RU2255813C1 - Flotation collector for non-sulfide ores and a method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: floatation dressing of non-sulfide ores.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of a floatation dressing of non-sulfide ores and may be used in production of floatation reagent-collectors on the basis of fatty acids. The floatation reagent-collector for non-sulfide ores is produced on the basis of saponated fatty acid. Before a saponification of a fatty acid it is heated up to 70-75°С and at stirring action as a regulator of polymerizing inject a phenolic antioxidant Ahydol-1 in amount of 0.5-5 mass %. After the saponification process a produced collector may be added with sodium alkyl sulfate in amount of 4-5 mass %. The flotation collector possesses a high-efficient and high-selective floatation of the non-sulfide ores predominantly barite-containing ores.

EFFECT: the invention ensures production of floatation reagent-collectors on the basis of fatty acids.

4 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to flotation concentration of non-sulfide ores, and in particular to the production of flotation collector reagents based on fatty acids.

The main collectors for the industrial flotation of non-sulfide ores are fatty acids (FA) and their soaps (oleic acid, sodium oleate, fatty acid fraction of tall oil (LCFTM), tall oil, etc.), alkyl sulfates and collective mixtures based on them.

Requirements for collectors - high efficiency and selectivity. However, the selectivity of the barite flotation collectors currently used is usually insufficient. To improve these properties, various chemicals and additives are added to the fatty acids. And a number of inventions are aimed at improving their selectivity.

A known method of preparing a fatty acid collector for flotation of barite, in which the fatty acid is emulsified in an aqueous solution of alkyl sulfate at 50-70 ° C [Dudakov SV et al. Fundamentals of the theory and practice of using flotation reagents. M .: Nedra, 1969, p. 376-377]. The disadvantage is the low collective ability of the emulsion.

An improvement of such an emulsion is disclosed in the known invention [SU 629983 A1, 1978], in which the emulsion is treated with hydrogen peroxide at 50-100 C.

Its disadvantages include a complicated cooking process and work with such a reagent, which requires extra care.

Further improvement is disclosed in the method of preparing a fatty acid collector [SU, 1763028 A1, 1992], which consists in the fact that ethylene glycol is introduced into the emulsion of the fatty acid collector in an aqueous solution of alkyl sulfate with stirring in a ratio from 1: 3 to 2: 1.

As a fatty acid, the mixture contains a fatty acid fraction of tall oil.

The disadvantage of the prototype, as well as analogues, is the low selectivity of the above mixture in relation to barite.

The present invention is the creation of a new collector based on fatty acids for highly efficient and highly selective flotation of non-sulfide ores.

The technical result is achieved by reducing excessive foaming during flotation and reducing reagent consumption.

The problem is achieved in that, as in the known in the proposed method, the flotation collector for non-sulfide ores is obtained on the basis of saponified fatty acid.

It is new that before saponification of a fatty acid it is heated to 70-75 ° C and, with stirring, a phenolic antioxidant Agidol-1 is introduced as a polymerization regulator in an amount of 0.5-5 wt.%.

In addition, fatty acid fraction of tall oil or oleic acid is used as the fatty acid.

In addition, after the saponification process, sodium alkyl sulfate in an amount of 4-5 wt.% Can be added to the resulting collector.

The problem is also solved by the fact that in the flotation collector for non-sulfide ores obtained by the proposed method, based on fatty acid and a phenol antioxidant polymerization regulator, Agidol-1, they are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

Agidol – 1 0.5-5

Fatty acid - the rest.

The process of saponification of a fatty acid, for example the fatty acid fraction of tall oil (LCFTM), is based on the neutralization of fatty acids by caustic and carbonic alkalis. When neutralizing fatty acids with caustic alkali, one molecule of caustic soda is consumed per molecule of fatty acids. As a result of the reaction, sodium salts of fatty acids and water are formed. ZhKFTM incorporate the following unsaturated acids: oleic, linoleic, linolenic, as well as a small amount of saturated acids - palmitic, stearic. On the example of one of the components of LCFTM, namely oleic acid, we consider the course of the saponification reaction:

означает, что реакция протекает в прямом и обратном направлении.Where

means that the reaction proceeds in the forward and reverse direction.

As a result of the chemical reaction, the sodium salt of oleic acid is formed, i.e. A classic neutralization reaction occurs with the release of heat. The chemical reactions for linoleic and linolenic acids are similar.

The position of the double bond may change with heating and various chemical influences. Heat treatment in an alkaline medium promotes the migration of a double bond to a position adjacent to the carboxyl group, which leads to increased polymerization and, as a consequence, to increased pricing during flotation. To reduce the polymerization process during the saponification of fatty acids, the present invention proposes the introduction of a polymerization regulator, resulting in a new collector product for foam flotation of non-sulfide ores, mainly barite-containing, but fluorite can also be extracted. As a polymerization regulator, it is proposed to add to the fatty acids (LCFTM, oleic acid, etc.) a phenol antioxidant, for example, 2,6-DI-tert-BUTIL-4-METHYLPHENOL, under the trade name Agidol-1 or Ionol.

The mechanism of action of Agidol-1 in our case is based on its ability to break off chain polymerization, the collector has a low molecular weight compared to the bulky polymer structures of the analog and prototype. The mobility of molecules in solutions is inversely proportional to molecular weight, lighter molecules of compounds are more mobile in solution and determine the high rate of their interaction with barite, and, as a result, enhances the collective properties of the reagent and reduces its consumption. In addition, flocs are broken into monomolecules and contribute to the cessation of excessive foaming, reducing the mechanical removal of waste rock.

The concentration limits of the polymerization regulator in the inventive mixture are experimentally established, a decrease in the Agidol-1 content below the lower boundary does not give a positive effect, and an increase of more than 5% leads to difficulties in transporting the product due to rapid foam destruction.

The invention is illustrated by examples of its implementation.

Example 1. The inventive collector for barite flotation was made as follows.

In 200 kg of ZhKFTM (TU 13-0281078-83-90) heated to 75 ° C, Agidol-1 was added in an amount of 8 kg (4%) and stirred until it was completely dissolved. Then, according to the standard scheme, the mixture was saponified and mixed with sodium alkyl sulfate in an amount of 5%.

The inventive method was tested in laboratory conditions of the Salair GOK, processing oxidized, barite-containing ores with a barite content of 28-35%.

A sample of crushed ore of the Salair GOK with a grain size of 60%, class 0.074 mm was placed in a laboratory flotation machine and in the presence of a depressant (liquid glass solution) in an amount of 400 g / t, mixed for 3 minutes and the proposed collector in an amount of 300 g / was added t After 1 min of agitation, the main flotation was carried out, followed by direction to the control with the addition of 200 g / t of the inventive collector. Then the concentrate was purified. As a result, a barite concentrate with a BaSO ₄ content _of at least 96.6 98% was obtained (previously, when using the well-known Baritol flotation reagent as a collector, a concentrate with a BaSO ₄ content _of no more than 91% was obtained). At the same time, the extraction was increased by 3-5% compared with analogues. The consumption of such a flotation reagent (20% activity) was 300-500 g / t, whereas the previously used Baritol reagent required 1000 g / t for the same activity.

Example 2. The inventive collector for fluorite flotation was made as follows.

In 200 kg of oleic acid (GOST 7580-91)) grade B 14, heated to 75 ° C, Agidol-1 was added in an amount of 8 kg (4%) and stirred until it was completely dissolved. Then, according to the standard scheme, the mixture was saponified.

The inventive collector was tested on ore of the Yaroslavl GOK during fluorite flotation.

The table shows comparative data showing the advantages of using the proposed collector in relation to the factory.

Table 1 Test conditions Product name Exit % % Content Extract% Factory mode YAGOK
Soap-2100 g / t, pH-9.2, T-66 ° С, Na ₂ S - 300 g / t L / W - 500 g / t Concert of the 2nd cleaning
Hw-you 1st cleanup
Twenty-second sludge treatment 94.48
4.74
21.84
22.5 38.7
43.2
16.9
1.2 Suggested Mode
Flotation collector without alkyl sulfate - 2000 g / t, pH-7.5, Na ₂ S - 300 g / t W / s - 500 g / t 1st recycle kit
Hw-you 1st cleanup
Hw-you main 90.66
7.61
1.73 94.1
5.4
4.0 99.44
0.48
0.08

An additional advantage when using the collector of the present invention in the flotation process is to lower the flotation temperature from 25 to 17-18 ° C.

Claims (4)

1. A method of producing a flotation collector for non-sulfide ores based on saponified fatty acid, characterized in that before saponification of the fatty acid it is heated to 70-75 ° C and, with stirring, 0.5- phenol antioxidant Agidol-1 is introduced as a polymerization regulator 5 wt.%. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that either the fatty acid fraction of tall oil or oleic acid is used as the fatty acid. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, after the saponification process, sodium alkyl sulfate in an amount of 4-5 wt.% Can be added to the resulting collector. 4. Flotation collector for non-sulfide ores, obtained on the basis of fatty acid and the polymerization regulator of the phenolic antioxidant Agidol-1 according to claims 1-3, taken in the following ratio, wt.%. Agidol-1 0.5-5 Fatty Acid Else