RU101101U1 - DEVICE FOR IGNITION OF FUEL-AIR MIXTURE IN THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BY LASER OPTICAL DISCHARGE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for igniting a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine with a laser optical discharge, comprising a laser, an optical fiber, a focusing lens connected to the laser via a fiber, a synchronization unit associated with a laser pump power amplifier, characterized in that the synchronization unit is connected to a distribution position sensor the shaft of the engine, and the focusing lens on the side of the engine cylinder has a thrust sleeve with a protective window separating the optical system from the combustion products in the engine cylinder Igater. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power amplifier is a package of capacitors associated with a battery.

Description

The utility model relates to the automotive industry, and specifically to ignition systems of the fuel-air mixture (FA) in internal combustion engines.

A device for ignition of fuel assemblies with a high-voltage electric discharge, including a battery, a chopper with a capacitor, a high-voltage ignition coil, a distributor and spark plugs (Tour E.Ya. et al. Automobile device. M., Engineering, 1991, p. 154- 156) .0 however, the known device does not provide sufficient voltage in the secondary circuit (after transformation, especially with increasing speed, compression ratio and the number of engine cylinders); the breaker contacts quickly wear out, as a result of which the reliability of operation decreases and, as a result, the efficiency of the engine deteriorates; in addition, it is difficult to start the engine, since for starting the engine the voltage in the secondary circuit must be greater than on a warm engine (Tur E.Ya. et al. Automobile design. M., Mechanical Engineering, 1991, pp. 154-156).

A known laser ignition system for a combustible mixture in an internal combustion engine and a method implementing it (RF Patent No. 2309288 IPC F02P_23 / 04, 2003), which is closest to the claimed utility model and adopted as a prototype, in which a combustible mixture is heated and ignited by the energy of two laser sources , while the first laser source in the combustible mixture creates a local heated area by vibrational movement of the focal spot by oscillation of the optical system, and the second laser source at the time of ignition of the combustible mixture gives an energy pulse in the center of the heated volume of the combustible mixture comprises a synchronization device connected to the power amplifier and the pump laser by a proper laser, wherein the synchronization unit is connected with a crankshaft position sensor, and the laser associated with fiber-optic communication with the focusing lens. In the known device it is impossible to obtain oscillations of the optical system with a frequency an order of magnitude higher than the engine speed required to heat the volume of the mixture; the design is complex and expensive due to the need to use the energy of two lasers to ignite a combustible mixture and their synchronization.

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to increase the reliability of ignition of fuel assemblies at high pressures, to simplify the ignition system, as a result of which economic efficiency is achieved when using a laser ignition system in ICE.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the ignition device of the fuel-air mixture in the internal combustion engine with a laser optical discharge containing a laser, an optical fiber, a focusing lens connected to the laser via a fiber, the synchronization unit associated with the laser pump power amplifier is new, that the synchronization unit is connected to the engine camshaft position sensor, and the focusing lens on the cylinder side of the engine has a thrust sleeve with a protective window separating the optical system from the combustion products in the cylinder.

A power amplifier is a package of capacitors associated with a battery.

Figure 1 presents a General diagram of the method of ignition of a fuel assembly in an internal combustion engine based on an optical discharge.

Figure 2 presents the optical diagram of the ignition system,

where 1 - camshaft position sensor; 2 - synchronization unit; 3 - laser pump power amplifier; 4 - laser; 5 - optical fiber; 6 - engine piston; 7 - window; 8 - focusing lens; 9 - sleeve; 10 - igniter housing; 11 - the cylinder of the engine.

The fuel-air mixture ignition device comprises a laser 4 with an optical fiber 5 and with a focusing lens 8. The synchronization unit 2 is connected to a pump power amplifier 3 of the laser 4 and to the camshaft position sensor 1 of the engine. The focusing lens 8 in the upper part is connected to the laser 4 through the optical fiber 5, and from the cylinder 11 side of the engine 11 has a thrust sleeve 9 to which a quartz glass window is attached, which separates the optical system from the combustion products in the cylinder of the engine 11.

The power amplifier 3 of the laser pump 4 is a package of capacitors associated with the battery.

The device operates as follows. The signal from the engine camshaft position sensor 1 and the synchronization unit 2 also enters the pump power amplifier 3 and is supplied to the laser 4. The laser beam passes through the optical fiber 5 and is focused into the focal spot using the lens 8 to obtain an optical discharge on the piston surface 6. Focusing laser beam 4 on the metal surface of the piston 6 activates the process of achieving an optical discharge that ignites a combustible mixture. The location of the optical discharge on the piston surface is regulated depending on the composition of the combustible mixture and the engine speed by changing the lead time of the ignition moment supplied to the laser 4. The focusing lens 8 is located in the igniter body 10 and is fixed by the sleeve 9. The laser beam passes through quartz glass (window) 7 and focuses on the surface area of the piston. A quartz glass window 7 is necessary to protect the lens from possible carbon deposits.

Thus, the proposed device, due to the intensification of laser ignition of fuel assemblies on the metal surface of the engine piston, allows to simplify the ignition system, by using a single laser, to increase the reliability of ignition of fuel assemblies at high pressures, thereby achieving economic efficiency and, therefore, the availability of using a laser system ignition in the internal combustion engine.

Claims (2)

1. A device for igniting a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine with a laser optical discharge, comprising a laser, an optical fiber, a focusing lens connected to the laser via a fiber, a synchronization unit associated with a laser pump power amplifier, characterized in that the synchronization unit is connected to a distribution position sensor the shaft of the engine, and the focusing lens on the side of the engine cylinder has a thrust sleeve with a protective window separating the optical system from the combustion products in the engine cylinder Igater. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power amplifier is a package of capacitors associated with a battery.