RU2149715C1 - Pneumatic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for cleaning loose materials of different aerodynamic properties; farming; flour industry and formula feed industry. SUBSTANCE: separator includes pneumatic separating passage equipped with loading port in center portion and unloading port in lower portion, air supply passage connected with lower portion of pneumatic separating passage by means of side port, unit for delivery of loose material to pneumatic separating passage adjoining its loading port and sluice lock mounted under unloading port; sluice lock is provided with bladed drum revolving in its body and projecting towards pneumatic separating passage from vertical passing through upper edge of side port by amount not exceeding half diameter. EFFECT: reduced overall dimensions of separator; reduced power requirements. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for cleaning bulk materials, differing in aerodynamic properties, and can be used in various sectors of the economy, for example, in agriculture, milling and grain elevator and animal feed industry.

 Known wind turbines of the "Jumbo" type and the carousel type, rotating a blade drum using wind energy (Mechanical Engineering. Encyclopedic Reference. - M.: Mechanical Engineering Literature, 1949, T.12. P.211, Fig. 6, 7.).

 The Pelton turbine is known, the rotation of which is carried out due to the energy of a water jet (L.S. Zhdanov, V.A. Maradzhyan. Physics course for secondary specialized educational institutions, 2nd ed. Stereotyped. M: Nauka, 1968, part 1 S.298, Fig. 174, 175).

 The disadvantage of these devices is that the energy of only one stream of air or water is used to rotate their working elements.

Also known is a pneumatic separator, including a pneumatic separating channel, provided with a loading window in the middle part and an unloading window in the lower part, an air supply channel, connections to the lower part of the pneumatic separation channel through a side window, a feed unit for feeding bulk material into the pneumatic separating channel adjacent to its loading window, and a sluice lock installed under the unloading window with a vane drum rotating in its housing (AS USSR N1599135, M. cl. ⁵ B 07 B 4/02, 1988).

 According to the technical nature and combination of essential features, this pneumatic separator is the closest to the claimed device and adopted as a prototype.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is that for the rotation of the vane drum of the sluice gate, only the kinetic energy of the moving stream of bulk material is used without using the energy of the air stream. In addition, the lock gate in this pneumatic separator is located completely under the air separation channel below the level of the lower edge of its side window, which significantly increases the overall dimensions of the device as a whole.

 The task that must be solved is to reduce the cost of electricity for the drive of the lock gate and to reduce the overall dimensions of the pneumatic separator.

 The problem is solved by the fact that in a pneumatic separator including a pneumatic separating channel, equipped with a loading window in the middle part and an unloading window in the lower part, an air supply channel connected to the lower part of the pneumatic separation channel by means of a side window, a bulk material supplying unit to the song-separating channel, adjoining its loading window, and a lock lock installed under the discharge window with a blade drum rotating in its housing, the latter protrudes toward the pneumosept channeling channel from a vertical passing through the upper frame of the side window and from below into the side window by an amount not exceeding half its diameter.

 Reducing the cost of electricity to drive a lock gate is achieved through the joint use of kinetic energy of the moving flows of grain material and air. The overall dimensions are reduced due to the placement of the paddle drum of the lock gate in the side window connecting the air separating and air supplying channels.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed pneumatic separator.

 The pneumatic separator comprises a pneumatic separating channel 1, provided with a loading window 2 in the middle part and an unloading window 3 in the lower part, an air supply channel 4 connected to the lower part of the pneumatic separation channel 1 via a side window 5, a bulk material supply unit 6 in the pneumatic separation channel 1, adjacent to the loading window 2, and a lock lock 7 installed under the unloading window 3 with a vane drum 9 rotating in its body 8. The bulk material supply unit 6 consists of a receiving hopper 10, a sealing yrka 11 and the feed roller 12. pneumoseparating channel 1 at the top has an exit port 13.

 To interact with the incident air flow (shown in solid lines in the drawing) and bulk material flow (shown in broken lines), the paddle drum 9 of the airlock 7 simultaneously projects toward the air separation channel 1 from the vertical passing through the upper edge of the side window 5 and from below to side window 5 by an amount not exceeding half its diameter.

 Thus, each of the incident flows faces only the corresponding part of the impeller 9, which eliminates the effect of the flows in the counter-current to its rotation.

 The outlet window 13 located in the upper part of the air separation channel 1 is connected to the atmosphere and, if necessary, can be connected to a sedimentation device (not shown in the drawing).

 The air supply channel 4 may adjoin the side window 5 of the air separation channel 1 at different angles, while the position of the air separation channel 1 in space may be different from vertical. In the case of placing the loading window 2 of the air separation channel 1 at the location of the upper edge of the side window 5, the air separation channel 1 can be made horizontal.

 To ensure full and sufficient time for the interaction of the downward flowing flow of bulk material with the air flow, the loading window 2, located in the middle of the air separation channel 1, should not be located below the level of the upper edge of the side window 5.

 Pneumatic separator operates as follows.

 Bulk material from the receiving hopper 10 by a feed roller 12 is introduced into the middle part of the air separation channel 1 through the loading window 2 and is treated with the air flow coming from the air supply channel 4 through the side window 5. Light impurities extracted from the bulk material are carried out from the air separation channel 1 through the exit window 13 outside the separator. The purified bulk material under the influence of gravitational force moves down and runs onto that part of the blade drum 9, which protrudes into the air separation channel 1 from the vertical passing through the upper edge of the side window 5. As a result of the elastic impact of particles of bulk material on this part of the blade drum 9 on its axis creates a torque that is further enhanced by the action of the air flow running on the blades of the drum 9, protruding from the bottom of the housing 8 of the lock gate 7 into the side window 5. ahodyaschayasya vane inside the drum 9, the mass of bulk material located therein on one side of the axis of rotation and also enhances the torque necessary for discharging the cleaned particulate material from the housing 7, 8 the seal leg.

 Due to the fact that the blade drum 9 of the lock gate 7 protrudes towards the pneumatic separation channel 1 from the vertical passing through the upper edge of the side window 5 and from below into the side window 5 by an amount not exceeding half its diameter, the electric energy consumption for the drive of the lock gate is reduced and overall dimensions of the pneumatic separator are reduced.

Claims (1)

 A pneumatic separator, including a pneumatic separation channel, equipped with a loading window in the middle part and an unloading window in the lower part, an air supply channel connected to the lower part of the pneumatic separation channel through a side window, a bulk material supply unit in the pneumatic separation channel adjacent to its loading window, and installed under the unloading window, a lock gate with a blade drum rotating in its housing, characterized in that the blade drum protrudes towards the air separation channel from vertical, passing through the edge of the side window, and from below into the side window by an amount not exceeding half its diameter.