RU2252816C1 - Apparatus for performing physico-chemical processes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical mechanical engineering; apparatus for performing physico-chemical processes between substances in various phase states; chemical technologies.

SUBSTANCE: proposed apparatus has cylindrical housing with rotor mounted on vertical shaft, units for loading and unloading materials and rotor drive. Inner surface of rotor in section passing through axis of rotation is made in form of sinusoid at magnitudes of sine of 1/0/-1/0/1 at periods 1/4T, 2/4T, 3/4T, 4/4T and 5/4T respectively; inner surface has spiral grooves directed from center to periphery. Protective cover secured on rotor has central hole for delivery of material. Rotor is mounted for change of angle of attachment on axle; housing is provided with drive for rotation around vertical axis.

EFFECT: improved quality of mixing; intensification of process; improved controllability.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to chemical engineering, and more specifically to apparatus for carrying out physico-chemical processes involving substances in different phase states, and can be used in chemical technology.

A known mixer of powdered materials with liquid additives, containing a cylindrical body with a spray disk located in it, equipped with nozzles for supplying liquid and bulk components and including auxiliary units for collecting and removing the finished mixture. [1]

The disadvantage of this mixer is the low quality of mixing the components and, as a consequence, the low quality of the finished product, especially during chemical processes.

The closest in its technical essence and the achieved technical result is a powder material mixer containing a housing with a rotor parabolic in cross section placed on it on a vertical shaft, on the basis of which an elliptical paraboloid is mounted with its top pointing upward. [2]

The disadvantage of this mixer is the presence of stagnant zones and, as a consequence, the low quality of mixing of the components and the quality of the finished product.

The technical result of the claimed apparatus is to improve the quality of mixing and providing the possibility of carrying out chemical processes due to the intensification of mixing and improving process control.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the inner surface of the rotor in the section passing through the axis of rotation is made in the form of a sinusoid, it has spiral grooves directed from the center to the periphery, and a protective cover is fixed on the rotor, equipped with a central hole for supplying the feed material while the rotor is mounted with the possibility of changing the angle of its mounting on the axis and the sinusoid has a sine value of 1/0 / -1 / 0/1 for periods 1 / 4T, 2 / 4T, 3 / 4T, 4 / 4T and 5 / 4T, respectively , and the casing is made with the possibility of automatic genomic rotation about a vertical axis and provided with a drive.

Dry or wet mixing in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture is a complex technological task. In particular, in apparatuses similar to the claimed one, where directed flows of mixture components are involved in the mixing processes, the main role is played by the centrifugal and gravitational components of the flow vector. However, the centrifugal component of the flow displacement vector takes place only in the rotor. As soon as the rotor leaves the flow, the centrifugal component disappears due to the universal law of physics on rectilinear and uniform motion, but the gravitational component appears. The flow, therefore, becomes virtually uncontrollable. On the other hand, the flow moves along the wall of the casing of the apparatus only under the influence of gravity, while the centrifugal component is absent. When mixing the flows of components on the walls of the casing (while turbulence is known to be minimal and the mixing efficiency is low), only the gravitational component remains, i.e. a mixture of components, whatever its quality, drains (or “slides”) along the wall to a conical or spherical bottom. They are trying to improve the poor quality mixture by installing scrapers, mixers, etc. Naturally, such technical solutions complicate the design and do not make it possible to obtain a high-quality target product.

The task, therefore, is to effectively act on the component flows and to control the mixing process along the entire path of the first from feeding into the apparatus and to unloading the target product.

According to the authors, this problem is solved by the implementation of the main components of the claimed apparatus of such design features as described above, namely: the sinusoidal shape of the rotor section, the presence of spiral grooves on the inner surface of the rotor, the ability to measure the angle of attachment of the rotor on the axis and the possibility of rotation of the apparatus body by supplying it with an independent drive.

Moreover, the claimed apparatus as it is presented in this description acquires a new, unexpected quality - it is possible to carry out controlled chemical reactions in it by the type of phase composition of the components “T + F”, “F + F” and even “T + F + G ”, where T is the solid phase, G is liquid and G is gaseous.

The essence and features, as well as the principle of operation of the claimed invention can be more fully represented, but not exhausted, by explanatory drawings.

Figure 1 presents the inventive apparatus in partial section, side view.

Figure 2 presents the inventive apparatus with a modified angle of attachment of the rotor, a partial section, side view.

Figure 3 presents the rotor with spiral grooves made on it, a top view.

Figure 4 presents a diagram of the location and rotation of the rotor in the housing with a changed mounting angle of the first, top view.

The apparatus for carrying out physico-chemical processes (see Figure 1) consists of a cylindrical body 1 with a conical bottom 2, equipped with a node 3 for unloading the target product. The cylindrical housing is equipped with a drive 4 rotations around a vertical axis. The rotor 5 in the form of a bowl is located inside the casing, the inner surface 6 of which in the section passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor is made in the form of a sinusoid. Spiral grooves 7 are made on the inner surface of the rotor (see FIG. 3). A spherical screen 9 is fixed on top of the rotor on the studs 8, at the pole of which a hole 10 is made for supplying a solid or liquid component. The rotor is rigidly fixed in the housing on the axis 11, connected to the drive 12 located outside the housing 1. To the housing 1 and the rotor 5 there are pipes 13, 14 and 15 for supplying the mixture components or components for carrying out a chemical reaction.

It should be noted that minor assemblies and devices (for supplying and / or discharging gas, liquids, etc., control devices, apparatus mounts, etc., which are not functionally significant or are not included in the design) are absent in the presented explanatory drawings as not affecting the understanding of the invention.

The device operates as follows.

The rotor 5 is brought into rotation and through the nozzles 13, 14 and 15 serves the necessary liquid and solid or liquid components on the rotor and on the inner wall of the housing 1. If necessary, the housing 1 is also rotated by means of a drive 4. One of the components flows by gravity along the wall of the housing, and the second (or others) enters the rotor bowl 5 and, under the action of centrifugal forces, moves mainly along the grooves 7 and is sprayed or sprayed into horizontal plane and directionally hits the wall of the housing 1, where it mixes with the component flowing down the wall and then the mixture of all components flows down the wall. However, when the housing 1 rotates, the mixture flowing down the wall is additionally mixed by moving the flow at an angle to the vertical. On a scan of the surface of the cylinder, the direction of flow of the mixture flow looks like a straight line, the angle of deviation of which from the vertical depends on the speed of rotation of the housing. When changing the angle of attachment of the rotor 5 on the axis 11 (see Figure 2), new conditions arise for the formation of component flows, since the formation of the primary mixture does not occur along the line encircling the inner wall of the housing 1 in diameter, but along a belt, the width of which depends on the angle of inclination (α) of the rotor 5 to the vertical axis 11. When changing the angle of attachment of the rotor 5 on the axis 11, the rotation path and, accordingly, the movement of the rotor inside the housing are shown in FIG. 4. In the case under consideration, the flow of components of a sprayed or sprayed rotor is mixed with a component that makes a complex movement along the wall of the housing. Of course, it is obvious for a specialist that controlling the rotational speeds of the rotor and the housing, the speed and quantity of supply of the components and changing the angle of attachment of the rotor on the axis leads to the appearance of new qualities in the described apparatus.

As can be seen from the description, the presented drawings and the stated principle of operation, the claimed invention improves the quality of mixing and provides the ability to conduct chemical processes due to the intensification of mixing and improve process control.

Sources of information

1. Patent RU 2159147, M. cl. 7 V 01 F 7/26, publ. November 20, 2000.

2. Patent RU 2121870, M. cl. 6 V 01 F 7/28, publ. November 20, 1998 - a prototype.

Claims (3)

1. Apparatus for carrying out physicochemical processes, comprising a cylindrical body with a rotor located on it on a vertical shaft, means for loading and unloading materials and a rotor drive, characterized in that the inner surface of the rotor in a section passing through its axis of rotation is made in in the form of a sinusoid, it is made of spiral grooves directed from the center to the periphery, and a protective cover is fixed on the rotor, equipped with a central hole for feeding the feed material, and the housing is made with the possibility of tonomnogo rotation about a vertical axis and provided with a drive. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the rotor is made in the form of a sinusoid with sine values of 1/0 / -1 / 0/1 for periods 1 / 4T, 2 / 4T, 3 / 4T, 4 / 4T and 5 / 4T, respectively. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is mounted with the ability to change the angle of its mounting on the axis.

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