a nozzle block.

In addition, for additional supply of a gaseous medium on the side surface of the supersonic part of the geometric supersonic nozzle, holes can be made.

Figure 1 presents a longitudinal section of a jet apparatus for implementing a method of compressing media; figure 2 is a fragment of an inkjet apparatus with a Central body, coaxial mixing and expansion chambers and installed with the possibility of movement along the axis; figure 3 is a fragment of a jet apparatus with a geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium, made with a Central body mounted coaxially with the nozzle with the possibility of movement along the axis; figure 4 is a fragment of an inkjet apparatus with a nozzle block providing a common supply of the active medium; figure 5 is a fragment of an inkjet apparatus with holes made on the side surface of a supersonic part of a geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium.

A device for implementing a method of compressing media comprises a mixing chamber 1, coaxially mounted thereto: a nozzle 2 for supplying a passive medium, a geometric supersonic nozzle 3 for supplying an active medium, an expansion chamber 4 located at the outlet of the chamber, and a diffuser with a neck 5 mounted on the output of the expansion chamber, while the neck is made in the form of a cylindrical pipe. The mixing chamber 1 is connected to the expansion chamber 4, and the diffuser with the pipe 5 is mounted with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis. In addition, the mixing chamber 1 and the expansion 4 may contain a Central body 6, mounted coaxially with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis.

The geometric supersonic nozzle 3 can be made annular with a central body 7 mounted coaxially with the nozzle with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis.

Geometric supersonic nozzle 3 can be made in the form of a nozzle block 8 with a common supply of gas mixture.

Geometric supersonic nozzle 3 can be made with holes 9 on the side surface of the supersonic part of the nozzle.

The method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus is as follows. The active medium is fed through a geometric supersonic nozzle 3, as a result of which a supersonic nonisobaric jet is formed. Since the active medium is fed into the apparatus at a supersonic speed and the static pressure in the mixing chamber is set lower than the pressure of the passive medium, the jet involves the mass of the passive medium entering through the nozzle 2 in motion, with the formation of a two-phase mixture, which enters the interconnected mixing chamber 1 and expansion 4, where a supersonic two-phase jet is formed. When the jet acts on the outlet pipe of the diffuser 5, mounted with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis, a shock wave is formed, which is accompanied by a decrease in the flow rate, but a significant increase in its pressure and temperature; moreover, the braking pressure after the shock wave set large pressure consumer.

To control the output parameters of the two-phase mixture, the mixing chamber 1 and expansion 4 can be made with a central body 6 coaxial with it, mounted with the possibility of movement along the axis.

To change the characteristics of the gaseous medium, the geometric supersonic nozzle 3 for its inlet is made annular with a central body 7 mounted coaxially with the nozzle with the possibility of movement along the axis.

In order to increase the ejection properties of a supersonic nonisobaric jet of an active medium, a supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium 3 can be made: rectangular or elliptical section, with an oblique section of the supersonic part of the nozzle, as well as in the form of a nozzle block 8 with a common supply of a gas mixture.

To improve the mixing of active and passive media on the side surface of the supersonic part of the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium 3, holes 9 are made.

The inventive method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus and device for its implementation will eliminate the energy costs of supplying a passive medium and reduce the consumption of the active medium to 10%. In addition, depending on the values of the single-phase flow parameters at the outlet of the apparatus, which are necessary for the consumer, they can vary in a wider range than before: for example, pressure up to 300 atm, and temperature up to 190 ° С.

Sources of information

1. US patent No. 3200764, CL. 417 - 185, 1965.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2016261, F 04 F 5/02, 1994.

Claims (9)

1. A method of compressing media in an inkjet apparatus, which consists in supplying active and passive media to the apparatus, mixing the media in the mixing chamber with the formation of a two-phase mixture, with the mixture accelerating first to sound speed, and then in the expansion chamber to supersonic speed, organize a shock wave for braking the mixture with a corresponding increase in static pressure after the shock wave and converting the flow to single-phase, and then it is supplied to the consumer, and the static pressure after the shock wave should be less earlier than half the braking pressure after the shock wave and the static pressure before the shock wave, characterized in that the active medium is supplied to the apparatus at a supersonic speed and the static pressure in the mixing chamber is set lower than the pressure of the passive medium, in addition, the braking pressure after the shock wave is set higher than the consumer pressure . 2. A device for implementing the method, comprising a mixing chamber, coaxially mounted nozzles for supplying gaseous and liquid media, an expansion chamber and a diffuser with a neck mounted at the outlet of the expansion chamber, the neck being made in the form of a cylindrical nozzle, characterized in that the mixing chamber connected to the expansion chamber, the nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made in the form of a geometric supersonic nozzle, and a diffuser with a nozzle is mounted to move along the longitudinal axis. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the mixing and expansion chambers are made with a central body coaxial with it and mounted with the possibility of movement along the axis. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made annular with a central body mounted coaxially with the nozzle with the possibility of movement along the axis. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made of rectangular cross-section. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made of an elliptical section. 7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made with an oblique section of the supersonic part of the nozzle. 8. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium is made in the form of a nozzle block with a common supply of a gas mixture. 9. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the holes are made on the lateral surface of the supersonic part of the geometric supersonic nozzle for supplying a gaseous medium.

Images