RU158502U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING OIL-CONTAINING AND WASTE WATERS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for the purification of oily and wastewater, containing at least two stages of purification, connected in series along the flow of purified water and separated by partitions, each of which consists of a flotation reactor and a separator, separated by a partition, pump, aeration units, pipeline the supply of purified water and the pipeline for the removal of purified water, characterized in that the number of pumps and the number of aeration units corresponds to the number of cleaning stages, the output of the pipeline of the water to be cleaned is communicated with the bottom part of the flotation reactor of the first purification stage and through the pump of the first purification stage with the inlet of the aeration unit of the first purification stage, and the inputs of the aeration units of the second and subsequent purification stages are communicated through the corresponding pumps with the bottom parts of the flotation separators of the previous purification stage through water supply pipelines to aeration, and the output of each of the aeration units is communicated through a throttling valve with an entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor located at the bottom its bottom, by means of the aerated water supply pipe, in addition, the outlet of each throttle valve is placed at the entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor, and the cross-sectional area of the bottom of each flotation reactor is uniformly reduced from top to bottom, in addition, the cross-sectional area of the flotator is not less than the cross-sectional area of the corresponding flotation reactor, in addition, partitions separating flotation reactors from flotation separators are made with the possibility of free movement of the flow och

Description

IPC C02F1 / 24

C02F1 / 40

C02F1 / 74

A device for the treatment of oily and waste water

The utility model relates to water purification systems and can be used for purification of oil-containing and waste water in oil refining and oil producing complexes, in the energy sector, in the food industry, etc.

A device for purifying oil-containing and wastewater is known, comprising at least two purification stages connected in series along the stream of purified water, each of which consists of a flotation reactor and a flotation separator, a recirculation pump, the suction pipe of which is connected to the purified water section, and a pressure pipe through taps connected to the flotation reactors of each stage, an air supply ejector located between the suction and pressure pipelines of the recirculation pump, the pipeline for supplying cleanable and pipes removal of the purified water is carried out (see. BV Derjaguin, SS Dukhin et al. "microflotation. Water purification, enrichment," 1986, at p.82).

In this device, water saturated with air using an ejector enters a pressure saturator tank, in which air is dissolved, as well as large undissolved bubbles are separated, which leads to their release in the upper zone of the saturator.

The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of debugging the flotation mode, which is expressed in the need to accurately control the amount of air supplied by the ejector, and the discharge of excess air from the saturator. Another disadvantage of the device is the presence of a saturation border of water with dissolved air, which is the reason for the low efficiency of such devices, which is determined by the limited size range of the floating bubbles.

As the closest analogue, a device for treating oil-containing and wastewater is adopted, containing at least two stages of purification, connected in series along the flow of purified water and separated by partitions, each of which consists of a flotation reactor and a flotator, separated by a partition, a pump, aeration units, a pipeline for supplying purified water and a pipeline for removing purified water (see RF patent 2367622, IPC C02F9 / 00, 2009).

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the low degree of purification of oil and wastewater due to the following factors:

- the flotation process is carried out by germinal vesicles of the same average diameter;

- purified water after all stages of purification is mixed with contaminated water.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase the efficiency of purification of oil-containing and wastewater from fine impurities by pressure flotation.

The technical result achieved by solving the problem is expressed in increasing the efficiency of treatment of oily and wastewater due to the following factors:

- the flotation process is carried out by germinal vesicles of various average diameters;

- the exception of mixing the source of purified water with already purified;

- the formation and distribution of germinal vesicles occurs more evenly;

- an increase in the volume of purified water subjected to a one-time flotation.

The problem is solved in that in a device for the treatment of oily and wastewater containing at least two stages of purification, connected in series along the flow of purified water and separated by partitions, each of which consists of a flotation reactor and a separator, separated by a partition, a pump, aeration units, a pipeline for supplying purified water and a pipeline for discharging purified water, the number of pumps and the number of aeration units corresponds to the number of cleaning stages, output the pipeline for supplying purified water is connected with the bottom part of the flotation reactor of the first cleaning stage and through the pump of the first cleaning stage with the inlet of the aeration unit of the first cleaning stage, and the inputs of the aeration units of the second and subsequent cleaning stages are communicated through the corresponding pumps with the bottom parts of the flotation separators of the previous cleaning stage through pipelines for supplying water to aeration, and the output of each of the aeration units is communicated through a throttling valve with an entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor, located at the bottom point of its bottom, through the aerated water supply pipe, in addition, the outlet of each throttling valve is located at the entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor, and the cross-sectional area of the bottom of each flotation reactor is uniformly reduced from top to bottom, in addition, the cross-sectional area of the flotator is not less than the cross-sectional area sections of the corresponding flotoreactor, in addition, partitions separating flotoreactors from flotation separators are made with the possibility of free movement the flow of the purified water in the upper parts of the flotation reactors and flotation separators of one cleaning stage, and the partitions separating the cleaning stages are made with the possibility of free movement of the flow of purified water in the bottom parts of the flotation separators and flotation reactors of various cleaning levels, in addition, the aeration units are configured to maintain saturation pressure 0 , 2-0.4 MPa.

In addition, the aeration units are equipped with nozzles for supplying compressed air.

In addition, the inlet of the purified water discharge pipe is located at the lower point of the bottom of the flotation separator of the last cleaning stage.

In addition, the device for purification of oily and waste water further comprises a flotopene receiver equipped with a branch pipe for its discharge.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with the signs of the prototype and analogues indicates the conformity of the claimed solution to the criterion of "novelty."

Moreover, all the elements of the claimed device are in constructive unity and functional relationship with each other and are aimed at achieving one technical result, namely increasing the efficiency of treatment of oily and wastewater.

Figure 1 schematically shows a vertical section of a device with three stages of cleaning.

The drawing shows flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 and flotation separators 4, 5, 6 of the first, second and third cleaning stages, respectively, partitions 7 between the cleaning stages, partitions 8 separating flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 from flotation separators 4, 5, 6, pumps 9, 10, 11 and aeration units 12, 13, 14 of the first, second and third stages of purification, respectively, the pipeline for supplying purified water 15, the pipeline for removing purified water 16, the upper 17, 18, 19 and bottom 20, 21, 22 parts of flotation reactors 1 , 2, 3, upper 23, 24, 25 and bottom 26, 27, 28 parts of the fleet separators 4, 5, 6, pipelines 29 and water for aeration, throttling valves 30, bottoms 31, 32, 33 of flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 of the first, second and third stages of purification, respectively, pipelines for supplying aerated water 34, nozzles for supplying compressed air 35, receiver flotopen 36, nozzle for removing flotopen 37 .

The device for purification of oily and wastewater is made in the form of a horizontally oriented container, which is divided by means of partitions 7 into stages of purification connected in series along the flow of purified water.

In this case, the partitions 7 are made with the possibility of free movement of the flow of purified water in the bottom parts 26, 27 of the flotation separators 4, 5 and the bottom parts 21, 22 of the flotation reactors 2, 3 of different stages of purification.

Each of the steps consists of flotation reactor 1, 2, 3 and flotation separator 4, 5, 6, separated by partitions 8, and the cross-sectional area of flotation separators 4, 5, 6 is not less than the cross-sectional area of the corresponding flotation reactors 1, 2, 3.

In this case, the partition 8 is made with the possibility of free movement of the flow of purified water in the upper parts 17, 18, 19 of the flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 and in the upper parts 23, 24, 25 of the flotation separators 4, 5, 6 of one cleaning stage.

The outlet of the pipeline for supplying purified water 15 is in communication with the bottom part 20 of the flotation reactor 1 of the first cleaning stage and through the pump 9 of the first cleaning stage with the inlet of the aeration unit 12 of the first cleaning stage.

Aeration nodes 12, 13, 14 can be implemented according to any existing method of saturating a liquid with air (pressure tank, spray absorber, etc.) and equipped with nozzles for supplying compressed air 35.

To increase the degree of purification, it is necessary that the saturation pressure in each subsequent stage be less than in the previous one, in this case the average diameter of the germinal vesicles decreases, and they are able to capture smaller particles of contaminants.

Therefore, the saturation pressure in the aeration unit 12 of the first cleaning stage is 0.4 MPa, in the aeration unit 13 of the second cleaning stage - 0.3 MPa, and in the aeration unit 14 of the third cleaning stage 0.2 MPa.

The inputs of the aeration units 13 and 14 of the second and third cleaning stages are communicated through pumps 10 and 11 with bottom parts 26 and 27 of the flotation separators 4 and 5 of the first and second cleaning stages, respectively, through the pipelines for supplying water to aeration 29.

The outputs of the aeration units 12, 13, 14 are communicated through throttling valves 30 with inputs to the flotation reactors 1, 2, 3, located at the lower point of their bottoms 31, 32, 33, through pipelines for supplying aerated water 34.

The outputs of the throttling valves 30 are located at the entrances to the flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 located at the lower point of their bottoms 31, 32, 33.

The cross-sectional area of the bottoms 31, 32, 33 of the flotation reactors 1, 2, 3 decreases uniformly in a downward direction.

The inlet of the drainage pipe for purified water 16 is located at the lower point of the bottom of the separator 6.

The claimed device operates as follows.

The purified water is supplied to the device through the pipeline for supplying the purified water 15. In this case, part of the purified water flows through the pump 9 into the aeration unit 12 of the first cleaning stage, and the remaining part of the purified water is supplied to the bottom part 20 of the flotation reactor 1 of the first cleaning stage.

In the aeration unit 12, according to any known method, the liquid is saturated with air at a pressure of 0.4 MPa, for which purpose compressed air is supplied to the aeration unit 12 through the pipe 35.

Aerated water enters through the throttling valve 30 into the inlet of the flotation reactor 1, located at the lower point of its bottom 31, through the aerated water supply pipe 34. Moreover, when aerated water passes through the throttling valve 30, its pressure decreases to hydrostatic and not in the aerated water supply pipe 34 germinal vesicles are formed, which reduces their coalescence. As a result, germinal vesicles are formed and evenly distributed along the bottom 31 of the flotation reactor 1, due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of the bottom 31 of the flotation reactor 1 is uniformly reduced from top to bottom.

According to experimental studies to determine the average bubble diameter as a function of pressure (see Andreev S.Yu., Grishin B.M., Shisterov A.S., Davydov G.P., Kulapin V.I., Koldov A.S. // Proceedings of the International Symposium Reliability and Quality. 2011. T. 1. P. 350-353), the average size of the bubbles increases with increasing supersaturation of the liquid, and at a pressure of 0.4 MPa, the average diameter of the germinal bubbles is 70 μm, at a pressure of 0, 3 MPa - 57 microns, and at a pressure of 0.2 MPa - 45 microns.

Floating from the bottom 20 to the top 17 of the flotation reactor 1, germinal vesicles with an average diameter of 70 μm capture the largest particles of contaminants and carry them to the surface of the water in the form of flotopen.

After treatment with germinal bubbles in the flotoreactor 1 is completed, water from the upper part 17 of the flotation reactor 1 enters the upper part 23 of the flotation separator 4 and then moves to its bottom part 26.

From the bottom part 26 of the separator 4, part of the water is supplied by the pump 10 through the pipe 29 for supplying water for aeration to the aeration unit 13 of the second cleaning stage.

In the aeration unit 13, the liquid is saturated with air at a pressure of 0.3 MPa, for which a compressed air supply through the pipe 35 is provided to the aeration unit 13.

Next, aerated water enters through the throttling valve 30 into the inlet of the flotation reactor 2, located at the lower point of its bottom 32, through the pipe for supplying aerated water 34. As a result, germinal bubbles are formed and evenly distributed along the bottom 32 of flotation reactor 2, due to the fact that the area the cross section of the bottom 32 of the flotation reactor 2 is uniformly reduced in a downward direction.

Floating from the bottom 21 to the top 18 of the flotation reactor 2, the germinal vesicles with an average diameter of 57 μm capture smaller particles of contaminants compared to the first stage of purification and carry them to the surface of the water in the form of flotopen.

After treatment with germinal bubbles in the flotoreactor 2 is completed, water from the upper part 18 of the flotation reactor 2 enters the upper part 24 of the flotation separator 5 and then moves to its bottom part 27.

From the bottom part 27 of the flotation separator 5, part of the water is supplied by the pump 11 through the pipeline 29 for supplying water for aeration to the aeration unit 14 of the third cleaning stage.

In the aeration unit 14, the liquid is saturated with air at a pressure of 0.2 MPa, for which purpose compressed air is supplied through the pipe 35 to the aeration unit 14.

Next, aerated water enters through the throttling valve 30 into the inlet of the flotation reactor 3, located at the lower point of its bottom 33, through the aeration water supply pipe 34. As a result, germinal bubbles are formed and evenly distributed along the bottom 33 of the flotation reactor 3, due to the fact that the area the cross section of the bottom 33 of the flotation reactor 3 is uniformly reduced in a downward direction.

Floating from the bottom 22 to the top 19 of the flotation reactor 3, the germinal vesicles with an average diameter of 45 μm capture the smallest particles of contaminants and carry them to the surface of the water in the form of flotopen.

After the treatment with germinal bubbles in the flotoreactor 3, water from the upper part 19 of the flotation reactor 3 enters the upper part 25 of the flotation separator 6 and then moves to its bottom part 28.

Next, the purified water is discharged from the flotation separator 6 through the purified water discharge pipe 16, and the particles of contaminants of all cleaning stages that have accumulated on the surface of the water in the form of flotopen are collected in the flotopen receiver 36 and removed through the flotopen outlet 37.

Next, the cycle repeats.

The claimed technical solution provides an increase in the efficiency of purification of oily and wastewater.

Claims (4)

1. A device for the purification of oily and wastewater, containing at least two stages of purification, connected in series along the flow of purified water and separated by partitions, each of which consists of a flotation reactor and a separator, separated by a partition, pump, aeration units, pipeline the supply of purified water and the pipeline for the removal of purified water, characterized in that the number of pumps and the number of aeration units corresponds to the number of cleaning stages, the output of the pipeline of the water to be cleaned is communicated with the bottom part of the flotation reactor of the first purification stage and through the pump of the first purification stage with the inlet of the aeration unit of the first purification stage, and the inputs of the aeration units of the second and subsequent purification stages are communicated through the corresponding pumps with the bottom parts of the flotation separators of the previous purification stage through water supply pipelines to aeration, and the output of each of the aeration units is communicated through a throttling valve with an entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor located at the bottom its bottom, by means of the aerated water supply pipe, in addition, the outlet of each throttle valve is placed at the entrance to the corresponding flotation reactor, and the cross-sectional area of the bottom of each flotation reactor is uniformly reduced from top to bottom, in addition, the cross-sectional area of the flotator is not less than the cross-sectional area of the corresponding flotation reactor, in addition, partitions separating flotation reactors from flotation separators are made with the possibility of free movement of the flow och of the searched water in the upper parts of the flotation reactors and flotation separators of one purification stage, and the partitions separating the purification stages are made with the possibility of free movement of the purified water flow in the bottom parts of the flotation separators and flotoreactors of different purification levels, in addition, the aeration units are configured to maintain saturation pressure 0, 2-0.4 MPa. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the aeration nodes are equipped with nozzles for supplying compressed air. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet of the purified water discharge pipe is located at the lower point of the bottom of the flotation separator of the last cleaning stage. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a flotopene receiver equipped with a branch pipe for its discharge.

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