RU2297359C1 - High-speed motor ship - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: smaller high-speed ships used for sports, recreation, rescue and carrying of low-tonnage cargoes.

SUBSTANCE: proposed ship has passenger seat 3 in fore section 2 which is made integral with ship's hull and is provided with hand-rests 5 and foot-rests 6, as well as water-and-air discharge passage 12 for drainage of outside water. Passage 12 is connected with ship's bottom forming transversal planing step 11. Seat is located in front of screw-rudder without reducing the viewing angle for driver. Seat ensures reclined position of passenger. Centering of ship is effected due to sternward shift of driver's seat and/or storage battery and/or fuel tank and/or luggage.

EFFECT: high speed of ship with no increase of propulsor power.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to small-sized high-speed vessels, in particular to motorized vessels that can be used for sports, recreation, rescue and transportation of cargo of small tonnage.

An ordinary vessel of a displacement type has good stability and is suitable for loads of different tonnage. However, with the increase of the transported cargo, the introduction of additional passenger seats in the bow of the vessel, the draft of the hull also increases and, as a result, the hydrodynamic resistance during the movement of the vessel, which leads to increased power consumption. Therefore, an increase in speed and an improvement in the driving performance of the vessel are difficult. Such vessels are disclosed, for example, in US patent No. 3839757, 4567845, 5123372.

The hydrofoil vessel eliminates a significant part of the hydrodynamic drag, and its speed increases. However, its cargo capacity and seaworthiness are low.

A surface vessel, for example, an hovercraft, eliminates hydrodynamic drag, and its speed increases. However, it cannot use hydrodynamic buoyancy to maintain a large weight. In addition, the creation of a dynamic air cushion requires significant power consumption. In particular, its advantage disappears when exposed to a crosswind.

Shallow draft boats, when planing, increase their speed. With deep or shallow-sitting housing with V-shaped contours, its on-course stability and lateral stability are improved. However, its body with a pitching angle causes an increase in hydrodynamic resistance due to an increase in the wetted bottom surface and a surge on both sides. In addition, its tendency to move at an angle to the water with its nose bowed and the stern lowered further increases the hydrodynamic resistance, which gives rise to the tendency to bounce and pitching at high speed or on a stormy sea. Some modernized planes with shallow-sitting hulls with V-shaped contours or with a partially deep-sitting V-shaped bottom have some advantages, for example, protected by US patents NN 5265554, 5016552, 5231949, 4722294, etc. However, their driving performance remains within the framework of V-shaped planes, and the improvements are minor. In addition, such gliders have low functionality - they are not suitable for additional passenger accommodation or placement in additional compartments of the vessel, for example, in the bow of its cargo of small tonnage. This arrangement can lead to trim on the bow of the vessel, which in turn increases the hydrodynamic resistance during movement of the vessel and, accordingly, impairs the propulsion of the glider. As a rule, such passenger seats on the bow of the vessel are used for low speed of the vessel or anchorage. Such vessels are disclosed in the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 33086 and in the application for US invention No. 2002/0174821, which is taken as the closest analogue.

Thus, the task to which the claimed invention is directed is to create a small-sized high-speed vessel containing a passenger seat in the bow of the hull that does not contain the above-mentioned disadvantages.

In solving this problem, a technical result is achieved, which consists in ensuring the safe use of the vessel while expanding its functional and operational capabilities due to the introduction of an additional passenger seat or a place for locating cargo of small tonnage in the bow of the vessel, while reducing the support force of the vessel and the high hydrodynamic force acting on the bottom of the vessel during high-speed movement, which allows for full rigging of the vessel to maintain high speed without the cost of increasing power the propulsion of the ship. Moreover, such a vessel has the correct stability without trim on the bow.

Data and other technical results are achieved by the fact that in a motorized high-speed vessel containing a passenger seat in the bow of the hull, the passenger seat is made in one piece with the hull in the form of a chair containing grab handles and foot supports on the sides, and also a water-air drainage channel (self-draining scupper) for the removal of incoming sea water under the bottom of the vessel, which is connected to the bottom of the vessel and forms a transverse edging at the bottom of the bottom, while the seat is located in front of the steering column without reducing the viewing angle rer and arranged to reclining passenger location, and center of gravity to the stern.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the center of gravity (centering of the vessel) is offset by shifting the driver and / or battery and / or fuel tank and / or boot to the stern.

The vessel further comprises a removable folding ladder secured to the bow of the vessel. For a more comfortable and safe seating of the passenger in the seat, the latter is covered with a shock-absorbing coating.

In another preferred embodiment, the small motorized high-speed vessel is made in the form of a jet ski.

Two handles-handrails on the sides of the chair and in the very nasal extremity of the sides, two handles-supports are used when the passenger leaves or loading the injured person out of the water, and when the vessel moves, as a leg support. At the same time, on the very bow of the vessel there may be an additional leg support handle fixed laterally.

The implementation of the passenger seat in the bow and in one piece with the hull and with the possibility of a reclining location of the passenger can reduce air resistance during high-speed movement of the vessel.

With this movement and due to the centering of the vessel — shifting the center of gravity to the stern, the feed rises very close to the water level (draft decreases by 4–5 times), due to which the trim is noticeably reduced in comparison with the small course of the vessel. The force of maintenance is negligible compared to the hydrodynamic force. The resistance of a given vessel is much less than the resistance of a conventional vessel of equal displacement and traveling at equal speed.

In the lowest part of the passenger seat, a water-air outlet channel (scupper) is made, which is tilted to the stern and connected to the bottom of the vessel and decorated at the exit of the bottom in the form of a transverse redan open to the stern, and serves both to divert seawater and to aeration of the front of the bottom of the vessel during movement due to rarefaction created by the redan.

The invention will now be disclosed with reference to the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a variant of a motorized high-speed vessel according to this invention in the form of a jet ski; figure 2 is the same, with one embodiment of the chair and a folding ladder.

A small motorized high-speed vessel, for example, a jet ski 1 (Fig. 1), contains a passenger seat 3 in the bow 2 of the hull, which is made in one piece with the hull in the form of a chair made of material that encloses the body for a more comfortable and safe location of the passenger. The chair 4 contains handles-handrails 5 and handles-supports for legs 6, designed to fix the stationary position of the body of the passenger during the movement of the jet ski. Handles 6 are also used to exit the passenger from the water. The air-duct channel 12 of the chair, designed to drain the outboard water under the bottom of the jet ski 1, is made obliquely to the stern, connected to the bottom of the vessel and forms a protruding redan 11 at the exit of the bottom. Passenger seat 4 is located in front of the steering column 7, without reducing this angle of view to the driver (driver's seat 8). The seat is designed so that the passenger is located in a reclining position in it, while it may contain a headrest for a more convenient location of the passenger in a reclining position. To improve the convenience of passenger exit or loading the victim from the water in the bow of the vessel, the seat 4 is equipped with a telescopic folding ladder-ladder 9, which is fixed with the possibility of removal on the bow of the vessel (figure 2). In addition, the jet ski contains another 10 seat for the passenger, located closer to the stern behind the driver.

A vessel of this design operates as follows.

In the very fore end of the ship’s hull there is a place (s) for the passenger / passengers for the reclining location of the passenger / passengers. The recumbent position of the passenger provides a low center of gravity of the loaded vessel, which slightly compensates for the shift in the center of gravity of the vessel and increases its stability both afloat and while moving. The passenger is seated in a chair and assumes a semi-recumbent position, being fixed with the help of grab handles and foot support handles. In the event that the passenger leaves the water, he can use a folding ladder and support handles. The driver of the vessel is located behind the passenger in a higher sitting position. Behind the driver there may be another passenger in a sitting position.

When the vessel moves and air is supplied through the channel under the front of the bottom of the vessel, in the place of the redan, an air cavity is formed due to partial aeration. In this case, the resistance to motion decreases due to the rarefaction created behind the redan. When the vessel moves on an agitated surface while exposing the rib and the subsequent immersion of the hull in the wave, the rib softens the impact, because water leakage to the bottom surface occurs with lower angles of attack. At the following moments of the vessel’s movement, the air cavity is quickly restored with the help of the supplied air along the rib channel. Due to the quick filling of the cavity, the resistance of the water to the movement of the vessel decreases.

The proposed motor high-speed vessel provides:

- increased hydrodynamic resistance due to partial aeration of the vessel, which leads to a decrease in power consumption of the motor and the preservation of the speed of the vessel;

- ease of entry (exit) of a passenger both on the shore and out of the water;

- provides the driver with constant control over the passenger (his condition), since the passenger is in front of the driver.

The proposed vessel can be used as:

- water vehicle;

- sports and entertainment vessel (including a jet ski);

- as a fast rescue tool;

- A ship for emergency assistance to drowning people in open waters.

Claims (5)

1. A motorized high-speed vessel containing a passenger seat in the bow of the hull, characterized in that the passenger seat is made in one piece with the hull in the form of a chair, containing handles on the sides and grab handles, as well as water and an air outlet channel for discharging incoming sea water under the bottom of the vessel, which is connected to the bottom of the vessel and at the exit of the bottom forms a transverse redan, while the seat is located in front of the steering column, without reducing the viewing angle to the driver, and is made with the possibility of reclining passenger tions, and the center of gravity shifted to the stern of the vessel. 2. Motor high-speed vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of gravity of the vessel is shifted by shifting the driver’s seat and / or the battery and / or fuel tank and / or trunk to the stern. 3. Motor fast ship according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a removable folding ladder, fixed in the bow of the vessel. 4. Motor high-speed vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that the seat is covered with a shock-absorbing coating. 5. Motor high-speed vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is made in the form of a jet ski.

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