RU2077852C1 - Machine for postharvest treatment of onion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: machine has charging device, roll drum for cutting off onion tops, air duct installed above drum. Machine has special device for cleaning onion heap from admixtures arranged between charging device and drum, and also sorting out screen. Drum projects over surface of device for cleaning onion heap by 1/4 of its diameter, maximum. EFFECT: improved treatment of onion. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines stationary points for post-harvest processing of onions.

 Stationary lines for post-harvest processing of onions are known, in which each technological operation for processing onion mass is carried out by a separate machine installed in a horizontal line in the sequence corresponding to the working process (Overview of Central Scientific Research Institute of Industrial and Agricultural Transport of Tractor Agricultural Machines "Trend in the Development of Designs of Machines for Harvesting and Post-Harvest Onion Processing" 1976, p. 30 36).

 Known machines (ed. St. N 361764 N 1551332), which are provided for cleaning heaps of onions from soil and organic impurities, pruning feathers (tops).

 However, these machines do not effectively separate the feather, and their design does not provide for the final stage of post-harvest processing of onions - sorting it into fractions.

 Based on the set of common essential features, the technical solution of the machine for separating onion feathers according to ed. N 1551332 taken as a prototype.

 The main disadvantages of the prototype are: lack of efficiency of the machine for the separation of onion feathers; the design of the machine does not provide for the separation of impurities from the onion mass.

 The purpose of the invention to improve the quality of separation of feather onions.

 This goal is achieved in that the machine containing the loading device, the device for trimming the tops, made in the form of a drum drum, mounted above the drum duct, a reflector of the separated pen and the drive, is equipped with a device for cleaning heaps of onion mass from impurities located between the loading device and the drum drum , and mounted under the last screening screen, while the roller drum protrudes above the surface of the device for cleaning the heap no more than 1/4 of its diameter.

 The combination of these features distinguishes the claimed car from the prototype and determines the compliance of the technical solution with the criterion of "Novelty."

 The arrangement of the working bodies of the machine that perform the on-harvest processing of onions in an appropriate relationship will allow you to get a positive effect: improving the quality of feather separation by pre-cleaning the onion heap from impurities on the device installed between the loading device and the drum, and by increasing the likelihood of picking tops onions with counter-rotating rollers, which is achieved by installing a roller drum above the surface of the heap cleaning grid by 1 / 4 part of its diameter.

 The noted essential features distinguishing the proposed machine from the prototype were not found by the author in solutions known in science and technology.

 The drawing shows the proposed machine for post-harvest processing of onions.

 The machine contains a loading device 1, a device for cleaning a pile of 2, a device for trimming tops, which is a drum with a brush 3 for cleaning counter rotating rollers 4, arranged in a circle, above the rollers there is a fan 5 with an air flow distributor 6 and a bulb limiter 7, and inside the drum there is a reflector 8 for separating the pen, a pitched tray 9 is installed outside, directing the bow to the lower screen of the screen; an onion sorting device, consisting of an oscillating screen, the lower mill 10 of which has a sieve with different sized holes for dividing the onion into frictions at the outlets 12, and the upper 13 serves to move impurities separated from the onion mass to the discharge conveyor 11. The working parts of the machine are mounted on frame 14.

 The drive of the working bodies is carried out from an electric motor through a chain transmission (not shown).

 The machine operates as follows.

 Onion mass loading conveyor 1 is fed to the sieve cleaning heap 2, on which soil and organic impurities are separated (separated) from the total mass and fed to the upper mill 13 of the vibrating screen, with which the impurities are fed to the discharge conveyor 11.

 When leaving the sieve for cleaning the heap, the bulbs are directed by the general flow to the protruding surface of the roller drum. At this point, the pen is captured and separated by counter-rotating rollers at the bulbs in contact. The remaining bulbs during the rotation of the drum rise and are distributed on the roller surface.

 At the time of passage of the air flow zone created by the fan 5 and the distributor 6, the feather of the bulbs by this flow is pressed against the surface of the rollers 4, which counter-rotate and, when the bulbs rest in the limiter 7, cut it off. Separated tops (feather) with a reflector 8 is directed to the inner part of adjacent rollers, with the help of which it is thrown towards the outlet transport 11.

 The bulbs after separating the tops with a pitched tray 9 are sent to the sieve of the lower mill 10 of the oscillating screen, where small bulbs are first separated, then medium and large ones. Each fraction of the bulbs using the outputs 12 can be sent to storage bins or packaged in bagging.

 In the process, the drum rolls are cleaned with a brush 3, rotating in the opposite direction to the movement of the drum.

Claims (1)

 A post-harvest onion processing machine comprising a loading device, a top-cutting device made in the form of a drum, a roller cleaning brush, an air duct mounted above the drum, a reflector for the separated feather and a drive, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for cleaning onion heap from impurities located between the loading device and the roller drum and a sorting screen mounted below it, while the roller drum is mounted so that it protrudes above the surface Tew device for cleaning heap bow of not more than 1/4 of its diameter.