RU2287751C1 - Convective drier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drying.

SUBSTANCE: convective dryer comprises vertical well with rectangular cross-section having the charging hopper and discharging device made of the sections of the inclined collecting grid shelves that are mounted one above the other and define the Z-shaped passage for moving the material to be dried. Each of the sections has supplying and discharging collectors for the drying agent. The sections are insulated and interconnected by branch pipes mounted from the outer side of the well. The shelves are composed of bottom and top members interconnected through the rollers. The bottom member is connected with the inner wall of the well by means of a pivot arranged at the sites where the branch pipes are connected, and the top member is secured to the section wall by means of a rack mechanism mounted from inside of each section. Each top member receives shutters so that when the shelves move vertically, their angle of rotation varies.

EFFECT: enhanced quality and efficiency of drying.

Description

The invention relates to the grain processing industry, in particular for drying bulk and granular materials.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a convective heater (patent SU No. 1305514, F 26 В 17/12), containing a vertical shaft of rectangular cross section, consisting of sections mounted on top of each other with inclined shelves inside in the form of trihedral prisms, two inclined faces are made in the form of two identical gas distribution grids installed with the possibility of mutual movement along their planes, and the third face adjacent to the vertical wall of the shaft, the heater contains There is a loading and unloading device, inlet and outlet collectors.

Known heater has several disadvantages:

- the inability to implement the process of zone drying in variable modes;

- does not allow the drying process of materials in various temperature conditions, since it is not provided for individual connection of the outlet collectors to each individual section;

- the inability to control the speed of the drying agent in sections, since it is not provided for individual connection of the outlet collectors for each section;

- low quality of the dried product.

An object of the invention is to improve the quality of the dried product and the intensification of the drying process.

The problem is achieved in that in a convective dryer, including a vertical rectangular shaft with a loading hopper and an unloading device, consisting of sections mounted on top of each other with inclined prefabricated perforated shelves forming a zigzag channel for moving the dried material from the loading hopper to the unloading device, leading a drying agent collector, with each section containing a supply agent of a drying agent, new is that the sections insulated from each other by a drying agent, interconnected by bulk nozzles installed on the outside of the shaft, while all sections are provided with the said exhaust collector of the drying agent, the shelves consist of upper and lower parts interconnected by rollers, the lower part being connected to the inner wall of the shaft with a hinge located at the points of accession of the filling nozzles, and the upper part is fixed to the wall of the section using a rack mechanism located on the inside to Each section and driven by an electric motor mounted on the outside of the shaft, the shelf is designed in such a way that blinds are installed inside each upper part of the shelf so that the angle of rotation changes when the shelf moves vertically, and a mesh surface is used as the perforated surface of the shelves.

The drawing shows a General view of a convective dryer.

A convective dryer contains a vertical shaft of rectangular cross section, consisting of three sections 1, 2, 3 mounted on top of each other (the number of sections depends on the type of bulk materials), interconnected by bulk pipes 4 installed on the outside of the shaft. Inside the sections there are mesh inclined shelves 5, which are prefabricated and consist of the upper 6 and lower 7 parts, the lower part being connected to the shaft wall by a hinge 8, located at the junction of the filling pipes 4, and combined with the upper part in connectors 9 s by means of rollers 10. The upper part 6 is fixed to the wall of the section by means of a rack mechanism 11 located on the inside of each section and driven by an electric motor installed on the outside of the shaft 12. Inside azhdoy upper portion 6 of modular shelves 5 mounted louver 13 so that the vertical movement of the shelf vary their angle of rotation. Drying agent collectors 14 are connected to the cavities of the shelves 5 of each section. Also, each section is equipped with exhaust collectors of the drying agent 15. The shaft is equipped with a hopper 16 for supplying wet material.

A convective dryer works as follows: the wet material enters section 1 through the feed hopper 16, and enters an inclined collecting shelf 5, where the drying agent enters through the feed manifold 14. The material moves down the perforated shelf 5 under the influence of gravity. The angle of inclination of the prefabricated shelf 5 may vary depending on the type of material being processed and its moisture content. At the same time, it is structurally provided that when moving in the vertical plane of the shelf 5 by means of the rack mechanism 11, the angle of rotation of the blinds 13 installed in the upper part 6 of the collecting shelf 5 changes simultaneously. So, if the humidity of the material is high, the angle of inclination of the collecting shelf 5 decreases, but when this angle of inclination remains greater than the angle of repose of the material, at the same time, the blinds 13 are rotated by a certain angle, increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper part of the shelf 6. This leads, firstly, to the material ahoditsya section for a longer time and, secondly, a larger amount of drying agent supplied through the supply manifold 14, passes through the product layer. The spent drying agent is discharged from the section through the exhaust manifold 15.

If the temperature of the material in the section rises above a predetermined one, the angle of inclination of the collecting shelf 5 increases and at the same time the cross-sectional area of the upper part 6 decreases by turning the louvres 13 and the dried material is poured through the overflow pipe.

Structurally, the prefabricated shelf 5 is made in such a way that the lower part 7 is fixed on one side with a hinge 8 on the inside of the section 1 at the junction of the filling nozzles, and the other side enters the cavity of the upper part 6 and is fixed using the roller 10.

The dried material from the upper section 1 through the overflow pipe 4 enters the underlying section 2, in which the drying process is carried out in a similar way.

Having successively passed through all sections of the vertical shaft through a zigzag channel formed by inclined prefabricated shelves, the dried material is discharged from the shaft by an unloading device (not shown).

The proposed convection dryer allows you to:

- carry out the drying process in variable modes due to the complete isolation of the sections from each other by a drying agent;

- installation of prefabricated shelves with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination and a corresponding change in the cross-sectional area of the shelves to carry out high-intensity and high-quality drying of materials with various physical and mechanical properties;

- the presence of inlet and outlet collectors of a drying agent in each section allows you to maintain the temperature and hydrodynamic mode of the drying process in sections;

- improve the quality of the dried product;

- intensify the drying process.

Claims (1)

A convective dryer, including a vertical rectangular shaft with a loading hopper and an unloading device, consisting of sections mounted on top of each other with inclined prefabricated perforated shelves forming a zigzag channel for moving the dried material from the loading hopper to the unloading device, the outlet collector of the drying agent, each the section contains lead collectors of the drying agent, characterized in that the sections are isolated from each other by drying agent ntu are interconnected by bulk nozzles installed on the outside of the shaft, while all sections are provided with the said exhaust collector of the drying agent, the shelves consist of upper and lower parts, interconnected by means of rollers, the lower part being connected by a hinge located at the points of accession of the filling nozzles, and the upper part is fixed to the wall of the section using a rack mechanism located on the inside of each section and driven by by the electric motor installed on the outside of the shaft of the shaft, the shelf is designed in such a way that blinds are installed inside each upper part of the shelf so that the angle of rotation changes with the vertical movement of the shelf, the mesh is used as the perforated surface of the shelves.