RU156231U1 - RESPIRATORY SIMULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The breathing simulator, characterized in that it contains a main container and an additional container, interconnected, the main container contains a face mask, an inlet opening with an inlet valve, a source of high-frequency air vibrations in the form of an electric sound emitter, a source of low-frequency air vibrations in the form resonator tubes with valves, a two-pipe liquid vacuum gauge, monitoring and warning devices for the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the tank will add The unit contains a bypass hole, and in the source of low-frequency air vibrations, the valves are installed at the ends of the resonator tube in the position of free air exit from the tube. 2. The breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the main container has a capacity of 0.1-1.0 l, and the additional container has a capacity of 0.2-2.0 l through the use of containers of various volumes. 3. The breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the resonator tube of the source of low-frequency air vibrations is made of elastic material.

Description

The present invention relates to devices for satisfying human needs, to medicine, sports and professional activities of people.

The proposed respiratory simulator is designed for the effective development of a person in a safe mode by economical breathing and maintaining economical breathing in the future.

An individual respiratory simulator, the Frolov inhaler, which contains a breathing tube with a mouthpiece, two containers coaxially placed one into another and partially filled with water, a bottom mesh and covers (patent SU No. 1790417 A3, 09.22.1992) is known from the prior art.

Man, blowing air through a layer of water, overcomes the resistance of a column of water on inhalation and exhalation. Due to breathing with a mixture of exhaled and atmospheric air, carbon dioxide accumulates in the simulator tanks, and the oxygen content decreases. Bubbling air through a layer of water creates low-frequency air vibrations on inhalation and exhalation. This device is approved for use in medical practice by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of November 15, 1995, No. 311, p. 347.

The disadvantages of the device are:

1. The simulator is unreliable. If vapor from the lungs of a training person enters the simulator, the water in the simulator foams, which reduces the effectiveness of breathing training.

2. In the simulator there is no source of high-frequency oscillations of the air, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways.

3. Due to the presence of water in the breathing simulator, it is required to maintain the simulator in a strictly upright position.

4. The simulator does not measure or regulate the frequency and intensity of low-frequency air vibrations, which at certain frequencies and at a certain intensity can be harmful to the health of the training person.

5. In the simulator there is no control of excess pressure and rarefaction of air, the values of which at certain values can be dangerous to the health of the training person.

6. In the simulator there are no monitoring and warning devices about the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the values of which at certain values can be dangerous for the health of the training person.

7. During breathing training on the simulator there is no ventilation of the nasal cavity, which causes oxygen starvation of the brain and reduces the effectiveness and safety of breathing training.

8. Due to the mouthpiece of the simulator in the mouth of the training person, the likelihood of infection in the horn cavity is increased, which reduces the safety of breathing training.

9. During the respiratory training on the simulator, the nasal cleansing function is not involved, the contaminated air penetrates through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and lung alveoli, as a result, conditions are created for the development of inflammatory processes in different parts of the respiratory tract, which reduces safety of respiratory training.

A well-known respiratory simulator is a device for therapeutic breathing, designed to correct breathing, containing a nasal breathing mask that is adjacent to the face of the training person and holds on its face a pneumatic throttle regulator for moving spools located in the nose of a person and designed to increase resistance to air flow on inspiration and on exhalation (SU 1553137 A1, 03/30/1990).

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The simulator is complex and unreliable. The mucus released from the nose and the evaporation from the lungs in the form of condensate clog the spools of the septum and make breathing difficult, which reduces the effectiveness of breathing training.

2. There are no sources of low-frequency and high-frequency air vibrations in the simulator, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways.

3. There is no capacity in the simulator for the accumulation of carbon dioxide and a decrease in the oxygen content, the presence of which is one of the conditions for the successful development and maintenance of economical breathing.

4. In the simulator there are no monitoring devices and alerts on the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, ensuring the safety of breathing training.

5. In the simulator there is no control of excess pressure and rarefaction of air in the lungs, the values of which, at certain values, can be hazardous to the health of the training person.

A device for training breathing containing a breathing tube with a mouthpiece, a vibration chamber with a ball, which is a source of low-frequency air vibrations, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways (RU 2306161 C1, 09/20/2007).

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The simulator is unreliable. The mucus released from the mouth and the evaporation from the lungs in the form of condensate clogs the vibration chamber and disables it, which reduces the effectiveness of breathing training.

2. In the simulator there is no source of high-frequency air vibrations, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways.

3. There is no capacity in the simulator for the accumulation of carbon dioxide and a decrease in the oxygen content, the presence of which is one of the conditions for the successful development and maintenance of economical breathing.

4. In the simulator there are no monitoring devices and alerts on the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, ensuring the safety of breathing training.

5. In the simulator there is no control of excess pressure in the lungs, the value of which, at certain values, can be dangerous for the health of the training person.

6. In the simulator, low-frequency air vibrations have a beneficial effect on the airways of a training person only on exhalation.

7. In the simulator there is no beneficial effect of low-frequency air vibrations on the nasal cavity of a training person.

8. Due to the presence of the mouthpiece in the mouth of the training person, the likelihood of infection in the oral cavity is increased, which reduces the safety of breathing training.

9. The simulator does not measure or regulate the frequency and intensity of low-frequency air vibrations, which at certain frequencies and at a certain intensity can be harmful to the health of the training person.

Known breathing simulator containing a container made in the form of a mask with a source of high-frequency air vibrations - a whistle (application for the alleged invention No. 2010121947, 05/28/2010).

Under the mask, carbon dioxide accumulates and the oxygen content decreases due to the breathing of the training person with a mixture of exhaled and atmospheric air. The high-frequency air vibrations generated by the whistle have a beneficial effect on the human airways, including the nasal cavity.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. In the simulator there is no source of low-frequency air vibrations, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways.

2. The simulator lacks monitoring and warning devices about the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which ensure the safety of breathing training.

3. In the simulator there is no control of excess pressure and rarefaction of air, the values of which, at certain values, can be hazardous to the health of the training person.

4. In the simulator, evaporation from the lungs in the form of condensate reduces the quality of the whistle, violates the stability of the frequency of high-frequency sound radiation, which reduces the effectiveness of breathing training.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency and safety of the development and maintenance of economical breathing.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the respiratory simulator contains the main capacity and the additional capacity, while the main capacity contains a face mask, an inlet opening with an inlet valve, a source of high-frequency air vibrations made from an electric sound emitter, and a source of low-frequency air vibrations made from a tube resonator with valves installed at the ends of the tube in the position of free air exit from the tube, two-pipe liquid vacuum gauge, monitoring devices and notifications tions on the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, additional capacity comprises a hole shutoff.

The technical result provided by the given set of features are:

1. The simulator contains instruments for monitoring and warning about the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the airspace of the simulator, ensuring the safety of the respiratory training.

2. In the simulator during breathing training, non-damaging overpressure and non-damaging rarefaction of the air are maintained by the effort of the training person by controlling their manovacuum meter values, which increases the efficiency and safety of the respiratory training.

3. The simulator contains sources of low-frequency and high-frequency air vibrations, the radiation of which has a beneficial effect on the human airways.

4. During breathing training on the simulator, air regularly enters the nasal cavity, which eliminates oxygen starvation of the brain and increases the safety and effectiveness of breathing training.

5. The simulator uses the cleansing function of the nasal cavity, so the infection from the surrounding air does not enter the lungs of the training person, which increases the safety of the respiratory training.

6. The simulator excludes the possibility of infection in the oral cavity, which increases the safety of breathing training.

7. The simulator technologically sets and maintains the frequency and intensity of high-frequency and low-frequency air vibrations within the limits that have a beneficial effect on the body of the training person.

8. Since there is no water in the device, it is not necessary to maintain the simulator in a strictly defined position during breathing training.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a respiratory simulator. The Figure shows a respiratory simulator, side view.

The respiratory simulator contains a main container 1 and an additional container 2, while the main container 1 contains a face mask 3, an inlet 4 with an inlet valve 5, a source of high-frequency air vibrations made from an electric sound emitter 6, a source of low-frequency air vibrations made from a resonator tube 7 with valves 8 and 9 installed at the ends of the tube 7 to the position of the free exit of air from the tube 7, two-pipe liquid vacuum gauge 10, devices for monitoring and warning of hazardous contents concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide 11 and 12, the additional tank contains an overflow hole 13.

The device operates as follows.

A person assembles a simulator, connects a two-tube liquid 10-gauge vacuum gauge to the main tank 1 and turns on the power of the electric sound emitter 6, monitoring devices and warning sources for the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide 11 and 12, applies the face mask 3 of the simulator to the face and breathes through the nose.

When inhaling, air enters the additional tank 2 through the bypass hole 13, then the air passes into the main tank 1 simultaneously through the inlet hole 4, the inlet valve 5 is open, and through the hole of the resonator tube 8, the valve 9 is open, and the valve 8 periodically opens and closes, then the air from the main tank 1 enters the facial mask 3.

In the source of low-frequency air vibrations, consisting of a resonator tube 7 and valves 8 and 9, the energy of the air stream is converted into the energy of low-frequency air vibrations due to the fact that the valve 8 periodically opens and closes, passing portions of air into the tube 7.

When you exhale, air from the face mask 3 enters the main tank 1 and then passes into the tank an additional 2 through the hole of the resonator tube 7, the valve 8 is open, and the valve 9 is periodically opened and closed, and goes out through the bypass hole 13. The inlet valve 5 is closed.

In the source of low-frequency air vibrations, consisting of a resonator tube 7 and valves 8 and 9, the energy of the air stream is converted into the energy of low-frequency air vibrations due to the fact that the valve 9 periodically opens and closes, passing portions of air into the tube 7.

During the entire respiratory training, the electric emitter of sound 6 sounds in the simulator at a high frequency, the sound of which has a beneficial effect on the body of the training person.

Exercise pressure and rarefaction of the air in the simulator by the training person are monitored by a two-pipe liquid 10 man-vacuum gauge and maintains their values within + -10-25 mm of water. Art. due to personal efforts, adjusting the intensity of inspiration and exhalation.

A person breathes through the simulator for the planned time, for example, for 3 minutes in the following mode:

Inhalation: 2-4 sec., Breath holding: 1 sec., Exhalation: 3-6 sec., Breath holding: 1 sec.

The period (time) of the respiratory act (hereinafter referred to as the PDA) at the beginning of the respiratory training is approximately 7-12 seconds. and increases with the growth of a person’s fitness.

If the basic 1 carbon dioxide content is exceeded in the tank and the oxygen content decreases to dangerous values, the monitoring and warning devices 11 and 12 by sound, vibration or light notify the person of the need to stop breathing training.

The regimen of respiratory training recommended by the author of this application is similar to the regimen of respiratory training on an individual respiratory simulator-inhaler Frolov.

The training person sets himself the task of gradually increasing the PDA directly during respiratory training and from training to training by increasing the duration of expiration and by increasing the delay in breathing after inhalation and after exhalation.

The company "Dynamics" (WWW.dinamika.ru) on the Internet at the 7th minute of the commercial about the respiratory simulator-inhaler Frolov provides data on the benefits of developing a person's breathing:

“The slower and calmer you breathe, the longer you live. So a dog breathes at a frequency of 40 times / min., Lives an average of 20 years, a person breathes 17 times / min., Lives an average of 70 years, a turtle breathes at a frequency of 1-3 times / min, lives for almost 500 years. "

The applicant used as a breathing simulator the LLC “Dynamics” company, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, a health smell inhaler made of polyethylene and consisting of two detachable parts: a container and a conical cap with a universal face mask.

At the base of the cone cap of the inhaler, the applicant installed a 2 mm thick partition plate on which the elements contained in the main tank 1 of the simulator were placed. The partition plate and the conical cap with the mask represented the main tank 1. In the container, which was an additional tank 2, a bypass hole 13 with a diameter of 10 mm was drilled.

The total volume of the simulator was 0.9 l, the volume of the main tank was 1-0.4 l and the volume of the additional tank was 2-0.5 l. The diameter of the inlet 4 is 4.5 mm. Intake valve 5 was made of a double strip of tape.

The source of high-frequency air vibrations - an electric sound emitter 6 sounded at a frequency of 6500 Hz.

According to information from the Internet, in an abstract by T. Ivanova, “The Impact of Music on the Human Body,” section “Mozart's Music,” paragraph 5, it is reported that the otolaryngologist Alfred Tomatis established that listening to sounds at frequencies of 5000-8000 Hz activates brain activity, improves memory, stimulates human brain activity.

An electrodynamic speaker with a power of 0.5 W and a resistance of 8 Ohms connected to a low-frequency signal generator G3-106, manufactured by the USSR, set at a frequency of 6500 Hz, was used as a source of high-frequency air vibrations - an electric sound emitter 6.

Other sources, for example, a piezoelectric element, can also be used as an electric emitter of sound vibrations 6.

As a resonator tube 7 of a source of low-frequency air vibrations, a silicone medical tube 6 × 1.5 TSM - “RP-LC” TU 9398-003-00152106-2003 (hole diameter 6 mm, wall thickness 1.5 mm) 240 mm long was used . In the drawing of the Figure for clarity, the resonator tube 7 is shown as a straight line, in fact, the tube 7 is bent in the form of an arc.

Valves 8 and 9, installed at the ends of the resonator tube 7, together with bodies, seats, valve mounts and valve clamps (not shown in the drawing) were used from a factory direct-flow manual pump made of polyethylene intended for pumping gasoline and other liquids, OST 6 -19-298-79. Valves 8 and 9 are made of a polyethylene plate 1 mm thick, the diameter of the valves is 15 mm. The diameter of the hole in the valve seats is 11 mm.

The radiation in the frequency range 2-5 Hz of the source of low-frequency air vibrations, consisting of a resonator tube 7 and valves 8 and 9, was tuned by maintaining excess pressure and rarefaction of air in the main tank 1 within + -10-25 mm of water. Art. and due to the fixed angle of opening of the valves 8 and 9. With a decrease in the angle of opening of the valves, the frequency of low-frequency radiation increases, with an increase in the angle of opening of the valves decreases.

The radiation source of low-frequency air vibrations in the frequency range 2-5 Hz in the proposed respiratory simulator is consistent with the parameters created by the Agashin biomechanical wave simulator - "Dynamic Dumbbell" (RF patent No. 2027456, 01/27/1995), the vibration of which is in the same frequency range 2- 5 Hz normalize the cardiovascular system of the training person.

The simulator maintained a certain intensity of high-frequency and low-frequency air vibrations and amounted to approximately 40 dB, high-frequency ones - by setting the parameters of the signal generator G3-106. low-frequency - maintaining in the main tank 1 overpressure and rarefaction of air within + -10-25 mm of water. Art.

Two-tube liquid manovacuometer 10 was made of a transparent elastic tube with an inner diameter of 10 mm, folded in half and filled with tinted water.

From the article by S. Semikov “Is it possible to breathe through the nose?”, “Engineer” magazine, No. 12, 2009, p. 22, it follows that the nasal cavity, as well as the lungs, nourishes the human brain with oxygen: “The human heart every minute pumping 3.6 liters of blood. Of these, one fifth (0.75 L) is consumed by the brain. ... Lack of oxygen in the brain leads to fainting - loss of consciousness. ... Therefore, the brain must receive uninterrupted oxygen in the first place. ... The volume of the nasal cavity, which together with the respiratory tract becomes “anatomical dead space” (0.16 liter), is named so because the air received in it during inhalation does not enter the lungs (with a calm breath, only 0 reaches the alveoli, 25 liters of air). Unaware of the cleansing and conditioning function of this volume, it is even called a “harmful space”. ... All the air received during inhalation passes through the nasal cavity, where it is intensively mixed and, in contact with the vast inner surface of the nose, gives it oxygen. ... Due to the large volume and branched surface of the nasal cavity and sinuses, the area of the mucous membrane lining them (the area of gas exchange and respiration) is huge. ... At the same time, atmospheric oxygen diffuses through the thin mucous membrane into the blood circulating in the adjacent dense network of capillaries. ... Perhaps the nasal mucosa is also washed by the brain exhausted by oxygen, venous blood poor in oxygen, re-saturated with oxygen and nourishing the brain. ... The transfer of oxygen from the nose to the brain can partly also occur through the lymph and cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid), with which blood and the brain, especially in its membranes, exchange substances. ... The brain, getting a little oxygen due to lack of nasal breathing, is getting worse. ”

From the above it follows that respiratory training, carried out without a sufficient supply of oxygen to the nasal cavity, can harm the body, and not improve it.

Many training practices on well-known breathing simulators are based on inhaling and exhaling through the mouth to and from the simulator. With such breathing exercises, air does not enter the nasal cavity. And this, according to the author of this application, is dangerous for health, since the brain of the training person does not receive oxygen in the right amount, so not all people manage to get a positive result from breathing exercises on existing simulators, including the breathing simulator - Frolov inhaler .

The proposed device guarantees the effectiveness and safety of the respiratory training following activities.

When training on the proposed simulator during breathing training, a regular supply of oxygen to the nasal cavity is ensured, which eliminates oxygen starvation of the brain and allows you to successfully master economical breathing.

Excessive pressure and rarefaction of air in the simulator are maintained within safe limits for human health.

The frequency and intensity of sources of low-frequency and high-frequency air vibrations are maintained within safe limits for human health.

A person breathes air through a simulator, in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are monitored by standard devices, and, in the presence of concentrations of these substances that are hazardous to health, devices warn a person of danger.

Professor, Doctor of Psychological Sciences V.I. Dombrowski-Shalagin in his articles reports that inability to breathe correctly, low blood energy are the causes of human diseases. In his opinion, the method of healing through the development of economical breathing in breathing simulators requires patience and hard work.

With prolonged expiration on breathing simulators, blood energetics normalize and increase, which triggers free radical oxidation of fats in the body, as a result, sclerotic formations and cellular hypoxia are eliminated, blood vessels and capillaries are restored and updated (information from the Internet).

To achieve maximum effect V.I. Dombrowski-Shalagin recommends conducting breathing exercises on well-known breathing simulators, two workouts a day for 30-60 minutes before breakfast and night rest.

“Long exhalation and exhalation resistance“ create conditions for increasing the production of surfactant in the body and at the same time reducing its consumption ”(paragraph 2, p. 111.“ Endogenous respiration - medicine of the third millennium ”V.F. Frolov, 1999, Novosibirsk )

In the above source on p. 91 in the last paragraph of V.F. Frolov reports: “But it has been established that breathing under pressure is more than 40 mm of water. Art. may become damaging. "

However, in the individual respiratory simulator itself, the Frolov inhaler, dangerous loads occur during respiratory training. So when pouring 20 ml of water into the simulator, the overpressure on the exhale is 40 mm of water. Art., and a vacuum on inspiration (with a duration of inspiration of 2-3 seconds) is 90 mm of water. Art. (measured by the author of this application).

The load in the proposed respiratory simulator complies with the recommendations of the inventor Frolov V.F.

The applicant twice a day, in the morning after sleep and in the evening before bedtime, for 3 months 180 trainings were conducted on the proposed breathing simulator.

The time of one active training was 9 minutes: 3 minutes. training and 3 min. a break, then 3 minutes training and 3 min. a break, and another 3 minutes. training.

Such a training regime was dictated by the applicant’s lack of monitoring and warning devices on the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide 11 and 12.

According to the applicant, with prolonged breathing training on the proposed simulator and with the use of primary and secondary tanks 1 and 2, which have a large volume, the use of these monitoring and warning devices 11 and 12 is mandatory.

The first trainings were held in the following mode: inhalation - 3 sec., The abdomen extends outward, while the chest is motionless, breath holding - 1 sec., Exhalation - 5 sec., Long and as economical as possible with a feeling of slight shortness of breath, the stomach is tightened, breath holding - 1 sec

Excessive pressure and rarefaction in the lungs during breathing exercises were monitored using a two-tube liquid 10 man-vacuum gauge and were maintained within + -10-25 mm of water. Art. personal effort of the applicant.

The training conditions were such that after the pause was complete, there was no desire to take a deeper breath than usual. During breathing exercises, a sense of comfort was maintained. At the beginning of respiratory training, it is necessary to use a breathing simulator having the minimum volumes of the main and additional tanks 1 and 2.

If a person experiences any difficulties during breathing training on the simulator, this means that the load on the body is high and it must be reduced, PDA, training time, the number of “approaches” to the simulator should be reduced, the first training should be carried out without additional capacity 2, ventilate the simulator Before starting each workout, gradually increase the volume of the simulator, using containers with different volumes.

At the beginning of a respiratory training session and after the training session, the following parameters were measured:

- blood pressure, mm RT. Art.,

- pulse, number of heart beats per 1 minute, beats / min.,

- minute volume of breathing - the amount of air consumed by a person during normal, reflex, breathing for 1 minute, l / min.,

- respiratory rate - the number of breaths in 1 min. with normal, reflex, breathing, times / min.,

- breath holding time on inhalation, sec.,

- vital volume of lungs, l,

- the strength of the fingers, kg

- speed of muscular reaction - the length of time between two presses of the “start” button of the stopwatch with the index finger of a hand, sec.

The applicant during training on the proposed breathing simulator increased PDA from 10 seconds. up to 35 sec.: inhalation - 3 sec., breath holding - 17 sec., exhalation - 10 sec., breath holding - 5 sec.

The minute volume of respiration decreased from 3.9 L / min. up to 3.4 l / min. and the respiratory rate decreased from 17 times / min. up to 14 times / min.

Increased: breath holding time from inspiration from 50 sec. up to 70 sec., vital capacity of the lungs from 5.0 l to 5.2 l, strength of the hands from 30 kg to 36 kg and the speed of muscular reaction from 0.12 sec. up to 0.10 sec.

Blood pressure and pulse were established at the level of 120 × 65 mm RT. Art., 50 beats / min.

According to the author, the proposed respiratory simulator can also be used in the rehabilitation of patients after lung operations to restore collapsed alveoli and remove mucus from the lungs, and during obstetric care.

Claims (3)

1. The breathing simulator, characterized in that it contains a main container and an additional container, interconnected, the main container contains a face mask, an inlet opening with an inlet valve, a source of high-frequency air vibrations in the form of an electric sound emitter, a source of low-frequency air vibrations in the form resonator tubes with valves, a two-pipe liquid vacuum gauge, monitoring and warning devices for the content of dangerous concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the tank will add The unit contains a bypass hole, and in the source of low-frequency air vibrations, the valves are installed at the ends of the resonator tube in the position of free air exit from the tube. 2. The breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the main container has a capacity of 0.1-1.0 l, and the additional container has a capacity of 0.2-2.0 l due to the use of containers of various volumes. 3. The breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the resonator tube of the source of low-frequency air vibrations is made of elastic material.

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