RU1341871C - Non-meltable electrode for arc welding and method of making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to torches for arc welding with a non-sheathing electrode in a protective gas medium at reverse currents, and can be found. application in any branch of arode management in welding products from aluminum and its alloys. The purpose of the isotherm. Is to increase the resistance of the electrode and its prop.chapl powerful ability in the welding process. To do this, an end face of a refractory insert 2 / 1/2 - 1/2 in height is fitted with an easily-formed metal ring, the external forming of which has the shape of a torus, with the next azimuth forming at the working end of the insert 2 of a refractory metal an additional cavity 5 in in the form of a torus similar to the main one, forming a cavity 4, and the tip j contacts this at an angle of 0 30 - 60 to its longitudinal axis of the sunflower radial holes 6. Cavity 5, formed 11 after the expansion of the low-melting ring, eliminates contacting the end face insert 2 s on end i, expanding it and getting liquid copper on the end face of insert 7. with the formation of intermetallic interlayers leading to patterned cracks and chipping of the stick 2, 2 s, p. f-ly, 5 pcs., 2 tab. with SS

Description

 3

And the acquisition is related to the region of C; the sight, in particular to 7U devices (I have a pair of uerutanHmtiMcn electrodes with D protective gases, reverse polarity circuits, and can be used in all sectors of the national economy, including power engineering, and oil, shipbuilding, and chemical industry to the scraping of aluminum products and its splans.

The aim of the invention is to increase the resistance of the electrode and its penetrating ability.

iia FIG. 1 shows the shape of a copper connector} with a stepped hole for placement of a refractory mill in FIG. 2 - a blank of a copper tip after placing a refractory (vol ™ fraM) insert and securing a lightweight MCTajma ring on this insert, external generatrix of which has the shape of a torus | pa fig, 3 - end part of the copper tip with a tungsten insert with a ring of low melting metal after pressing j in fig. 4 -.- non-floating electrode construction | Fig. 5 is a construction of an end part of a torch for arc welding with a non-consumable electrode in a shielding gas medium with a direct current of reverse polarity.

The non-consumable electrode consists of a copper cooled tip 1 (see, FIGS. 1-5) with a thread (not shown in the drawing) in its upper part. For fastening the electrode in the burner, a tight Sh1avka is pressed in the tip 2 ( Volyramova) insert 2 is concave on the side of the working end. 11a, the working end face of the refractory insert is ia, (1/3 - 1/2) of its height, with a light-head ring 3, the outer forming of which is in the form of a torus mating to the torus of the main cavity 4 of identical dimensions. part ii at the working end of the refractory insert 2; Contact the low-melting ring 3.- in the copper tip t at an angle. 30 - 60 to its longitudinal axis is made. radial holes 6, the axes of which pass through the edge of the working end of the tugon insert 2 On the conical shape of the copper on 87 2

of the end piece i, there is made a tab juice 7, which has a radial open hole 6, and in the tip body there is a cavity 8 for supplying refrigerant.

The non-freezing electrode is made as follows

In the copper tip 1 (cm, Q of Fig. 1), a hole with a diameter J corresponding to the diameter of the tungsten insert 2 is drilled to a depth H equal to: / mm length of the insert U, the distance h from the working 5 end of the copper tip 1 to the working end refractory insert 2. Then, the obtained hole ogy.1 is drilled, increasing its diameter to a value d ,, equal to Q to the external diameter of the low-melting ring 3. Moreover, the depth of this part of the hole is equal to h - (1/3 1/2) 5, where S is the height in mm of the fusible ring 3, of which 5 should be mounted on the working end face oplavkoy insert 2

Then, a refractory insert 2 is inserted into this hole, and a Q low-melting ring 3 is inserted onto its working end (1/3 - 1/2) 3 (see Fig. 2) and all this is pressed into the main cavity 4 with a conical shape. Then, radial holes 6, the axes of which pass through the edges of the working end of the refractory insert 2, are taken in contact with the low-melting ring 3 at an angle ci 30 ° -60 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the e-electrode (see FIG. 4), cavity 8 for supplying coolant (hearth),

A non-consumable electrode made in this way sets up a welding torch 13 and centers it relative to its nozzle (see Fig. 5).

Coolant is supplied to cavity 8, shielding gas is supplied, and the power source is turned on, having previously set the current 1.2 to 1.5 times the maximum working current for a given diameter of insert 2, the welding arc between insert 2 and graphite filler is excited. 9, This produces welding for 2-3 minutes. Since the amperage exceeds the permissible one, at the first stage of welding n there occurs a partial stiffness of the side surface of the curtain A

45

fifty

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kpnech nk 1. In this case, one of the pillars of the LUGI prepares for protection by insert 2. Under the action of the arc column, cavity A takes the form of a torus, and the diameter d to its chronic section becomes 0.3 0.6 of the diameter of the insert d.

Then, the fusible ring 3 is decompressed and the molten metal of this ring flows off onto a graphite plate with the formation at the working end of the refractory insert 2 of an additional cavity 5 of a torus shape similar to the torus shape of the main cavity 4 with identical dimensions. The anode part of the arc in this case also prevents the cavity from closing and the end of the insert 2 to melt. After the ring 3 is melted, the electrode is ready for operation,

The non-burnt electrode operates as follows.

The required operating current is established and the product is welded. The welding arc is compressed by the walls of the cavity 4 and isolated from them by the gas flow acquires rigidity and spatial stability, and the additional compressive effect of the gas flow entering through the radial holes in the tip contributes to an increase in the arc concentration and increase due to this penetration depth. and improved stability and combustion allows welding in one pass of CTbtKOBbtx of grooves without edges of thickness 1p up to 12 mm.

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The cavity 5 formed after melting of the fusible ring 3 excludes contacting the end face of insert 2 with tip 1, melting in this zone of the latter and hit of liquid copper on the end face of insert 2 with phase separation of intermetallic interlayers, leading to the formation of cracks and scraping of insert 2 when these particles get into seam, Zagcite gas entering through the opening into the framed cavity 5, not only up to 11 °; ite. completely cools the electrode, cnocoScTTjyn increase its resistance but also about: .h; 1zh; years the lateral surfaces of the cavity of the tip, completely excluding nnri.ijT.-iiinf sawn copper n sho.

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871.1

Examples of the H-iTM.-it iii / -F-oon electrode for meadow PPO and cm; (11ki.

To the burner for arming with a st-stabilized arc of the mouth n plinli ngshpv - electrodes, to the copper tip

1 of which bssh press and insert

2 of lanthanum tungsten with a diameter of 1, 2, 3 mm, respectively.

In insert 2, fusible rings were put on, an eeg removed from solder based on copper and zinc, grades PMC36, GOST 8190-73, the angle oi was chosen equal to A5, the burner was installed on a SL-200 unit with a PSO-300 power source. After the fusible ring 3 was melted and an additional cavity 5 was formed at the working end of the refractory insert 2, the tube samples were snapped up with a diameter of 8 / x 12 nz of the AMG-6 alloy. Shielding gas argon.

The concentration of the arc is estimated from the change in the depth of penetration on the macroscopic points of the samples. The resource (service life) of the electrodes was determined before they were destroyed and part of the tungsten insert flowed out into the weld or the tip cavity was melted with liquid copper.

The research data are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Then, welding was carried out at a current of 100 A with a refractory insert diameter of 1 mm, changing only the angle of inclination of the holes. The height S of the easily fusible ring 3 was 0.5 mm, the depth of the insert was 1.0 mm, and the protrusion of the ring beyond the end of the insert was 0.3 mm.

The proposed non-consumable electrode for arc welding compared with the prototype can improve the stabilization of the arc, increase its concentration and increase 3S due to this, the depth of penetration of the arc. In addition, the resource (service life) of the electrodes is increased, the consumption of tungsten is reduced, which makes the welding process more economical, while a 1.6–1.7 times increase in labor productivity is achieved due to an increase in the melt melting capacity of the meadow and reducing the percentage of rejects. The consumption of tungsten is reduced by 1.9 gallons per hour due to EXTERNAL life of non-smelting materials. Formula 3

1, Non-lapping ..; ; ui .uv-.

READY welding in С-рР, Р Ьч: ;; -; HIM- g-tch

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CONSTANT1.1M consisting of and; a large cooled tip and a pit. 9 ki made of refractory metals, pressed from the side of the end face of the pit

VYIIeM WEATHER, whose walls I h50IOT

the shape of the circular torus, with the exception of the fact that, for the purpose of increasing the resistance of the electrode and the CGS, the potential is on the side of the front end; the cavity is hollow, which has the shape of a convex torus, and additional tag 1 the pid cavity of the bent TopSj is finished with a height of 1/3 - 1/2 of the height of the refractory insert, and in the napottechnka along; at an angle of 30 to the longitudinal axis of the electrode, radial holes for supplying with the cavity are drilled

2, A method of manufacturing an unplanable arc welding electrode, comprising drilling a hole in

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 nlkofit. chii 4-f :, v cTriHO V v i

NOGO that ron.nrjnicor) n oPrPLPPYanie n nlkp rechcheke log.t ,. GTRNK which had from f. pg-toggles go torp,

For example, before the installation of the tight insert, part of the hole on the end side is opened and g.

h 4- (i / 3 - 1/2) 3., where h is the shortest distance from the working torp of copper to the end of the copper core to the working end of the fusible insert S is the height of the fusible ring, and on the tsrrp of the refractory insert is 1/3 - t / 2 re. “s- sot1 n8 sitting down this ring made of lightweight plastic; viegap r. an obrozuk of the LHP whose Hi-seeT is the shape of a torus, li after the formed utility, which have the shape of a convex torus, rac. the easy-ring ring is melted to form an additional cavity; having the shape of a concave torus,

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Editor E. Mesropoia

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Compiled by G. Tyutchenkon

Tehr ed I.PopopichKoppeKTiip G. Reshegin

Zakl 3085 The circulationPolisings

BHitnnH D g) s.chars7 of the Soviet Committee

 on w .. pam inventions and 1130, D), Moscoa, J-35, R ear of Iab., d. 4/5

ilpoHieo. i g .1-m; o, migrant, private entity1 speed enterprise, g, Uzhgorod, l,