RU2113415C1 - Device for biological purification of sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: effluent purification facilities. SUBSTANCE: device can be used for complete purification of domestic sewage in small and medium amounts. Device has housing which is divided by partitions into aeration chamber, degassing chamber, and sorbing chamber. Also provided is purified effluent outflow system. Located inside aeration chamber is rotor which functions as carrier of biocenosis. Located in lower narrowing part of housing are additional chambers for biofiltration with openings for delivery of non-purified sewage and discharge of used silt, and rotating rotor which is floating in semi-immersed position and brought to rotation by means of airlift. Aforesaid embodiment of device ensures increased degree of purification and reduced power consumption. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to biological treatment and can be used for the complete treatment of small and medium quantities of domestic wastewater.

 A device for biological wastewater treatment, consisting of an aeration tank with inlet and outlet pipes, inside of which is placed a horizontal biofilter rotating under the action of compressed air [1].

 The disadvantages of the described device are high capital costs, low productivity and degree of purification due to the sequential technological passage of wastewater through the purification device, as well as high operating costs for rotating the horizontal biofilter on fixed supports due to the uneven fouling of the biofilter loading, leading to the appearance of an unbalanced moment.

 A known installation for biochemical wastewater treatment, consisting of an aeration tank, inside which floats a biofilter, rotating under the action of compressed air [2].

 The disadvantages of the described installation are high capital costs, low productivity and degree of purification due to the sequential technological passage of wastewater through the treatment plant, as well as the complex design of the floating biofilter.

 Closest to the proposed device in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a compact installation containing a housing with aeration, degassing and collection cells, a rotating biocenosis carrier on a horizontal axis, sewage supply and discharge pipelines. In this installation, the cleaning process has been intensified and its quality has been improved by ensuring the circulation of activated sludge and liquid [3].

 In a known installation, the rotation of the biocenosis carrier is carried out from the electric motor through the gearbox, which unjustifiably complicates the drive, making it energy-intensive.

 The device for biological wastewater treatment contains a housing divided by partitions into biofiltration chambers with windows for the input of source water and the output of the spent biocenosis, a degassing, sorption chamber and aeration chamber with an airlift located below, connected to the degassing and sorption chambers, a biocenosis carrier is placed inside the aeration chamber made in the form of a floating rotor and having on the periphery pockets facing the open side outward to ensure rotation from the airlift. The above signs in their totality can significantly reduce energy consumption and increase the degree of purification.

 In FIG. 1 shows the installation, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 - the same, section BB; in FIG. 3 - section aa.

 The Biofilter installation is a building 1 divided by partitions into two biofiltration chambers 2, an aeration chamber 3, two degassing chambers 4 and a sorption chamber 5. At the bottom of the narrowing parts of the biofiltration chambers 2 there are windows 6. The aeration chamber 3 is connected to the degassing chambers 4 by overflow 13 A rotor 7 floats inside the aeration chamber, having pockets 8. open to the periphery on the periphery. To prevent horizontal displacement of the rotor, guides are installed in the chamber 9. At the bottom of the aeration chamber 3 there is an airlift 10 connecting the degassing chambers 4 and sorption 5 with an aeration chamber. The compressed air pipeline 11 is also connected here. The purified water is discharged through the system 12.

 Installation works as follows.

 Wastewater (for example, from the drive) enters the windows of 6 biofiltration chambers 2. Passing through the excess rejected activated sludge accumulated there, the wastewater is purified from suspended and colloidal particles and into the aeration chamber 3, where it is mixed with circulating sludge. Here, the attached biocenosis and circulating sludge adsorb contaminants, the mixture of water and circulating sludge is enriched with oxygen and through the overflow 13 enters the degassing chambers 4, lowers into the lower part of the sorption chamber 5 and with the help of airlift 10 again enters the aeration chamber 3. Thus, the incoming water continues circulate and clean in the circuit of aeration, degassing, sorption chambers.

 The kinematic regime of the fluid flow created by the airlift ensures continuous mass transfer between the aeration chamber 3, degassing chambers 4 and sorption chamber 5. Intensive mass transfer accelerates the mass transfer rate of contaminants to the surface of the attached biocenosis and active circulation sludge, which generally reduces the time required for wastewater treatment, and increases the degree of purification.

 The excess of reacted wastewater and circulating activated sludge from the degassing chambers 4 enters the sorption chamber 5. Here, water settles from the sludge. In addition, water passing through a layer of suspended sludge undergoes additional sorption and oxidation of the accumulated biodegradable substance.

 The purified water is discharged out through the system 12, and the flakes of activated sludge in the suspended layer coarsen during the activity of microorganisms and are lowered into the lower part of the chamber 5, where they again enter the aeration chamber 3 using the airlift 10.

 Compressed air supplied through the pipe 11 to the airlift 10 rises, sucking the circulating stream from the chambers 4 and 5 and enriching it with oxygen, fills the pockets 8, which are in the submerged position, and causes the rotation of the floating rotor 7. When the rotor 7 rotates, the biocenosis carrier alternately comes into contact with waste water and with the air above its surface. At the same time, a biomass is formed on the biocenosis carrier, consisting mainly of aerobic bacteria, using oxygen in the air and nutrients contained in waste water for their growth.

 When the growth of biomass on the surfaces of the carrier leads to the fact that the biomass is unable to support its own weight, the biomass is separated from the carrier and lowered into the biofiltration chambers 2. When filtering the incoming wastewater through this biomass in the biofiltration chambers 2, it becomes heavier, and how consequence, exit through windows 6.

 Aerobic processes predominate in the biofilter. Here, a combined biocenosis (fixed, rejected and circulating) is formed from wastewater and air oxygen pollutants, which sorb and oxidize pollutants and subject the wastewater to deep biological treatment.

 Additional biofiltration chambers located at the wastewater inlet to the biofilter increase the degree of purification. The use of compressed air to rotate a floating rotor significantly reduces energy consumption.

Sources of information
1. Patent N 663297, cl. C 02 F 3/04, 1973 (analogue).

 2. Copyright certificate N 1447754, AI, cl. C 02 F 3/08, 1987 (prototype).

Claims (1)

 A device for biological wastewater treatment, comprising a housing divided by partitions into aeration, degassing and sorption chambers, a horizontally rotating biocenosis carrier, a sewage disposal system, characterized in that there are additional biofiltration chambers in the lower tapering part of the housing with windows for the input of source water and of the waste biocenosis exit, at the bottom of the aeration chamber there is an airlift connected to the degassing and sorption chambers, and the horizontally rotating biocenosis carrier is made in the form of a floating Semiimbeddings rotor, on the periphery of which there are pockets, open side facing outwards.

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