RU208447U1 - UNIVERSAL VACUUM MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to multi-purpose transport tankers for self-priming collection, short-term storage, sealed transportation, discharge or storage of various wastes in compliance with special requirements for handling immiscible materials. a standard device for flushing deposits. The sediment flushing device consists of two additional two-section tanks with fittings, interconnected in pairs by pipelines with shut-off fans, a high-pressure hydraulic pump with a transmission drive and control equipment. On the frame of the transport chassis in a sealed compartment under the tank tank, a drum mechanism for winding up a flexible high-pressure hose is mounted. .

Description

The utility model refers to multi-purpose transport tankers for self-priming collection, short-term storage, airtight transportation, discharge or storage of various waste in compliance with special requirements for handling immiscible materials.

Vacuum tank - a cylindrical tank with a rear opening bottom of a sealed type, installed on a transport chassis and equipped with a standard device for flushing sediments.

The sediment flushing device consists of two additional two-section tanks with fittings, connected in pairs by pipelines with shut-off valves, a high-pressure hydraulic pump with a transmission drive and control equipment.

On the frame of the transport chassis, in a sealed compartment under the tank tank, a drum mechanism for winding up a flexible high-pressure hose is mounted.

The vacuum tank can be equipped with an additional top loading hatch, a tipper-type tank lifting mechanism, a service water heating device, an electrostatic protection system and a safety platform on the upper necks.

The utility model refers to transport tank trucks of a special design - vacuum machines with a sealed storage tank equipped with an intake mechanism and pressure-suction hoses. Depending on the purpose, the tanker is equipped with additional mechanisms. The disadvantage of vacuum machines with additional mechanisms is a structurally determined specialization for one or two technological tasks, oversaturation with equipment and, as a result, unreasonably large total weight and dimensions, (AS RU 109707 U1; В60Р 1/54, В60Р 3/22; 2010.10.08) reducing the payload of the vehicle.

The purpose of the utility model is the development of a mobile vacuum machine for universal use for a variety of technological processes with fluid, different in composition and density, including immiscible materials.

The problem is solved due to the use of a number of technical solutions from the municipal and transport engineering industry as analogues, which make it possible to quickly clean the inner surface of the vacuum tank from the sediment of the transported materials.

A well-known sludge suction machine (AS SU 1701845 A1; E03F 7/10; 1988.07.08.), In which the separation of water and sludge is carried out by the internal partition of the tank, a stream of sludge water is used to clean the inner surface of the tank, the sludge is washed out through open back cover when tilting the tank. A useful technical solution is the idea of carrying out cleaning processes through the opening rear cover of the tank tank.

In the machine for cleaning pipelines and wells (SU 1810449 A1; E03F 7/10, B60P 1/34; 1991.01.25.) The vacuum tank is made with an end unloading hatch, and the main way of emptying is dump unloading by tipping the tank around the rear crank. A useful technical solution should be recognized as a drum winding mechanism for the suction pipeline, installed on a pivot post behind the tank.

Combined machine for cleaning works (AS RU 2160194 С2; В60Р 3/24, E03F 7/10; 1999.02.10.) Has the widest possibilities for universal use. The machine includes vacuum sludge suction and pressure sewer washing equipment mounted on a truck chassis separately. The machine is complex in design, heavy in weight and large in size. At the same time, a separate design of the flushing equipment is a good idea for an analogue when organizing the flushing of sediments from the inner surface of the tank.

NPO VEKTOR LLC has developed a two-pump unit (AS RU 195345 U1; F04D 13/12; 2019.04.10), which allows assembling a vacuum sludge suction and pressure flushing pump units with one transmission drive from the vehicle chassis in minimal dimensions.

Structurally close to the utility model and simple in technical execution is the device of a vacuum tank as part of a vacuum road train with mechanical opening of the rear bottom (AS RU 195908 U1; B62D 53/00; 2019.05.29.).

The essence of the technical solution to the utility model is a device that allows you to quickly clean the inner surface of the vacuum tank from the sediment of the transported materials. The versatility of the vacuum tank is achieved due to the rapid cleaning of the inner surface of the storage tank of the vacuum tank in the field with a built-in device for flushing sediments from the inner surface of the storage tank of the tank with high pressure hydraulic fluid, which provides a quick changeover of the machine to work with various, including immiscible, fluid. and bulk materials.

In the diagrams of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows the construct of a universal vacuum machine: 1 - transport chassis; 2 - tank frame; 3 - cradles for supporting and centering the tank; 4 - cylindrical tank; 5 - rear opening bottom; 6 - vacuum compressor pumping unit; 7- upper neck; 8 - vacuum pressure system; 9, 10 - left hydraulic two-section tank; 11, 12 - right hydraulic two-section tank; 13 - high pressure water pump; 14 - high pressure pipeline; 15 - compartment of the high pressure pipeline reeling mechanism; 16 - hydraulic motor of the reeling mechanism drive; 17 - drum with automatic stacking; 18 - drain apron; 19 - high pressure system toolbox; 20 - encircling belts; 21 - technological hatch for top loading; 22 - steam line fitting; 23 - butterfly valve; 24 - stairs; 25 - platform with railings; 26 - case of the delivery-suction sleeve.

The technical result of the utility model (Fig. 1) is a universal vacuum machine, including a transport chassis 1, a tank frame 2 mounted on a chassis with lodgments 3, a cylindrical storage vacuum tank 4 of a vacuum tank with an opening rear bottom 5 and internal breakwaters (not shown in the diagram ), installed on the frame of the tank and attached to the cradle with belting straps, a pipeline complex with an upper neck of a vacuum-pressure system and a vacuum-compressor pumping unit 6, which creates a vacuum or excess pressure through the control equipment in the upper neck 7, pipelines 8 and pumps air through cyclonic cleaning equipment.

The utility model is distinguished by the fact that the vacuum tank is equipped with a device for washing off deposits from the inner surface of the storage tank of the tank with high pressure hydraulic fluid.

The composition of the device for flushing sediments from the inner surface of the storage tank 4 includes (Fig. 2) a hydraulic two-section tank 9, 10 on the left side and a hydraulic two-section tank 11.12 on the right side, mounted on the frame lodges along the storage tank of the tank and interconnected by pipelines with shut-off valves, a high-pressure hydraulic pump 13 with a transmission drive and control equipment, mounted on the frame of a transport chassis 1, a flexible high-pressure pipeline 14. The process of winding and unwinding the high-pressure pipeline is mechanized. For this purpose, on the frame of the transport chassis 1 in a sealed compartment 15 under the tank tank, a drum mechanism for winding a flexible high-pressure hose is mounted, inside which there is a hydraulic motor with a drive 16 for an unwinding mechanism, a drum winding pipe 17 and a pipeline 14 with a working tip. A drain apron 18 is located at the rear under the bottom of the tank; on the left side, on the frame of the transport chassis, a tool box 19 is made with the possibility of accommodating a set of tools and washing nozzles for equipment of a high-pressure device.

The storage tank 4 of the vacuum machine is designed for self-priming intake of working fluids, their sealed storage, transportation and unloading during storage or at disposal sites. In the standard version, the tank is installed on the tank frame 2, centered and secured to the lodgements 3 with straps 20.

At the top of the rear part of the tank 4, a technological hatch 21 is used for the top loading of the tank and for servicing the steam valves when pumping the tank tank with superheated steam through the fitting 22 from an external steam generator. At the bottom, on the rear bottom, there is a butterfly valve 23 with a quick-disconnect connection of the pressure-suction hose of the machine. The tank tank is equipped with 24 ladders and folding platforms with 25 safety platform handrails for service personnel.

The vacuum tank is equipped with a built-in electrostatic protection system and fire extinguishers (not shown in the figure).

Hydraulic sections 10 and 12 are intended for storage of industrial water and aqueous solutions, are spacious with breakwaters, are located along the storage tank based on the calculation of the optimal weight load on the chassis. The tank sections are interconnected by a pipeline with a shut-off valve, equipped with water fittings and filler necks. At regular refueling with technical water, the tap is open. The connecting pipeline between the sections is shut off with a shut-off valve if dissimilar liquids are poured into the hydraulic sections. In the cold season, the water sections are equipped with a heater for flushing water solutions.

In hydraulic tanks 9 or 11, chemical additives and reagents are stored for mixing with industrial water and preparing process solutions. The content of these sections varies depending on the tasks solved by the vacuum machine. One of the tanks 9 or 11 can be permanently filled with antifreeze liquid to fill the high-pressure pump at negative ambient temperatures and flush locks, valves, gates and ballasts in order to prevent clogging and defrosting of the water line.

The operation of the high-pressure device to remove deposits from the inner surface of the storage tank is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. The universal vacuum machine is installed with a slight longitudinal trim back at the place of the last unloading or on a site with equipped sewage system. The engine is shut off. Ladders and folding platforms are brought into working position.

2. The rear bottom of the tank is opened manually and securely fixed with a mechanical lock. The large-capacity universal vacuum machine is equipped with a hydraulic rear bottom opening mechanism.

3. The scale of work on mechanical removal of sludge by hand, and in some cases by an excavator bucket, will be determined. The sediment is scooped out onto a pallet and onto a supporting surface.

4. The engine is started and the minimum operating speed is set. The hydraulic drive 16 is transferred to the operating position, the hydraulic motor of the mechanism 17 is turned on and the high-pressure pipeline 14 is wound from the drum to the end of the rear bottom, the operating position is selected from which it is most convenient and safe to flush out the remnants of silt deposits in the tank.

5. In sections 10 and 12 of the hydraulic tanks, the flushing solution is prepared.

6. The KOM of the transmission drive turns on, the high-pressure pump 13 pumps the working fluid from the hydraulic sections 10 and 12 and supplies it under pressure to the tip of the high-pressure working pipeline 14 and from it to the flushing nozzles.

7. A jet of aqueous solution under high pressure rinses off the remnants of sludge deposits from the inner surface and the tank tank is completely cleaned.

8. After the completion of the cleaning work, the high-pressure pump is turned off, the high-pressure pipeline is wound onto the drum and placed in its proper place in compartment 15. The rear bottom 5 is closed and securely fixed with screw clamping elements.

A hydraulic mechanism for closing the rear bottom can be used on a vacuum tank, then hydraulic cylinders equipped with hydraulic locks are used to fix the bottom after centering on the end of the tank.

The principle of operation of a universal vacuum machine with liquid and dry flowing materials in production operation is as follows.

In the storage tank 4, the vacuum-compressor unit 6 creates a vacuum, under the action of which liquid fluid materials are taken into the tank through the pressure-suction pipeline through the butterfly valve 23.

After filling the tank with liquid materials, the butterfly valve 23 is closed, the pressure-suction hose is placed in its regular place in the case 26 and the vacuum machine transports the cargo to the place of storage or disposal.

Unloading is carried out through a butterfly valve and a pressure-suction hose by gravity or under air pressure from the vacuum compressor unit in reverse order.

The universal vacuum machine can be equipped with a mechanism for angular rotation of the tank 4 on the frame 2 of the tank. Then the dump truck is unloaded when the tank 4 is lifted with the bottom 5 open.

When operating a universal vacuum machine with thick and viscous materials, when eliminating blockages and deposits in pipes, channels and narrow channels, water from sections 10 and 12 through the suction pipeline (shown by an arrow in Fig. 1) enters the high-pressure pump 13, which creates a working water pressure and supplies it to the sleeve 14 (shown by an arrow in Fig. 1), at the end of which a wash head is fixed.

High pressure water exits through the head nozzle at high speed. A reactive force is created, as a result of which the head can move in a limited volume.

When the washing head moves, the sleeve 14 is unwound from the drum 17, the water jet washes away the sediment, the resulting mixture is sucked into the tank through the pressure-suction sleeve and the disc valve.

The cycle of transportation and unloading is repeated.

When the vacuum machine is arranged according to the scheme of this utility model, less power is spent on loading and unloading the tank, and it becomes more convenient to access for servicing the storage tank of the tank and pumping units. The machine is promptly washed in the field, treated with special solutions and rebuilt for the processing of various fluid, including immiscible materials.

A prototype of a universal vacuum machine was manufactured at NPO Vector LLC and is shown in Fig. 3 and FIG. 4.

It was found that the universal vacuum machine is easily assembled, technologically advanced and functionally copes with the tasks assigned to it. The machine can be manufactured in any professionally organized machine-building industry.

Claims (5)

1. A universal vacuum machine, including a transport chassis, a tank frame mounted on a chassis with lodgments, a cylindrical storage tank of a vacuum tank with an opening rear bottom and internal breakwaters, mounted on a tank frame and attached to the lodgements with belting straps, a pipeline complex with an upper neck of a vacuum-pressure head system and a vacuum-compressor pumping unit, characterized in that the vacuum tank is equipped with a device for washing off deposits on the inner surface of the storage tank of the tank with high-pressure hydraulic fluid, consisting of two hydraulic two-section tanks with fittings mounted on frame lodges on both sides of the vacuum tank tanks and interconnected in pairs by pipelines with shut-off valves, and a high-pressure hydraulic pump with a transmission drive and control equipment, on the frame of the transport chassis in a sealed compartment for a reserve A drum mechanism for winding up a flexible high-pressure hose is mounted on the tank car, the tool box is designed to accommodate a set of tools and flushing nozzles for high-pressure equipment. 2. A universal vacuum machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a second technological hatch for top loading is installed in the cylindrical tank of the vacuum tank from above. 3. The universal vacuum machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank of the vacuum tank is equipped with a hydraulic mechanism for opening and closing the bottom. 4. A universal vacuum machine according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the cylindrical tank of the vacuum tank is equipped with a hydraulic angular lifting mechanism for dumping unloading through the opening bottom. 5. A universal vacuum machine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the vacuum tank is equipped with a water heater.

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