RU2285888C2 - Method for protection of movable ground object against detection and damage by high-accuracy weapon with infrared homing heads and screening device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, applicable for reduction of probability of detection of a movable ground object.

SUBSTANCE: the method consists in abstraction of heat flow of exhaust gases from the engine-transmission compartment of the movable ground object through the exhaust ports of the heat flow exhaust system with the aid of an additional screening device installed in the aft of the movable ground object, the exhaust gas heat flow is directed along the inner surface of the screening device tangentially to it so that the maximum of the temperature contrast with the environment would be at a distance of at least 1.0m from the object aft, then the direction of the heat flow longitudinal motion is changed through an angle of 90 to 120 deg. relative to its initial direction of flow towards the ground surface. A screening device is offered for realization of the method.

EFFECT: reduced probability of detection of the movable ground object.

3 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of masking and simulation and can be used to reduce the likelihood of detecting a moving ground object, for example, military, special and other types of equipment, in the infrared (IR) wavelength range and to increase its level of protection in combat conditions from precision-guided munitions (aiming ) equipped with infrared homing heads (GOS).

Known methods for reducing visibility and increasing the level of security of ground objects, including and moving objects, from detection by high-precision weapons (WTO) reconnaissance and guidance systems by infrared systems due to the use of shielding devices at the objects of protection (heat-reflecting screens, visors, screen-ejector devices, etc.), the use of heat-reflecting, heat-scattering or wide-range camouflage sets ( coatings) and paints and varnishes, installation of reflector-reflectors and changes in the design of exhaust systems of the object of protection, the use of smoke protective equipment, as well as the use of ary devices to form (simulate) the false heat goals.

The indicated methods and devices that implement them are described in sufficient detail in various sources of information (see, for example, B. Kurkov, “Enhancing Tank Survivability,” the journal “Technique and Armament”, 1990, p.3-5; Paliy A.I. “Electronic warfare.” - M .: Military Publishing House, 1974, p.216-219; RF patent No. 2107250 “Object protection system”, IPC 7 F 41 H 3/00, 1998; RF patent 2171442, IPC 7 A 41 P 3 / 00, H 01 Q 17/00, 2000, etc.).

All the protection methods noted above have certain specific disadvantages that reduce the effectiveness of their use in combat conditions to counter intelligence and detection systems in the IR wavelength range.

They are characterized, in particular, either by the complexity of the design of a moving ground object, or by the significant cost of their use (operation) or by the high cost of production, or by limited application conditions, or various other negative factors.

The closest in essence to the claimed method of protection is a method of creating IR traps on the soil surface by supplying heated exhaust gases to it from a vehicle engine, described and implemented in RF patent No. 2096722, IPC 7 F 41 N 3/00, 7/02 1997 (prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is that due to the removal of the heated exhaust gas stream away from the protection object, only one false thermal target (on the ground) is additionally created. Studies show that often this is not enough to significantly reduce the likelihood of a protected object being detected by the information components of the WTO equipped with an infrared seeker and ensuring the required survivability of the protected object. If the thermal characteristics of the real object of protection and the false target are identical, the probability of detection of the object of protection will be P _obn = 0.5, and if the radiation temperature of the local zone of the object is higher than the temperature of the false target (soil) -> 0.5. Those. more likely "capture" and the defeat of a real object.

The elimination of this drawback can be achieved by increasing the number of false thermal targets and simultaneously screening the machine-transmission compartment (MTO) of the moving ground object using the device of the proposed design.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed shielding device is a flexible camouflage device for all emission spectra of the exhaust gases of a military vehicle according to the application of France No. 2776766, IPC 7 F N 3/00, F 41 H 7/00, F 41 N 7/08, 1999 , which is used to reduce the thermal visibility of a moving ground object. This device is the closest in technical essence and the set of essential features to the claimed shielding device that implements the claimed method of protection (prototype).

The device is made in the form of a box, consisting of a rigid reinforced structure of the protective element with the upper and two side walls and a flexible element of the back wall made of foam, coated on both sides with a heat-resistant heat-reflecting fabric. The flexible element of the rear wall is attached to the rigid structure of the protective element.

The disadvantage of the design of this device is that it only provides shielding of the heated motor-transmission compartment of a moving ground object, but does not allow the formation of false thermal targets at a certain safe distance from the object itself for more reliable protection of the object from the WTO with infrared seeker by disabling guidance or redirecting weapons to false targets.

The technical result of the invention is aimed at reducing the likelihood of detecting a moving ground object, such as military, special and other types of equipment, in the infrared (IR) wavelength range and increasing its level of protection in combat conditions from precision-guided munitions (aiming) equipped with infrared homing heads (GOS).

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of protecting a moving ground object from detection and destruction by high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads, which consists in diverting from the motor-transmission compartment of a moving ground object through the exhaust windows of the exhaust heat flow exhaust system using an additional shielding device installed in aft of the movable ground object, then the heat flow of exhaust gases is directed along the inner surface of the shielding device tangentially to it so that the maximum temperature contrast with the environment is at least 1.0 m away from the rear of the object, and then the longitudinal direction of the heat flux is changed by an angle of 90 ... 120 ° relative to its original directions of movement towards the dirt surface.

A shielding device for implementing the method, comprising a protective heat-reflecting element in the form of a casing with flat upper and side walls made of flame-retardant heat-reflecting material, a flat reflecting element in the form of a metal visor-guide of a dihedral shape with an opening angle between faces of 120 ... 150 ° mounted by one face from the end face of the protective heat-reflecting element parallel to its upper wall.

The heat-reflecting screen can be made of stainless steel with a thickness of 1.5 ... 3.0 mm.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the design of the shielding device, Fig.2 - the principle of action (implementation of the method) in the formation of false thermal targets (on the surfaces of the shielding device and the ground), Fig.3 - embodiment of the shielding device, Fig.4 and 5 - photographs of a moving object equipped with a shielding device that implements the claimed method of protection in the infrared wavelength range (respectively, a side view of the object of protection and a rear view from the upper hemisphere of view).

In the drawings (photographs), the numbers indicate:

1 - moving ground object;

2 - engine transmission compartment;

3 - shielding device;

4 - heat-reflecting element;

5 - upper wall;

6 - side walls;

7 - reflective element (peak-guide dihedral shape)

8 - a flat metal face;

9 - heat flow of exhaust gases;

10 - aft of a moving ground object;

11 - exhaust system;

12 - soil surface;

13 - a false thermal target formed on the surface of the shielding device;

14 - false thermal target formed on the surface of the soil.

The design of the shielding device 3 for implementing the described method is mounted above the motor-transmission compartment 2 of the protection object 1 and contains a protective heat-reflecting element 4, which is made in the form of a casing with a flat top 5 and side 6 walls made of fire-resistant heat-reflecting material, as well as a flat reflective element 7.

Flat reflective element 7 is made in the form of a metal peak-guide dihedral shape. The opening angle between faces 8 is 120 ... 150 °. The specified reflective element is mounted in the aft part 10 of the moving object with one face from the end face of the protective heat-reflecting element 4 parallel to its upper wall 5.

The visor-guide 7 can be made of ordinary steel, painted with enamel type ХВ-518, stainless steel (without painting) or other similar materials. The optimum thickness of the visor, as shown by the results of experimental studies, is 1.5 ... 3.0 mm.

The method and device are implemented as follows.

The exhaust gas stream 9 through the exhaust system 11 (exhaust windows) of the protection object 1 (tracked vehicle) is supplied from the engine-transmission compartment 2 tangentially to the inner surface of the first (upper) facet 8 (at an acute angle to it, approximately 10 .. .30 ° to the horizontal surface of this face).

Due to the influence of the heat flow 9 of the exhaust gases, on the inner surface of the visor 7 there is a local heating of a certain area of the surface to a temperature exceeding the average overall contrast of the object of protection.

In this case, the maximum temperature contrast with the environment was at least 1.0 m away from the rear of the object.

Further, having reflected from the first face 8, the exhaust gas stream 9 is directed along the inner surface of the second face 8 to the lower hemisphere towards the ground surface 12. Moreover, the longitudinal direction of the heat flux is changed by an angle of 90 ... 120 ° relative to its original direction of movement .

On the surface of the shielding device 3, the first false thermal target 13 occurs. And on the surface of the soil 12 an additional false thermal target 14 is created, which is a highly heated zone located outside the protected object 1 at a distance of at least 1.0-1.2 m from its projection (from the stern 10 objects 1).

Thus, there is not only screening of the motor-transmission compartment of the object of protection, but also a decrease in the temperature contrast “object-background” and at the same time the formation of two false thermal targets, which, in essence, are outside the object 1 of protection.

The results of experimental studies on field samples in various episodes of measuring the radiation temperature of the surface of the local zones of the object of protection are presented in the table.

Table Temperature contrast of a moving object and its basic elements Items Temperature contrast, ° С Episode number one 2 3 Subject as a whole (medium contrast) 12.3 4.7 2.4 Chassis 19.7 9.1 9.7 Left / right hull 24.1 / 20.0 11.8 / 8.7 9.6 / 8.1 MTO from above 27.1 12.8 10.7 MTO back 31.1 19.7 15.3 Shielding device 45.2 21.6 15.3 Plot of land at a distance of 1 m behind the object 21.0 17.6 18.2

The radiation temperature of the surface of the local zones of the object was measured under the following conditions:

episode 1 - the chassis of a moving object is equipped with the inventive shielding device, air temperature - + 25 ° C, relative humidity - 90%, wind speed - 3-5 m / s, meteorological rainfall - are absent;

episode 2 - the same as for episode 1, in addition to the shielding device and MTO, a heat-reflecting coating is mounted, air temperature - 28 ° С, relative humidity - 100%, wind speed - 3-5 m / s, weather showers - short-term rain;

episode 3 - the same as for episode 2, the moving object is covered with a radar absorbing coating.

As a result of experimental studies, it was found that the radiation temperature (object-background contrast) of the engine-transmission compartment 2 and two false thermal targets 13 and 14 on the surface of the shielding device 3 and soil surface 12 is almost the same and provides a rather high probability of retargeting the WTO with IR GOS for false targets.

Calculations show that when an adversary uses a WTO with an infrared seeker having an explosive charge in the range of 50 ... 150 g of TNT, if the ammunition enters the shielding device 3 or a false target 14 on the ground surface, the moving ground object 1 will not receive significant damage from fragments ammunition and will remain operational.

Claims (3)

1. A method of protecting a movable ground object from detection and destruction by high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads, including the removal from the motor-transmission compartment of the movable ground object through the exhaust windows of the exhaust gas flow system using a shielding device installed in the aft of the movable ground object, characterized in that the heat flow of exhaust gases is directed along the inner surface of the shielding device with a maximum temperature contrast with the environment at a distance of at least 1.0 m from the rear of the object, and then change the direction of the heat flux by an angle of 90 ÷ 120 ° towards the soil surface relative to its original direction. 2. A shielding device for protecting a moving ground object from detection and defeat by high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads, containing a protective heat-reflecting element in the form of a casing with flat upper and side walls made of fire-resistant heat-reflecting material, characterized in that it is equipped with a reflecting element in the form of a metal peak - a dihedral-shaped guide with an angle between the sides of 120 ÷ 150 °, mounted with one face from the end face of the protective heat-reflecting ele ment parallel to its upper wall. 3. The shielding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat-reflecting element is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 1.5 ÷ 3.0 mm

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