RU117759U1 - DIGITAL RADIO RELAY RELAY STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to communication technology and can be used in microwave links to establish and maintain communications between correspondents. The technical result consists in reducing the deployment time of radio relay stations due to the automated alignment of the antennas of radio relay stations based on the readings of an electronic compass and calculation of azimuths; increasing the stability of the radio relay station to natural and deliberate interference due to the use of two frequency ranges for transmitting information over the air, due to the use of manual and automatic trunk switching modes, due to the use of adaptive power mode.

Description

The utility model relates to communication technology and can be used in microwave links to establish and maintain communications between correspondents.

A device for pointing antennas of a repeater is known, in which there are means of orientation and navigation (see RU 2368076 C2, 09/20/2006).

The known solution cannot be used in microwave links using very narrow beams generated by antennas.

The closest analogue is the ship multifunctional packet communication complex, which has means of radio relay communication lines, the complex contains a computer control complex of the information-control system, which automates the control processes of connections in communication networks, evaluates and selects radio channels, generates and monitors the status of communication paths ( RU 66134 U1, 08.27.2006).

In the known complex, the accuracy of establishing communication is rather low, due to the complexity of tuning the antennas that form rather narrow beams.

The technical result consists in reducing the deployment time of radio relay stations due to the automated alignment of the antennas of radio relay stations based on the readings of an electronic compass and calculation of azimuths; increasing the stability of the radio relay station to natural and deliberate interference due to the use of two frequency ranges for transmitting information over the air, due to the use of manual and automatic trunk switching modes, due to the use of adaptive power mode.

To ensure the technical result, a digital radio relay station is proposed, which comprises an antenna-feeder device connected to an antenna-rotator device and a transceiver, as well as a digital modem connected to a transceiver and a control unit connected to the antenna-rotator device, while the transceiver is made in the form of transceivers of the upper and lower subbands of high frequency, the antenna-feeder device is made in the form of antennas of the upper and lower subbands of high s, an automated remote alignment device with an electronic compass is introduced into the antenna-rotary device, designed to align the antennas in azimuth and transmit the azimuth values from the electronic compass to the digital modem, the digital modem is capable of receiving the azimuth value and transmitting the position deviation signals of the upper and lower antennas sub-bands of high frequencies from the alignment line to the control unit, switching transceivers of the upper and lower sub-bands of high frequency and gradual increase the calculation of their output power until synchronization is established between the relay stations, while the digital modem has an error probability meter configured to compare the fixed probability of error with the admissible probability and control the output power of the transceivers, the digital modem is capable of estimating the parameters of the communication channel from the signal / interference in the upper and lower high frequency subband of the pilot signals, and information parameters of the received signal based on cyclic redundancy code.

The digital modem in the receiving path further comprises a series-connected signal-to-noise ratio estimator, a noise-free decoder, and a redundant code checksum (CRC) calculator.

Figure 1 presents the structural diagram of radio relay stations.

Figure 2 presents the part of the receiving path of the modem, calculating the information parameters.

Each radio relay station contains an antenna-feeder device (AFU) 1 connected to an antenna-rotator 2 and to a transceiver 3, as well as a digital modem 4 connected to a transceiver 3 and to a control unit 5 connected to the antenna-rotary device 2, while the transceiver 3 is made in the form of transceivers of the upper and lower high frequency subbands, the antenna-feeder device 1 is made in the form of antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands, the device is inserted into the antenna-rotator A feature of automated remote adjustment 6 with an electronic compass 7, designed to align the antennas in azimuth and transmit the azimuth values from the electronic compass 7 to a digital modem 4, an error probability meter 8 is built into the digital modem 4, which is capable of comparing a fixed error probability with an acceptable probability and regulating the output power of transceivers 3, the operator monitors the station through an automated workstation (AWS) 9, the digital modem 4 includes an error-correcting code p 10, a block S / N ratio calculator 11 and the checksum CRC (cyclic redundancy code) CRC.

Digital modem 4 is designed to convert the input digital stream (stream E1 or Ethernet) to the output signal of the intermediate frequency (IF) and to convert the input IF signal to the output digital stream. The digital modem 4 is connected to the transceiver 3 of the upper frequency range by two intermediate frequency cables. The digital modem 4 is connected to the transceiver 3 of the lower frequency range by two intermediate frequency cables.

The upper sub-band transceiver operates in the upper high-frequency subband and is designed to convert the input IF signal to a high-frequency (HF) signal, to amplify the RF signal and to transmit the RF signal through the antenna of the upper frequency range, as well as for receiving from the antenna of the upper frequency range of the HF signal, its amplification and conversion into an IF signal. The transceiver of the upper frequency range is connected to the antenna of the upper frequency range by a coaxial cable.

The transceiver of the lower high-frequency subband operates in the lower high-frequency subband and is designed to convert the input IF signal to a high-frequency (RF) signal, to amplify the RF signal and to emit the RF signal through the antenna of the lower frequency range AFU 1, as well as for reception from the antenna the lower frequency range of the RF signal, its amplification and conversion into an IF signal. The transceiver of the lower frequency subband is connected to the antenna of the lower frequency range of the AFU 1 by a coaxial cable.

The automated remote alignment device (UAID) is designed to automatically align the antennas of the upper and lower frequency sub-bands in azimuth, as well as to transmit to the digital modem 4 the azimuth value from the electronic compass 7 connected to the control unit 5. The control unit 5 receives readings from the compass 7 and transmits them to a digital modem 4; the control unit 5 receives commands from the digital modem 4, to rotate the antenna-rotary device 2. The antenna-rotary device 2 rotates the antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency ranges of the AFU 1 mounted on it. Compass 7 is mounted on the UAU so that it is always aligned with the position of the antennas of the upper and lower subbands of high frequencies. Compass 7 is a magnetic field sensor that transmits to the control unit 5 a deviation of the position of the antennas of the upper and lower frequency ranges from the north direction. The automated remote adjustment device is connected to the digital modem 4 using a control cable.

The antenna of the upper frequency range is intended for broadcasting RF signals from the transceiver of the upper frequency range, for receiving RF signals and transmitting them to the transceiver of the upper frequency range.

The antenna of the lower frequency range is intended for broadcasting RF signals from the transceiver of the lower frequency range, for receiving RF signals and transmitting them to the transceiver of the lower frequency range.

Alignment of the antennas of the upper and lower frequency ranges is carried out according to the criteria: a) the best communication quality; b) on the basis of the readings of the electronic compass 7 and the geographical coordinates of the location of the two radio relay stations and is used in the radio relay station to reduce the time for its deployment in the field, when the operator of each radio relay station does not know the azimuth to the other radio relay station.

Compass 7 determines the azimuth of the direction of the antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands included in the radio relay station. An operator through an automated workstation (AWS) 9 communicates with another radio relay station (correspondent station) and must direct the antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands of his radio relay station to the correspondent radio relay station. For this, the digital modem of the 4 station provides the ability to calculate its own azimuth and azimuth of the correspondent based on the geographical coordinates of the two stations. After calculating the azimuths in the digital modem 4, the calculated azimuth value is compared with the compass 7. The difference in the readings is processed in the digital modem 4 and it sends a command to the control unit 5 to rotate the antenna-rotator 2. During the rotation of the antenna-rotator 2 to digital modem 4 continuously receives the readings of compass 7, and as soon as the readings of compass 7 coincide with the calculated azimuth value, digital modem 4 sends a command to stop the antenna-rotator 2. Adjustment tub antenna based on indications of the electronic compass and geographical location coordinates of the two relay stations ends. This adjustment is rough.

For the exact direction of the antennas according to the criterion of the best communication quality, an error probability meter 8 built into the digital modem is used. The operator of the automated workstation 9 of the radio relay station adjusts the antenna in manual mode, using the software with which the digital modem 4 sends commands to rotate the antenna-rotary device 2. In this case, the operator records on the automated workplace 9 changes in the probability of error in the interval. Thus, the exact alignment of the antennas is carried out in manual mode, based on the readings of the error probability meter 9 on the interval included in the digital modem 4.

Adaptive power control of the transmitter of the transceivers 3 depending on the interference environment (the so-called "adaptive power mode") is used to provide intelligence protection, i.e. security from detecting the presence of the station on the air.

A radio relay station goes on air with a minimum output power of transceivers 3 of the upper (lower) high-frequency sub-bands. If after a specified period of time T1 there is no synchronization with the correspondent station, the output power of the transceivers 3 of the upper (lower) high frequency subbands increases by a predetermined value Δ1. The process is repeated until synchronization with the correspondent station occurs. After synchronization, both radio relay stations forming the radio relay interval exchange information about the signal level received by each station. Then each station increases the output power of the transceiver 3 of the upper (lower) high frequency subband by Δ1 (for one station) and Δ2 (for another station). The values Δ1 and Δ2 are defined as the difference between the desired level of the received signal and the actual level of the received signal.

Further, in the process of operating the relay interval, the digital modem 4, which is part of each of the stations, uses the built-in error probability meter 8 on the interval to assess the quality of communication. Digital modem 4 records the error probability value every T2 seconds. If the fixed value of the probability of error in the interval exceeds the minimum acceptable level (which can be caused by the deterioration of the noise environment on the air, the digital modem 4 sends a command to the transceiver 3 of the upper (lower) frequency range to increase the output power by Δ3, which depends on the fixed value of the error probability .Likewise, if the fixed value of the probability of error in the interval is less than the maximum required level (which may be caused by an improvement in the noise environment and on the air), the digital modem 4 sends a command to the transceiver 3 to lower the output power Δ4, which depends on the fixed value of the error probability.

Support for synchronization, continuous monitoring and evaluation of communication channel parameters, transmission of service information (telemetry) can be carried out in two subbands simultaneously on pilot signals, but useful information is transmitted and received only in one high frequency subband. At the same time as receiving and transmitting data, the radio relay station constantly assesses the parameters of the communication channel from the allocated pilot signals that are not used for receiving and transmitting useful information. The pilot sequence is fixed. Pilot signals are transmitted in both high-frequency subbands; therefore, digital modem 4 has information about the state of the radio channel and the quality of communication in both frequency sub-bands. Based on this data, the digital modem 4 determines the subband with the best quality and uses it to receive and transmit useful information.

The digital radio relay station has the following operating modes:

- manual selection of one of two high-frequency sub-bands;

- adaptive selection of one of two high frequency subbands;

- adaptive selection of one of two high-frequency sub-bands in adaptive power mode.

The optimal operating mode of a radio relay station is set by the operator depending on the operating conditions of the station and the requirements for tactics of station use.

Additionally, the quality of the communication channel is estimated by the energy and information parameters of the received signal, for this at each stage the channel quality is evaluated based on the calculated energy and information parameters of the received signal. At the first stage, a primary (rough) assessment is made, based on the calculation of the signal-to-noise ratio (energy parameter).

At the second stage, a refined assessment is carried out, based on the calculation of the syndromes calculated in the noise-resistant encoder 10 of the digital modem 4.

In the third step, an accurate estimate is made based on the calculation of the checksum based on the cyclic redundancy code.

Thus, in the receiving path of the digital modem (Fig. 2), which consists of a signal-to-noise ratio estimator 11, an error-correcting decoder 10, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum calculator 12, three stages of channel quality estimation are carried out, moreover: scores are increased at each stage; The results of a rough and refined assessment are used in the digital communication modem 4 immediately after their receipt, as a result of which the system’s speed increases.

Claims (2)

1. A digital radio relay station containing an antenna-feeder device connected to an antenna-rotary device and a transceiver, as well as a digital modem connected to a transceiver and a control unit connected to an antenna-rotary device, characterized in that the transceiver is made in the form transceivers of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands, the antenna-feeder device is made in the form of antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands, the antenna-rotator is inserted automated remote alignment system with an electronic compass, designed to align the antennas in azimuth and transmit the azimuth value from the electronic compass to the digital modem, the digital modem is capable of receiving the azimuth value and transmitting the position deviation signals of the upper and lower high frequency antennas from the alignment line to the unit control, switching transceivers of the upper and lower subbands of high frequency and a gradual increase in their output power to establish synchronization between relay stations, while the digital modem has an error probability meter configured to compare the fixed probability of error with the admissible probability, and control the output power of the transceivers, the digital modem is capable of estimating the parameters of the communication channel by the signal to noise ratio in the upper and lower the high frequency subband of the pilot signals and information parameters of the received signal based on the cyclic redundancy code. 2. The radio relay station according to claim 1, characterized in that the digital modem in the receiving path further comprises a series-connected signal-to-noise ratio estimator, a noiseless decoder, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum calculator.