PT81127B - ITEM FOR SMOKERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The cigarette has a carbonaceous fuel element. A separate aerosol generator has a substrate bearing an aerosol forming material. The fuel element and substrate are arranged in a conductive relationship, so that the heat-stable substrate receives conductive heat transfer throughout the burning time of the fuel element. The fuel element is less than 30mm in length, with a density of at least 5 g/cc. An insulation material can surround part of the fuel element. The insulation is resilient and at least 15 mm thick. The cigarette also has a mouthpiece.

Description

SMOKING ARTICLE

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an article for smokers that produces an aerosol similar to tobacco smoke and that contains no more than a minimum amount of products of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis.

Many articles for smokers have been proposed over the years, most especially during the last 20 to 30 years, but none of them has achieved any commercial success.

Despite several decades of interest and efforts, there is still no smoking article on the market that provides the benefits and advantages associated with conventional cigarette smoking, without providing considerable amounts of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis products.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an article for smokers that is capable of producing substantial amounts of aerosol, both initially and during the life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol forming element and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis products or incomplete combustion, and preferably without substantial amounts of smoke in side chains. Smokers' articles according to the present invention are capable of providing the user with the sensations and benefits »

smoking cigarettes without burning tobacco.

These and other advantages are obtained by providing an oblong smoking article that looks like a cigarette and uses a fuel element, preferably carbonaceous material, together with a physically separate aerosol generator element that is in relation to heat exchange with the fuel element. When lit, the fuel element generates heat which is used to volatilize the substance or substances that form the aerosol, contained in the aerosol generating element. These volatile materials are then aspirated towards the nozzle end, especially during aspiration, and into the user's mouth, in a manner analogous to the smoke of a conventional cigarette.

The fuel element preferably has a length of less than about 30 mm and, more preferably, less than 15 mm, a density of at least 0.5 gram per cubic centimeter and is provided with one or more longitudinal passageways. The aerosol generating element advantageously includes a heat stable substrate comprising one or more aerosol forming substances. The heat exchange between the fuel and the aerosol generator is preferably carried out via a conductive heat element, such as a metal foil that efficiently conducts or transfers heat from the combustion fuel element to the aerosol generating element. . This heat conducting element is preferably in contact with the fuel element and the aerosol generating element surrounds at least a part of its peripheral surfaces. In addition, at least part of the fuel element is preferably ~ -> 7

equipped with a peripheral insulating element, such as an insulating fiber wrap, this reference wrap having an elastic constitution and a thickness of at least 0.5 mm, which reduces heat losses in radial directions and the retention and direct heat from the fuel element to the aerosol generating element. The insulating element preferably involves at least a part of the fuel element and, advantageously, at least a part of the aerosol generating element.

Since the preferred fuel element is relatively short, the fire cone, oxidizing and hot, is always close to the aerosol generating element, which improves the heat transfer to the latter and increases the resulting aerosol production, especially in embodiments that are provided with a heat conducting element. The preferred use of a relatively short substrate or carrier with little solid mass, serving as the generating element of the aerosol, in the immediate proximity of the short fuel element, also increases the production of the aerosol and minimizes the subtraction of heat from the substrate. Since the aerosol-forming substance is physically separated from the fuel element, it is exposed to temperatures substantially lower than those present in the fuel fire cone, thus minimizing the possibility of thermal degradation of the aerosol former. In addition, the especially preferred use of a carbonaceous fuel element, which is substantially free of volatile organic material, eliminates the presence of products from substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion, and eliminates the generation of substantial secondary streams of smoke.

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invention, it is usually provided with a nozzle end, including elements, such as a longitudinal channel of passage, to supply the user with the volatile material produced by the aerosol generating element. The article advantageously has the same total dimensions as a conventional cigarette and, as a result, the mouthpiece part and the aerosol producing element usually extend over more than half the length of the article. Alternatively, the fuel element and the aerosol generating element can be produced without a nozzle zone or aerosol supply element, to be used together with a separate nozzle part, disposable or reusable.

article for smokers in accordance with the present invention, it may also comprise a tobacco filler or bar which can be used to add a tobacco aroma to the aerosol. The tobacco is preferably placed on the end of the aerosol generating element which is directed towards the mouthpiece part of the article, or the tobacco can be mixed with the carrier for the aerosol forming substance. Flavoring agents can also be incorporated in the article in order to flavor the aerosol supplied to the user.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are capable of providing at least 0.6 mg of aerosol, measured as a fully particulate wet substance (SNTP), in the first six aspirations when the smoking process takes place under FTC smoking conditions. / An FTC smoking condition consists of two seconds of aspiration (total volume of 35 ml) separated by 58 seconds of slow combustion, with no aspiration.

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in the first three aspirations. The most preferred embodiments of the invention are capable of providing 3 mg or more of aerosol in the first three aspirations when the article is smoked under FTC smoking conditions. In addition, preferred embodiments of the invention provide an average amount of at least about 0.8 mg of the moist, fully particulate, substance in each aspiration for at least about 6 aspirations, preferably at least for about 10 aspirations, under FTC smoking conditions.

smoking article according to the present invention is also capable of providing an aerosol that is chemically simple, consisting essentially of carbon oxides, air, water, and the aerosol that contains any desired flavoring agents or other volatile materials, and still in traces of other materials. The aerosol preferably does not have any mutagenic activity according to the Ames Test to be discussed later. · In addition, the article can be prepared in such a way that it leaves virtually no ash so that the user does not need to. remove ash while using it.

aerosol term ”used in the present application for a patent, and only for the purposes of the latter, is defined to include vapors, gases, particles and similar substances, both visible and invisible, and especially those components that have for the smoker a aspect similar to smoke, generated by the action of the heat produced by the fuel element and transferred to the original rabad

anywhere else in the article. According to this definition, the term aerosol also includes volatile flavoring agents and / or agents with pharmacological or physiological action, regardless of whether they produce a visible aerosol.

The term heat conducting exchange, used in this text, is defined as a physical arrangement of the aerosol generating element and the fuel element in which the heat is transferred by conduction from the fuel fuel element to the aerosol generating element, substantially during the entire combustion period of the fuel element. A conductive heat exchange can be carried out by placing the aerosol generating element in contact with the fuel element and in the immediate proximity of the surrounding part of the fuel element, and / or using a conductive element to transfer heat from the fuel to the aerosol generating element. Preferably both methods are used to effect a heat conductive exchange.

carbonaceous term used in the text means mainly comprising carbon.

The term insulating element used in the text is applicable to all materials that mainly have an insulating action. These materials are preferably not chipped during use, but may include slow-burning carbons and similar materials, as well as materials that melt during use, such as low temperature glass fiber species. The insulators have a thermal conductivity in g-cal / (sec) (cm2) (C / cm), lower

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than about 0.05, preferably less than about 0.02, and more preferably less than about 0.005. See Hackh's Chemical Dictionary n? 34, (4th edition), 1969, and Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (Lange's Handbook of Chemistry), n. 10, p. 272-274 (11th edition, 1973) ·

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS article for smokers in accordance with the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings whose figures show:

figs. 1 to 9 are side views of various embodiments of the present invention, partially in longitudinal sections;

fig. IA - a cross-section through the embodiment of fig. 1, along line 1A-1A in fig. 1 ;

fig. 2A - a longitudinal section through a fuel element profiled for the embodiment according to fig. 2 ;

fig · 3A - a cross-section through the embodiment of fig. 3, along line 3A-3A in fig.

; and fig. 10 - a graphical representation showing the average Christian temperature profile of the smoking article according to fig. 5, during use.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The embodiment of the invention, shown in fig. 1, which is preferably the diameter of a conventional cigarette,

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includes a short, carbonaceous fuel element 10, in contact with it an aerosol generating element 12 and a paper tube 14 lined with a foil, which forms the nozzle end 15 of the article. In this embodiment, the fuel element 10 consists of a torch charcoal, that is, carbonized wood, which is provided with 5 longitudinal passageways 16, as seen in fig. IA. The fuel element 10, which is about 20 mm long, can optionally be wrapped in cigarette paper to facilitate the ignition of the coal fuel. This paper can be treated with known additives to facilitate its combustion.

aerosol generating element 12 includes a plurality of glass beads 20 coated with one or more aerosol forming substances, such as glycerin. The glass beads are held in place by means of a porous disc 22, which may consist of cellulose acetate. This disk may be provided with a series of peripheral grooves 24 that form passageways between the disk and the sheet-lined tube 14.

paper tube 14, lined with foil, which forms the nozzle end of the article, wraps the aerosol generating element 12 and the non-fuel end of the fuel element 10. The tube also forms a passage channel 26 for the aerosol, between the aerosol generating element 12 and the nozzle end 15 of the article.

The presence of the sheet-lined tube 14, which couples the rear end of the fuel element 10 to the aerosol generator 12, also increases the heat transfer to the aerosol generator. The metelira leaf also contributes to extinguish the fire cone. When only a small original querbad remains

it.

The sheet used in this article is typically an aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.009 mm (0.35 thousandths of an inch), but the thickness and / or the type of the metal used can be varied in order to achieve any desired degree of transfer of heat. Other types of heat-conducting elements can also be used, such as Grafoil, which can be supplied by Union Carbide.

article illustrated in fig. 1 optionally also includes a tobacco body or bar 28 for flavoring the aerosol. This load of tobacco 28 can be placed at the rear end of the disc 22, as shown in fig. 1, or it can be placed between the glass beads 20 and the disk 22. It can also be placed in the through channel 26 at a spaced point from the aerosol generator 12.

In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, the short fuel element 10 consists of a pressed carbon bar about 20 mm long and provided with an axial passage channel 16. Alternatively, the fuel can be formed from carbonized fibers, preferably also provided of an axial passage channel corresponding to channel 16. In this embodiment, the generating element of aerosol 12 comprises a substrate 30, carbonaceous, conductive and thermally stable, such as a porous carbon body, which has been impregnated with one or more substances for aerosol formation. This substrate can optionally be provided with an axial passage channel 32, as seen in fig. 2. This form

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preferably located at the rear end of the substrate

30. For the sake of a good aspect of the article, the latter optionally also includes a filter 34 in highly porous cellulose acetate, which can be provided with peripheral grooves 36 in order to provide passage channels for the aerosol forming substance between the filter 34 and the leaf tube 14. Optionally, as seen in fig. 2A, the front end 11 of the fuel element can be profiled to improve its ignition.

The embodiment of the invention, illustrated in fig.

3, includes a short carbonaceous fuel element 10, connected to the generating element of the aerosol 12 by a thermally conductive bar 99 and by a paper tube 14 lined with metal foil, which also leads to the rear end 15 of the article. In this embodiment, the fuel element 10 can consist of torch coal, or a pressed or extruded coal bar, or another source of carbonaceous fuel.

The aerosol generating element 12 includes a carbonaceous and thermally stable substrate 30, such as a porous carbon bar, which has been impregnated with one or more aerosol forming substances. This embodiment includes a hollow space 97 between the fuel element 10 and the substrate 30. The portion of the sheet-lined tube 14, which surrounds this hollow space, includes a plurality of peripheral holes 100 that allow a sufficient amount of air into that hollow space to provide a pressure drop.

As seen in figs. 3 θ 3A, the heat conducting element includes a conductive bar 99 and 0 tube 14 lined with

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leaf. The bar 99, preferably formed of aluminum, is provided with at least one - but preferably 2 to 5 - peripheral grooves 96 in order to allow air to pass through the substrate. The article of fig. 3 has the advantage that air, introduced into hollow space 97, contains less carbon oxidation products as it is not conducted through the fuel.

The embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 includes a fuel element 10 in fibrous coal, such as carbonized cotton or artificial silk. The fuel element includes a single axial channel of passage 16. The substrate 38 of the aerosol generator is a granular and thermally stable carbon. A tobacco charge 28 is placed immediately behind the substrate. This article is equipped with a cellulose acetate tube 40, instead of the tube lined with metal foil, described in the previous embodiments. This tube 40 includes an annular zone 42 of cellulose acetate fibers, surrounding an optional tube 44 in synthetic material, for example in polypropylene. At the rear end of this element, indicated by 15, there is a filtering body 45 of low efficiency cellulose acetate. The entire length of the article is surrounded by cigarette paper 46. A cork or white paint coating 48 can be used at the rear end of the article to simulate a nozzle. A strip of foil 50 is placed on the inner side of the paper, near the end of the article containing the fuel. This strip preferably extends from the rear of the fuel element to the rear end of the tobacco charge 28.

Can be integral with 0 paper ου can be a separate part

applied before the outer paper wrapper,

The embodiment of fig. 5 is similar to that of fig 4. In this embodiment the aerosol-forming element 12 consists of an aluminum macro-capsule 52 that is filled with a granular substrate, or, as seen in the drawing, with a mixture of a granular substrate 54 and tobacco 56. Macrocapsule 52 has ends 59 and 60 flanged in order to wrap the material and prevent migration of the aerosol former. The flanged end 58, adjacent to the fuel element, is preferably in end-to-end contact with the latter, to facilitate conductive heat transfer. A hollow space 62, formed by the end 58, also helps to prevent migration of the aerosol former to the fuel element. There are longitudinal passageways 59 and 61 to allow the passage of air and the aerosol-forming substance. The macro-capsule 52 and the fuel element 10 can be joined by a standard conventional cigarette paper wrapper 47 as shown in the drawing, by means of perforated ceramic paper, or by means of a strip of foil. If cigarette paper is used, a strip 64 near the rear end of the fuel element must be printed or treated with sodium silicate or other known materials, which cause the paper to extinguish. The entire length of the article is wrapped with conventional cigarette paper 46.

Fig. 6 illustrates another embodiment including a pressed coal fuel element 10. In this embodiment, the fuel element has a profiled front end 11 to facilitate the ignition of the article.

go, and a rear end in the form of a truncated cone 9 to facilitate its adaptation in a tubular wrap 66 in metal foil. Pressed against the rear end of the fuel element is an aluminum disc 68 with a central hole 70. An optional second aluminum disc 72 is equipped with a hole 74 and is located at the rear end of the aerosol generator 12. Enter these discs have a zone 76 containing a particulate substrate and a zone 78 of tobacco. The tubular envelope 66 in metal foil, within which the fuel element is mounted, extends behind and beyond the second aluminum disc 72. This embodiment also includes a hollow bar 42 in cellulose acetate with a tube interior 44 in polypropylene, and a filter body 45 in cellulose acetate. All the length of the article is preferably wrapped with cigarette paper 46.

The embodiment shown in fig. 7 illustrates the use of a substrate 80 embedded within a large cavity 82 formed within the fuel element 10. In this embodiment, the fuel element is preferably formed from an extruded carbon and the substrate 8 is usually a porous and relatively rigid material. The entire length of the article is wrapped with conventional cigarette paper 46. This embodiment can also include a strip of foil 84 in order to couple the fuel element 10 to the tube 40 in cellulose acetate and to contribute to the extinction of the fuel .

The embodiments illustrated in figs. 8 and y include a non-fuel insulating layer 86 that wraps the rare fuel element 10 and concentrates the heat in the

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fuel element. These embodiments also contribute to reducing any potential for igniting the fuel fuel.

In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, both the fuel element 10 and the substrate 30 are located within an insulating tubular layer 86 of insulating fibers, such as ceramic fibers, for example glass fibers. Instead of ceramic fibers, non-fuel fibers or graphite fibers can be used. The fuel element 10 preferably consists of an extruded coal bar having a longitudinal hole 16. In the illustrated embodiment, the front end 11 extends slightly beyond the edge of layer 86 to facilitate ignition. The substrate 30 is /

a solid, carbonaceous and porous material, although other types of substrates can be used. The substrate and the rear of the fuel are wrapped with a piece of aluminum foil 87. As seen in the illustration, this fuel unit / substrate with wrap is coupled to a piece with nozzle, for example the oblong tube of acetate cellulose 40 shown in the figure, with an outer conventional paper cigarette wrapper 46. The wrapper 86 extends to the rear end of the substrate 30, but can replace cellulose acetate bar 42.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, an aluminum macro-capsule 52, of the type illustrated in fig. 5, it is used to wrap a granular substrate 54 and a tobacco body 56. This macro-capsule is preferably located entirely inside the insulating casing 86. Furthermore, the front end 11 of the fuel element 10 is not saturated. URiG ^ lAL _t

it leans beyond the front end of the casing 86. The macro-capsule and the rear port of the fuel element are preferably surrounded by a piece of aluminum foil in a manner similar to that shown in fig. 8.

Alternatively, the aluminum foil 52 surrounding the substrate is only edged at the front end. In such an embodiment, the rear end of the fuel element can be inserted at one end of the sheet and a polypropylene tube can be threaded over the rear end of the sheet, or it can be placed end to end with this end. This whole set is wrapped with fiberglass in order to obtain a diameter of a conventional cigarette.

When igniting any of the embodiments described above, the fuel element burns, generating the heat used to volatilize the aerosol forming substance or substances present in the aerosol generating element. These volatile materials are then aspirated towards the nozzle end, especially during the aspirations made by the smoker, and into the mouth of the smoker, similar to the smoke of a conventional cigarette.

Since the fuel element is preferably relatively short, the cone of fire, fuel and hot, is always close to the aerosol generating body, which increases the heat transfer to the aerosol generating element, thus increasing the resulting aerosol production, especially when using the preferred element for conducting heat. In addition, the preferred insulating element tends to z

to confine, direct and concentrate the heat towards the core

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central part of the article, thus increasing the heat transferred to the aerosol-forming substance.

Since the aerosol-forming substance is physically separated from the fuel element, it is subjected to a temperature substantially lower than that present in the fuel cone of fire. This minimizes the possibility of joining. thermal degradation of the aerosol former. This also results in aerosol production during aspiration, but little or no aerosol production during slow combustion. In addition, the use of the preferred carbonaceous fuel elements and a physically separate aerosol generating element, eliminates the presence of products of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion and prevents the production of substantial sidestream smoke streams.

Because of the small dimensions and combustion characteristics of the preferred carbonaceous fuel element of the present invention, it will normally ignite over almost the entire exposed length after few inhalations. Thus, the part of the fuel element adjacent to the aerosol generating element, becomes hot quickly, which significantly increases the heat transfer to the aerosol generating element, especially during the first and medium aspirations. As the preferred fuel element is short, there is never a long section of non-combustible fuel that can act as a heat extraction element, as was often the case in previous articles operating with a thermal aerosol. Heat transfer, and therefore aerosol delivery dc, tipping over is increased by the use of longitudinal channels passage throu _r

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pass through ο fuel, which conducts hot air to the aerosol generator, especially during aspirations.

In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the short carbonaceous fuel element, the heat conducting element, the insulating elements, and the passages that pass through the fuel, cooperate with the aerosol generator to provide a system that is capable of produce substantial amounts of aerosol, virtually with each aspiration. The immediate proximity of the fire cone of the aerosol generator after some aspirations, together with the insulating element, result in a high heat supply both during the aspirations and during the relatively long periods of slow combustion between them.

Although the present invention should not be considered as limited by theory, it is assumed that the aerosol generating element is maintained at a relatively high temperature between the aspirations and that the additional heat supplied during those aspirations, which is significantly increased by the channel or channels that through the fuel element longitudinally, it is used mainly to vaporize the aerosol-formed substance. This increased heat transfer makes more efficient use of the energy available in the fuel, reduces the amount of fuel needed and helps to deliver an aerosol early. In addition, the conductive heat transfer used in the present invention is considered to reduce the combustion temperature of the carbonaceous fuel, a temperature which, it is also assumed, reduces the CO / COp ratio in the combustion products produced by the fuel . See, for example, General Inorganic Chemistry, G. Hagg, rág. 592

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(John Viley & Sons, 1969).

In addition, by making an appropriate choice of the fuel element, the insulating paper wrapper and the heat-conducting element, the outer wrapper can regulate the combustion properties of the fuel source. This provides opportunities to regulate the heat transfer to the aerosol generator which, in turn, changes the number of aspirations and / or the amount of aerosol supplied to the user.

The fuel elements that can be used in the practice of the present invention are, in general, lengths less than about 30 mm. The fuel element advantageously has a length of about 20 mm or less, preferably a length of about 15 mm or less. The diameter of the fuel element is advantageously 3 to 8 mm and is preferably between about 4 and 5 mm. The specific weight of the fuel elements used in the present invention is generally between about 0.5 g / cm3 and about 1.5 g / cm3 · The specific weight is preferably greater than 0.7 g / cm3 and more preferably greater than 0.8 g / / cm3 · The fuel element is preferably provided with one or more longitudinal channels such as channels 11 in figs. 1 to 5. These channels provide porosity and increase the anticipated heat transfer to the substrate, increasing the amount of hot gases reaching the substrate.

The preferred fuel elements used in the present invention are mainly formed from a carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous fuel elements preferably have a length of between about 5 and r

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sufficient to provide fuel for at least about 7 to 10 aspirations, this being the normal number of aspirations generally obtained when smoking a conventional cigarette under PTC smoking conditions.

carbon content of such a fuel element is at least 60 to 70%, more preferably at least about 80% by weight. Excellent results have been obtained with fuel elements with a carbon content of at least 85% by weight. Fuels with a high carbon content are preferred, as they produce a minimum of pyrolysis and incomplete combustion products, few or no mineral smoke streams and a minimum amount of ash, and have a high heat capacity. However, fuel elements with a lower carbon content, for example 50 to 65% by weight, are also included within the scope of the present invention, especially where an inert, non-combustible filler material is used.

Other combustible materials can also be used although not preferred, such as tobacco, tobacco substitutes and the like, as long as they generate and conduct sufficient heat to the aerosol generating element to produce the desired level of aerosol from the forming material of it, according to the previous discussion. The specific weight of the fuel used should be greater than about 0.5 g / cm3, preferably greater than about 0.7 g / cm3, which is higher than the specific weights normally used in conventional smoking articles. In the casn? in bad original

When using these other materials, it is very convenient to include carbon in the fuel, preferably in amounts of at least about 20 to 40% by weight, more preferably at least about 50% by weight, and most preferably at least about 65 to 70% by weight. 70 by weight, the remaining percentage being occupied by the other combustible components, including any binding agents, combustion modifiers, moisture, etc.

The carbonaceous materials used in the preferred fuel or constituting the same, can be derived from virtually any of the numerous carbon sources that are known to those skilled in the art. The carbonaceous material is preferably obtained by pyrolysis or carbonization of cellulosic materials such as wood, cotton, artificial silk, tobacco, coconuts, paper and the like, although carbonaceous materials from other sources can be used.

In most cases, the carbonaceous fuel element must be capable of being ignited by means of a conventional cigarette lighter, without the use of an oxidizing agent. The combustion characteristics of this type of fuel can generally be obtained from a cellulosic material that has been pyrolysed at temperatures between about 400 ° C and about 1000 ° C, preferably between about 500 ° C and about 950 ° C , in an inert atmosphere or under vacuum. The duration of the pyrolysis is not considered critical, provided that the temperature in the center of the pyrolyzed mass has reached the values mentioned above for at least a few minutes. However, it is assumed that a slow pyrolysis, using gradually increasing temperatures over several hours, produces a

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more uniform material with greater coal production.

Although undesirable in most cases, carbonaceous fuel elements that require the addition of an oxidizing agent to make them flammable by means of a cigarette lighter, are included within the scope of the present invention, as well as carbonaceous materials that require the use of a glow retardant or any other type of combustion modifying agent. Such combustion modifying agents have been described in several invention patents and publications and are known to those skilled in the art.

The most preferred carbonaceous fuel elements for use according to the present invention are substantially free of volatile organic material. This means that the fuel element is not expressly impregnated or mixed with substantial amounts of volatile organic materials, such as volatile aerosol-forming elements or volatile flavoring agents, which could break down in the fuel. However, small amounts of water, which are naturally absorbed by the fuel, may be present in the fuel. Similarly, small amounts of aerosol-forming substances can migrate from the generating element of the aerosol and thus can be present in the fuel element.

A preferred carbonaceous fuel element consists of an extruded or pressed carbonaceous body, prepared from coal with a binder, by means of conventional pressing or extrusion forming techniques. A preferred activated carbon for such a fuel element and PCB-G, and a preferred non-activated carbon is P7C, both of which are provided.

r

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by Calgon Carbon Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA,

USA Other preferred coals for press forming *. and / or extrusion are prepared from pyrolyzed cotton or pyrolyzed papers.

Binders that can be used in the preparation of such a fuel element are well known in the art. A preferred binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC), which can be used alone, which is preferred, or in conjunction with materials such as sodium chloride, vermiculite, bentonite, calcium carbonate and the like. Other useful binders include gums, such as guar gum and other cellulose derivatives, such as methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).

A wide range of binder concentrations can be used. The amount of the binder is preferably limited in order to minimize its contribution to undesirable combustion products. On the other hand, a sufficient amount of binder must be included to keep the fuel element on during the preparation and use of the same. The amount used will therefore depend on the cohesion of the coal in the fuel element.

If desired, the aforementioned fuel elements can be pyrolysed after formation, for example, at about 65 ° C for 2 hours, in order to convert the binder into coal, thus forming a fuel element consisting of virtually 100% of coal.

The fuel elements used in the present invention may also contain one or more additives to improve combustion, such as up to about 5% chloride

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sodium in order to improve the characteristics of slow combustion and as a retardant of the incandescent state. Up to about 1% by weight, preferably 1 to 2% by weight, of potassium carbonate can also be included in order to improve the ignition capacity. Additives can also be used to improve physical characteristics, such as clays such as kaolin, streamers, atapulgites and the like.

Another carbonaceous fuel element is a carbon fiber fuel, which can be prepared by carbonizing a fibrous starting material, such as cotton, artificial silk, paper, polyacrylonitrile and the like. A pyrolysis at a temperature between about 65 ° C and 1000 ° C, preferably at about 95 ° C, for about 30 minutes, in an inert atmosphere or under vacuum, is generally sufficient to produce a suitable carbon fiber with good characteristics. combustion techniques. Combustion modifying additives can also be added to these fibrous fuels.

aerosol generating element used in the practice of the present invention is physically separated from the combustible element. By the term physically separated it is understood that the substrate, the container or the chamber that contains the materials that make up the aerosol, is not mixed with the fuel element, nor is it part of this element. As already noted, this arrangement contributes to reducing or eliminating the thermal degradation of the aerosol-forming substance and the presence of side smoke streams. Although it is not part of the fuel, the aerosol generating element is in conductive heat exchange with the fuel element and is ideally located top to end with the fuel element or ORIGINAL adBAD

lying there.

The generating element of the aerosol includes, preferably, one or more thermally stable materials which are provided with one or more substances that form the aerosol. The term thermally stable used in this specification means a material capable of withstanding high temperatures, for example 400 ° C to 600 ° C, which exist in the vicinity of the fuel, without decomposition or combustion. It is assumed that the use of such a material contributes to maintaining the simple chemical smoke system of the aerosol, as evidenced by the absence of Ames activity in the preferred forms of realization. Although not preferred, other aerosol-generating elements, such as heat-shrinkable micro-capsules, or solid aerosol-forming substances, are included within the scope of the present invention, as long as they are capable of releasing sufficient amounts of vapors aerosol builders to satisfactorily look like tobacco smoke.

Thermally stable materials that can be used. used as a substrate or carrier of the aerosol forming substance are well known to those skilled in the art. The usable substrates must be porous and capable of retaining an aerosol-forming composition when not in operation, and still capable of releasing a potential aerosol-forming vapor when they are heated by the fuel element.

The thermally stable materials that are usable include thermally stable absorbent carbons, such as porous carbons, graphite, active or non-active carbons. ORIGINAL

vermiculite, clays such as bentonite, and the like. The materials normally preferred for the substrates are charcoal felts, fibers, and mats, activated carbons and porous carbons such as PC-25 and PG-bO supplied by Union Carbide, as well as SGL coal supplied by Calgon.

Depending on the particular aerosol generating elements used for the practice of the present invention, their composition and configuration can generally be selected from fibrous and particulate porous blocks, solid blocks with one or more longitudinal passageways extending through of them, and the like. Substrates, especially particulate substances, can be placed inside a container, preferably formed from a foil.

The aerosol generating element used in the present invention is normally placed at a distance of not more than about 60 mm, preferably not more than 30 mm, and more preferably not more than 15 mm from the front end of the fuel element. The aerosol generator can vary in length from about 2 mm to about 60 mm, preferably from about 5 mm to 40 mm, and more preferably from about 20 mm to 35 mm. If a non-particulate substrate is used, it can be provided with one or more channels to increase the exposed surface area of the substrate and to increase air flow and heat transfer.

The substance or substances that make up the aerosol used in the present invention must be able to supply}

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an aerosol at the temperatures present in the generating element of the aerosol when it is heated by the oxidizing fuel element. Such substances will preferably be composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but can include other materials. Aerosol-forming substances can be solid, semi-solid or liquid. The boiling point of the substance and / or the mixture of substances can reach values in the range of 500 ° C. Substances with these characteristics include polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerin and propylene glycol, as well as aliphatic esters of mono-, di-, or poly-carboxylic acids, such as methyl stearate, dodecane dioate, dimethyl tetradodecanedioide and others.

Aerosol-forming substances will preferably include a mixture of a substance with a high boiling point and low vapor development and a substance with a low boiling point and high vapor development. Thus, in the first inhalations, the substance with a low boiling point will supply most of the initial aerosol, while, when the temperature in the aerosol generator increases, the substance with a high boiling point will supply most of the aerosol.

Preferred substances for aerosol formation are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures of polyhydric alcohols. Especially preferred aerosol builders are selected from glycerin, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

Aerosol-forming substances can be dispersed on or within the aerosol-forming element in a concentration sufficient to permeate or coat the ORIGINAL setsBAD

tract, carrier ου container thereof. For example, the aerosol-forming substance must be applied in full concertion. traction or diluted in a solution by immersion, vaporization, vapor deposit, or similar techniques. Solid aerosol-forming components can be mixed with the substrate and distributed evenly completely before formation.

Although the loading of the aerosol-forming substance varies from one substrate to another and from one aerosol-forming substance to another, the amount of substances

net trainers aerosol may vary generally in cer ca 20 mg a about 120 mg, preferably of fence in 35 mg about 85 mg, and more preferably about 45 mg

at about 65 mg. As much as possible the aerosol former located on the aerosol generating element should be provided to the user as WTPM. Preferably, more than about 2% by weight, more advantageously more than about 15% by weight, and even more preferably above about 20% by weight of the aerosol former located in the aerosol generating element is provided to the user like WTPM.

The aerosol generating element may also include one or more volatile flavoring agents, such as menthol, vanillin, artificial coffee, tobacco extracts, nicotine, caffeine, alcoholic beverages and other agents that impart an aroma to the aroma. It can also include any other desirable volatile materials in solid or liquid form.

As mentioned above, the smoking article according to the present invention can also include a filler or a tobacco body that can be used to add

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L ..................... J

an aroma of tobacco to the aerosol. The tobacco is preferably placed at the rear end of the aerosol generating element, or can be mixed with the substrate for the aerosol-forming substance. Flavoring agents can also be incorporated into the article to flavor the aerosol supplied to the user.

If a tobacco charge is used, the hot vapors are conducted through the tobacco bed in order to extract and vaporize the volatile components in the tobacco, without the need to burn the tobacco. Thus, the user of this article for smokers receives an aerosol that contains the qualities and aromas of natural tobacco, without the combustion products produced by a conventional cigarette.

Alternatively, these optional agents can be placed between the aerosol generating element and the nozzle end, for example on a substrate or in a separate chamber within the passage channel that extends from the aerosol generating element to the nozzle end, or within the optional tobacco charge. If desired, these volatile agents can be used instead of part or all of the aerosol-forming substance, so that the article provides a flavor or other material to the user who does not come from the aerosol.

Articles of the type described in this specification may be used - or modified for use as drug delivery articles, for the administration of pharmacologically or physiologically active volatile materials, such as ephedrine, metaproterenol, terbutaline or simi. lare s.

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heat conducting element, used in practical reference of the present invention, is typically a metallic film, such as aluminum foil whose thickness varies between values less than about 0.01 mm and about 0.1 mm, or more . The thickness and / or the type of conductive material can be varied in order to achieve virtually any desired degree of heat transfer. As shown in the illustrated embodiments, the heat conducting element is preferably in contact with or overlapping with a part of the fuel element and the aerosol generating element, and can form the container that houses the forming element thereof.

Insulating elements that can be used according to the present invention generally comprise inorganic or organic fibers such as glass, alumina, silica, glassy materials, mineral wool, coals, silicones, rubber, organic polymers, cellulosic and the like , including mixtures of these materials. Non-fibrous insulating materials can also be used, such as silica airgel, pearlite ”, glass and the like, formed in the form of mats, strips or other shapes. The preferred insulating elements are elastic, to help imitate the feel of a conventional cigarette. These materials act mainly as an insulating shell, retaining and directing a significant part of the heat, generated by the oxidizing fuel element, to the aerosol generating element. Since the insulating shell becomes hot in the area adjacent to the oxidizing fuel element, to a limited degree, it can also conduct heat to the aerosol generating element.

’Ϊ

ORIGINAL BAD 'l _____, i HI.S ·

Typically preferred insulating materials include ceramic fibers, such as glass fibers. Two particularly preferred glass fibers are supplied by the Manning Paper Company of Troy, New York, under the designations Manniglas 1000 and Manniglas 1200. The insulating fiber is generally wound around at least part of the fuel element and any other desired area of the reaching a final diameter between 7 and 8 mm. So, to espej? The preferred thickness of the insulating layer is between 0.5 and 2.5 mm, preferably between about 1 and 2 mm. If possible, glass fiber materials with a low softening point, for example less than about 65 ° C, are preferred.

When the insulating element is fibrous, a barrier element is preferably used at the tip of the article. One of these barrier elements comprises an annular element consisting of high density cellulose acetate fibers, which element is placed end to end with the fibrous insulating element and which is sealed, preferably at the end with a nozzle, with, for example, glue in order to block air flow through the fibers.

In most embodiments of the present invention, the fuel element assembly with the aerosol generating element will be attached to a nozzle end, such as a paper tube lined with metal foil, or lined with cellulose acetate / synthetic material , as illustrated in the figures of the drawings, although a mouthpiece end may be provided separately, for example in the form of a mouthpiece. This element of the article provides the pathway that directs the final aerosol substance,

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in the evaporated state, into the user's mouth. Due to its length, preferably of about 50 to 60 mm or more, this element keeps the cone of hot fire away from the user's mouth and fingers.

Suitable nozzle parts must be inert with respect to aerosol-forming substances, must be provided with a waterproof or liquid-proof inner layer, must cause a minimum loss of aerosol through condensation or filtration, and must be able to withstand the temperature prevailing on the contact surface with the other elements of the article. Preferred mouthpiece parts include the tube lined with metal foil from figs. 1 to 3 and the cellulose acetate tube used in the embodiments illustrated in figs. 4 to 9 <Other nozzle parts can be presented to those skilled in the art.

The mouthpiece parts of the present invention can include an optional filter body which is used to give the article the appearance of a conventional filter cigarette. Filters of this nature include low density cellulose acetate filters and hollow filters or a labyrinth made of synthetic material, such as those made of propylene. In addition, the entire length of the article or any part thereof can be provided with an outer cigarette paper wrapper.

The aerosol produced by the preferred articles of this invention is chemically simple, consisting essentially of air, carbon oxides, the aerosol containing any desired flavorings or other desired volatile materials, water, and traces of other materials. The original humid substance

particulate matter (SHTP) produced by articles

favorite of this invention does not present any mutagenic activity as is measured by the Ames test, that is, there is no relationship between dose and response en between the present SHTP invention and the number of reversers that

occur in normal test microorganisms exposed to such products. According to the proponents of the Ames test, a significant response, depending on the dose, indicates the presence of mutagenic materials in the products tested. See: Ames et al., Mut.Res. 31, p. 347 to 364 (1975); Nagas et al., Mut.Res. 42, p. 335 (1977).

Yet another advantage offered by the preferred embodiments of the present invention is the relative absence of ash produced during use, in comparison with ash from a conventional cigarette. Combustion of the preferred source of carbonaceous fuel essentially produces carbon oxides with relatively little ash production, and there is therefore no need to remove ash during use of the article.

The article for smokers according to the present invention will be illustrated more extensively with reference to the following examples which contribute to understanding the invention, but which should not be considered as limiting it. All percentages mentioned in the examples are percentages by weight, unless otherwise indicated. All temperatures are expressed in degrees Celsius and have not been corrected. In all cases, articles for smokers have a diameter between 7 and 8 mm, this being the diameter of a conventional cirrus.

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Example 1

An article for smokers was constructed according to the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1. The fuel element was a piece of coal from the torch shot with a length of 25 mm, provided with 5 longitudinal channels of passage with a diameter of 1.02 mm (0.040 inch), made with a drill no. 60. The weight of the coal was 0.375 g. The fuel element was surrounded by conventionally treated cigarette paper. The substrate consisted of 500 mg of glass beads with an average diameter of 1.63 mm (0.064 dust) whose surfaces were coated with two drops - about 50 mg - of glycerol. When this substrate was placed inside the tube, its length was about 6.5 mm. The tube, lined with metallic foil, comprised an inner layer of aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.0089 mm (0.35 thousandths of an inch) inside an outer layer of white paper, helically wound, with 0.108 mm (4, 25 thousandths of an inch) thick. This tube involved the rear zoπα of 5 mm in length of the fuel element. A short piece (8 mm) of cellulose acetate, with four grooves around the periphery, was used to hold the glass beads against the fuel element. An additional piece of cellulose acetate filter, provided with grooves and with a length of 8 mm, was introduced at the end of the pipe nozzle to provide the appearance of a conventional cigarette. The total length of the article was about 70 mm.

Models of this type provided an amount of color

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-34 considerable aerosol when aspirating

reduced aerosol levels when using 2 ^ε and 3 ^? aspirations and a good supply of aerosol during aspirations 4 to 9. Models of this type generally produced about 5 to mg of fully particulate wet substance (SHTP) when smoked using an intermittent suction machine, according to a FTC smoking process with a volume of 35 ml per aspiration, with a duration of 2 seconds and an interval of 60 seconds between aspirations.

Example 2

A. Four articles for smokers were built with combustible elements in pressed coal 10 mm in length and with glass bead substrates. The fuel elements consisted of 90% PCB-G and 10 SCMC, and were pressed under a load of about 2273 kg (5000 pounds) and provided with a conical front end illustrated in fig. 2A.

Each element was provided with a central longitudinal channel with a diameter of 1.02 mm (0.040 inch). Three of the four fuel elements were wrapped with 8 mm wide strips of conventional cigarette paper. The fuel elements were introduced, at a depth of about 2 mm, into 70 mm long sections of the tube lined with metal foil described in Example 1. Glass beads, coated with the amounts of glycerol shown in the following table, were introduced in the open end of the tube lined with foil and were tightened with the fuel element by means of foam polypronylene filters, with lengths of 5 mm, being cut from a series of longitudinal peripheral grooves. A cellulose acetate filter

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J

smoked by said aspiration machine under FTC smoking conditions, and the fully particulate wet substance (SHTP) was collected on a series of Cambridge plates. The results of these tests are shown in Table I.

QTJADRO I

Glass beads (weight) in Trainer aerosol (Weight) THE 400.4 mg 40.5 mg Bx 405.6 mg 59.4 mg Ç 404.0 mg 60.6 mg D 803.8 mg 81.0 mg

SHTP (mg) / aspirations y

* The fuel bar in this

1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 Total 8.1 4.5 0.9 0 13.5 10.2 1.9 0.7 0 12.8 7.6 6.9 0.4 0 14.9 5.9 2.5 3.7 0.9 13.0 model no · was involved with

cigarette paper.

B. 3 smokers' articles similar to the articles described in Example 2A were built with combustible elements on 20 mm long torch charcoal, of the type described in Example 1. These articles were smoked by said suction machine under FTC conditions smoking and SHTP was collected on a series of Cambridge plates. The results of these tests are shown in Table II.

0Τ ^τ ΑΒγ! 7 II

Accounts

Trainer

SHTP (mg) / aerosol glass aspirations

(Weight) (Weight) AND 402.4 mg 60.6 mg Fx 404.7 mg 63.1 mg G 500.0 mg 50.0 mg bar in fuel in this

cigarette paper.

1-3 4- 6 7-9 10-12 Total 0.1 5.4 6.2 0.6 12.3 0.5 0.9 2.2 3.1 7.0 0.3 2.9 3.0 0 6.2 model no ' was involved with

Example 3

A. Four articles for smokers were constructed similar to that illustrated in fig. 2, with a 10 mm compressed car fuel element, the front end being profiled as shown in fig. 2A. The fuel element consisted of 90% PCB-G coal and 10% SCMC, with a compression load of about 2273 kg (5000 pounds). A 1.02 mm (0.040 inch) diameter longitudinal axial channel was drilled into the element. The substrate for the aerosol former was cut and profiled from PC-25, a porous coal marketed by Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT (USA). The substrate in each article was about 2.5 mm long and about 8 mm in diameter. The substrate was loaded with an average weight of about 27 mg of a 1: 1 propylene glycol-glycerol mixture. The tubular rear part of the article, lined with metal foil, of the same type as that used in Example 1, involved the last 2 mm of the rear end of the fuel element and the substrate. A load of Burley tobacco

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about 100 mg was placed against the rear end of the substrate. A short filter piece, about 5 to 9 mm, made of polypropylene, equipped with inner baffles, was placed at the rear end of the tube lined with metal foil. A 32 mm long cellulose acetate filter, with a hollow polypropylene tube at its core, was placed between the tobacco and the filter piece. The total length of each article was about 78 mm.

B. Six additional articles were constructed substantially as described in Example 3A, but the substrate length was increased to 5 mm and an 1.02 mm (0.040 inch) diameter axial through channel was drilled through the substrate. Furthermore, these articles did not have a cellulose acetate / polypropylene tube. About 42 mg of the mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol were applied to the substrate. In addition, two batches of Burley tobacco were used, each about 100 to 150 mg. The first was placed against the rear end of the substrate and the second against the filter piece.

C. Four additional items were built to replace. as described in example 3A, but using, instead of the Burley tobacco filler, a body of about 100 mg of cured tobacco containing about 6 by weight of monohydrogen phosphate and diamonium.

D. Smokers' articles constructed in accordance with Examples 3A-C were examined using the standard Ames Assay. See Ames et al., Mut.Res. 31: 347-364 (1975), modified by Nagas et al., Mut. Res., 42: 335 (1977) and 113: 173-215 (1983) · Samples 3A and C were smoked in a machine

conventional simulation of smoking cigarettes, using the curmions of a volume of 35 ml per aspiration, a duration of two seconds per aspiration and an interval of 30 seconds between aspirations, for ten aspirations. The smoking articles of Example 3B were smoked in the same way but with an interval of 60 seconds between aspirations. Only one filter paper was used for each group of articles. This resulted in the following amounts of fully particulate wet substance (SHTP) for the groups of articles indicated

SHTP

Example 3A

Example 3B

Example 30

63.4 mg

50.6 mg

69.2 mg filter paper for each of the examples mentioned above, containing the collected SHTP, was stirred for 30 minutes in UMSO to dissolve the SHTP. Each sample was then diluted to a concentration of 1 mg / ml and used, in the condition exactly as it had been prepared, in the Ames test. Using the process of Nagas et al., See Mut.Pes., 42; 335-342 (1977), concentrations of 1 mg / ml of SHTP were mixed with the S-9 activation system and with normal bacterial cells from Ames, and incubated at 37 ° C for 20 minutes. The bacterium used in this Ames assay was ”Salmonel_ la typhimurium, TA 98. See Purchase et al., Nature, 264:: 624-627 (1976). Then agar was added to the mixture and plates were prepared. The agar plates were incubated for 2 days at 37 ° C and the resulting cultures were counted. Four plates were used for each dilution and normal deviations

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colonies were compared with a pure DMSO reference culture. As shown in Table III, there was no mutagenic activity caused by SHTP obtained from any of the smokers' articles tested. This can be confirmed by comparing the average number of revertants per plate with the average number of revertants obtained from the reference culture (0 µg SHTP per plate). For mutagenic samples, the average number of revertants per plate will increase as the doees increase.

^ ADRO III

Example 3A

Dosage Çpg in SHTP by Average number of re- board strands per plate Standard deviation* Reference 0 49.3 3.4 33 51.3 9.1 66 50.5 7.0 99 50.8 5.2 132 51.5 5.3 165 53.8 10.1 198 48.3 4.6 Example 3B Dosage (pg in SHTP by / / Niimero average of board strands per p ^ ca Standard deviation Reference 0 56 10.5 31, 5 40 7.8 63 48.3 6.3 94, 5 54.0 8.4 126 39 4.7 157, 5 42.5 9.3 189 43 9.1 Example 30 Dosage (pg in SHTP by Average number of board strands per plate Standard deviation* Reference 0 48.3 5.7 36 50.3 9.9 72 49.0 3.9 108 55.3 4.5 144 43.0 6.4 180 42.3 8.8 216 44.1 7.8

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Example 4

Five articles for smokers were constructed according to fig. 2. Each article had a 10 mm pressed coal fuel source, as described in Example 3A. This fuel element was introduced, up to a depth of 3 mm, at one end of a 70 mm long tube, lined with aluminum foil, of the type described in Example 1. A carbon felt substrate, 5 mm thick. length, this section that was cut from an artificial silk charcoal felt sold by Fiber Materials Inc., was placed end to end against the fuel element. This substrate was loaded with an average amount of about 97 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol, about 3 mg of nicotine and about 0.1 mg of a mixture of flavorings. A body of mixed tobacco, with a length of 5 mm, was placed end to end against the rear end of the substrate. A 5 mm long cellulose acetate filtering piece was placed at the rear end of the tube lined with metal foil.

These articles were subjected to a process of aspiration by the smoking simulator machine, under FTC smoking conditions. The aerosol from these articles was collected on a single Cambridge paper (133 * 3 mg of SHTP), diluted in DMSO to obtain a final concentration of 1 mg of SHTP per ml, and tested for Ames activity, as as described in Example 3D, using each of the following bacteria: Salmonella tvphimurium ”TA 1535, 1537, 1538, 98 and 100. As shown in Table IV, there was no activity. mutagenicity caused by SHTP collected in the examined articles.

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TABLE IV

TA 1535 TA 1537 Number Revert dosage average of loved Dosage* Number reversed medium int in Reference 0 16 Reference 0 14 25 13 25 13 50 14 50 14 75 17 75 11 100 14 100 13 125 13 125 13 150 12 150 14 TA 1538 TA 98 Number medium in Number average of Dosage* reversing Reverting dosage * Reference 0 15 Reference 0 61 25 13 25 62 50 22 50 47 75 16 75 42 100 20 100 44 125 19 125 39 150 19 150 40

Dosage* TA 100 Average number of reversals Reference 0 110 25 109 50 105 75 99 100 107 125 10B 150 ICiQ x / ig of SHTP per plate

ORIGINAL BAD ~~ τα ~

Example 5

A smoking article was constructed according to a 10 mm thick coal fuel body, having the configuration illustrated in fig. 2A, but no tobacco. The fuel element consisted of a mixture of 90% activated carbon PCB-Gede and 10% SCMC as a binder, under a pressing load of about 2273 kg (5000 pounds). The fuel element was provided with a 1.02 mm (0.040 inch) diameter axial through channel. The substrate was a porous coal body 10 mm long, made of PC-25 coal from Union Carbide. This body was provided with an axial channel of 0.74 mm (0.029 inch) in diameter and was loaded with 40 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol. The tube lined with metal foil surrounded, as in Example 1, the rear 2 mm of the fuel element and formed the end with nozzle. The article did not have a filter nozzle, but was wrapped externally with conventional cigarette paper. The total length of the article was 80 mm.

The average values of the maximum temperatures for this article are shown for aspiration ”and for combustion shown in fig. 10. As shown, the temperature constantly drops between the rear end of the fuel element and the rear end of the article. This ensures the user that there is no unpleasant burning sensation when using the product of the present invention.

Example 6

An article for smokers was constructed according to the embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 · The _BA0 fuel element

It consisted of a 19 mm long piece of torch charcoal, without longitudinal channels. An aluminum bar 3.2 mm in diameter (1/8 inch) and 28 mm long was embedded 15 mm in the fuel element. The part of the aluminum bar that passed through the substrate was provided with four peripheral grooves of 9 mm x 0.64 mm (0.025 inch), arranged 90 ° apart from each other. The substrate consisted of 8-mm long PC-25 coal from Unlon Carbide. The grooves made in the aluminum bar extend about 0.5 mm beyond the end of the substrate towards the fuel element. The substrate was loaded with 150 mg of glycerol. The tube lined with metal foil, which was the same as in Example 1, involved a part of the rear part of the fuel element. A gap was left between the non-oxidizing end of the fuel element and the substrate. A series of holes were drilled through the tube lined with metal foil, in the region of the said crack, to allow air to pass through. A similar article was also constructed with a compressed coal fuel body.

Example 7

An article for smokers was constructed according to fig. 4, with a carbonized cotton fiber fuel source, prepared as follows. Four strips of cotton were tightly plaited by means of a cotton thread, together forming a rope with a diameter of about 10.2 mm (0.4 inch). This material was placed under a nitrogen atom in an oven that was heated to 95 ° C. This temperature was reached after a warm-up period

1 1/2 hours, and was kept constant at this value for

1/2 hour. From this pyrolized material, a piece with a length of mm was cut to serve as a fuel element.

element was provided with an axial channel with a diameter of 2 mm. The fuel element was introduced 2 mm into a tube lined with metal foil with 20 mm length, of the type described in Example 1. Within this lined tube, 100 mg of PC-25 coal from Union Carbide, in granulated form, was introduced. , containing 60 mg of a 1: 1 propylene glycol-glycerol mixture. A tobacco body 5 mm long and weighing about 60 mg was placed immediately behind the granular substrate within the lined tube. An annular tube of cellulose acetate 48 mm long and having a polypropylene inner tube with an inner diameter of 4.5 mm, was inserted about 3 mm into the sheet lined tube. A second tube lined with 50 mm long metal foil was inserted into the cellulose acetate tube until it was abutted end to end by the said 20 mm long lined tube. A 5 mm long cellulose acetate filter body was introduced at the end of this second lined tube. The total length of this article reached mm. After being lit, this article produced substantial amounts of aerosol during the first six breaths, having a tobacco aroma.

Example 8

An article for smokers was constructed according to fig. 5, comprising a fibrous fuel element 15 mm long, substantially as described in Example 7. Macro-capsule 52 was formed from one piece

ORIGINAL BAD

Lu »· * - · - - 46-

with 15 mm in length of aluminum foil 0.10 mm (4 thousandth of an inch) thick which was crimped to form a 12 mm long capsule. This capsule macro-tube was filled - not compactly - with 100 mg of granulated PC-60, a coal obtained from Union Carbide, and with 50 mg of mixed tobacco. The granulated charcoal was impregnated with 60 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol. The macro-capsule, the fuel element and the rear end of the article were joined by means of a conventional piece of paper for cigarettes with a length of 85 mm.

Example 9

An article for smokers was constructed according to the embodiment illustrated in fig. 6 with a fuel element in pressed coal and containing 90% PXC type coal and 10% SCMC. The axial passage channel had a diameter of 1.02 mm (0.040 inch). This fuel body was introduced in a tube lined with aluminum foil having a length of 17 mm, in such a way that 3 mm of the fuel element was inside the tube. A disc of aluminum foil, 8 mm in diameter and 0.089 mm (3.5 milliseconds) thick, with a central hole 1.24 mm (0.049 inches) in diameter, was inserted at the other end the tube and placed so that it is against the end of the fuel element.

A quantity of the PG-60 from Union Carbi de was granulated and sieved to a particle size through a sieve with meshes between -6 and +10. 80 mg of this material was used as substrate, sc ·

ORIGINAL BAD

on which 80 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol was loaded. The impregnated granules were introduced into the sheet tube and were leaning against the sheet disc at the end of the fuel element. 50 mg of mixed tobacco was placed, in an uncompacted state, against the substrate granules. A second aluminum foil disc, with a central hole of 1.24 mm (0.049 inch) in diameter, was inserted into the foil tube and placed at the rear end of the tobacco body. A long, hollow cellulose acetate bar, provided with a hollow polypropylene tube as described in Example 7, was introduced 3 mm into the sheet lined tube. A second tube lined with foil was inserted into the cellulose acetate bar so that it is abutted against the end of the 17 mm long lined foil tube.

This model provided 11.0 mg of aerosol in the first three aspirations when the article was smoked ' ¹ under FTC smoking conditions. The total aerosol supply in nine breaths was 24.9 mg.

Example 10

An article for smokers was constructed comprising the fuel element and the substrate configuration of fig. 7, using a 15 mm long pressed coal tubular fuel element, with an inner diameter of about 4 mm and an outer diameter of about of the mm. The fuel element consisted of 90 activated carbon PCB-G and 10 SCMC. The substrate was a piece of coal PC-25 from Unicn Carbide with 10 mm length and an outside diameter

ORIGINAL BAD ^

of about 4 mm. The substrate, loaded with 55 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of glycerin and prorylene glycol, was introduced at the end of the fuel element closest to the rear end of the article. This combination of fuel and substrate was introduced 7 mm into a 70 mm long sheet metal lined tube that had a short cellulose acetate filter at the rear end. The length of the article was about 77 mm.

article provided substantial amounts of aerosol in the first three aspirations and during the life of the fuel element.

Example 11

A modified version of the article for smokers according to fig. 9 was constructed as follows: an element with coal fuel 9.5 mm long, 4.5 mm in diameter and provided with an axial channel 1 mm in diameter, was extruded from a mixture of 10 £ of SCMC, 5 Ϋ of potassium carbonate and 85 $ of carbonized paper, mixed with 10 of water. The mixture had a pasty consistency and was fed to an extrusion machine. The extruded material was cut into convenient sections after drying at 80 ° C overnight. The macro-capsule was made from a piece of aluminum foil 0.0089 mm thick and 22 mm long, formed in a cylinder with a 4.5 mm inner diameter. The macro-capsule was filled with: (a) 70 mg of vermiculite containing 50 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of prorylene glycol and glycerin and (o) 30 mg of Burlev-type tobacco to which glycerin and 6 prorylene glycol. 0 combus element

BAD QRIGINAlJ

ible and macro-capsule were joined by introducing the fuel eleme ^r to about 2 mm at the end of the macro-capsule.

A polypropylene tube 35 mm long and 4.5 mm inside diameter was introduced at the other end of the macro-capsule. The fuel element, the macro-capsule and the polypropylene tube were thus joined together to form a segment with a length of 65 mm and an inside diameter of 4.5 mm. This segment was wrapped with several layers of Manniglass 1000 from the Manning Paper Company until a circumference of 24.7 mm was obtained. The unit was then combined with a 5 mm long cellulose acetate filter and wrapped with cigarette paper. When this article was smoked under FTC conditions, it provided 1 mg of SHTP during the first three aspirations; 7 mg of SHTP during aspirations n? 4 to 6;

and 5 mg of εΗΤρ during aspirations 7 to 9. The total supply of aerosol during the 9 aspirations was 20 mg. When placed horizontally on a piece of fibrous paper, the article did not ignite or even burn the paper.

Claims (41)

1. - Article for smokers, characterized by comprising: a) a carbonaceous fuel element; b) an element, physically separated, which serves to generate an aerosol including a substrate provided with an aerosol forming material; and c) a nozzle end; the fuel element and the substrate being arranged in a heat exchange relationship such that the substrate, stable to heat, receives a substantially conductive heat transfer throughout the time the fuel element is in combustion. 2. An article according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel element is less than about 30 mm in length. 3. - Article for smokers with oblong shape, characterized by comprising: a) a fuel element less than about 30 mm in length and having a density of at least 0.5 g / cm3; b) an element that serves to generate an aerosol in relation to heat exchange with the fuel element; and c) an element that serves to supply the aerosol produced by the element that generates it to the user-smoker. 4__Oblong article for smokers, characterized by understanding: a) a fuel element; b) a physically separate element that serves to generate an aerosol and including an aerosol forming material; and c) an insulating element that involves at least a part of the fuel element. 5.- Article according to claim 4, characterized in that the fuel element and the element that generates an aerosol have a heat exchange relationship between them. 6 - Article according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the fuel element is less than 30 mm in length. 7. An article according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that it produces a moist substance, entirely in particles, having no mutagenic activity, as this is measured by the Ames test. 8. An article according to claim 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the insulating element is elastic and has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm. 9. An article according to claim 8, characterized in that the insulating element comprises a fibrous material. 10. An article according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the insulating element also involves at least a part of the aerosol generating element. 11. Article according to any of claims 1, 3, 4, 5 or 8, characterized in that the fuel element is a carbonaceous material and has a length of less than 20 mm. 12. The article of claim 1, 3, 4, 5 or 8, characterized in that the fuel element is less than 15 mm long. 13. The article according to claim 11, characterized in that the fuel element is provided with a plurality of passages that pass through it longitudinally. 14.-Article according to the claims 2, 3, 4 or 8, characterized by further comprising a heat conducting element that contacts both the fuel element and the aerosol generating element. 15. Article according to claim 14, characterized in that the heat conducting element is metallic. 16. An article according to claim 15, characterized in that the metal element is a metal sheet that surrounds at least a part of the fuel element and the aerosol generating element. 17. The article according to claim 16, characterized in that the metallic element involves a substrate provided with the material that forms the aerosol. 18 — Article according to claim 16, characterized in that the metallic element is a metal bar embedded in at least a part of both the fuel element and the generating element of the aerosol 19. Article according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel element is less than about 15 mm in length. 20. Article according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the aerosol generating element is contained at least partially in a cavity formed in the fuel element. 21. The article according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the aerosol generating element comprises a porous substrate, not consisting of particles, and provided with a passage channel that extends longitudinally, at least partially, through the same. 22. Article according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the article provides at least 0.6 mg of a moist, fully particulate substance in the first three aspirations under conditions Smoking FTC. 23. An article according to claim 22, characterized in that the article provides at least about 1.5 mg of a moist, fully particulate substance in the first three aspirations under FTC smoking conditions. 24. Article according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the article provides an average amount of at least about 0.8 mg for each aspiration of a moist, fully particulate substance under FTC conditions smoking, for at least 6 aspirations. 25. An article according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that the aerosol generating element contains a substrate loaded with an amount between about 35 mg and 85 mg of the aerosol-forming substance. 26. An article according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that at least about 15% by weight of the aerosol forming element is supplied as a fully particulate wet substance under FTC smoking conditions. 27. The article of claim 1, 3 or 4, further comprising a tobacco charge placed between the rear end of the fuel element and the flared end of the article. 28. The article of claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that the fuel element does not substantially produce any visible side current of smoke during slow combustion. 29. An article according to claim 3, 4, 5 or 8, characterized in that the fuel element comprises a material containing carbon. 30. The article of claim 29, characterized in that the length of the fuel element is less than 20 mm. 31. The article of claim 29, characterized in that the length of the fuel element is less than 15 mm. 32. _Oblique article for smokers, characterized by comprising: a) a fuel element less than 30 mm in length; b) a physically separate element for generating an aerosol including a carrier element provided with an aerosol forming material; c) a heat conducting element from the fuel element to the aerosol generating element; and d) an insulating element that involves at least a part of the fuel element. 33. The article for smokers according to claim 32, characterized in that the heat conducting element comprises a heat conducting component which contacts both the fuel element and the aerosol generating element. 34. The article of claim 33, wherein the heat conducting element surrounds the carrier element for the aerosol forming material. 35 - Article according to claim 33, characterized in that the insulating element is elastic and has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm. 36. The article of claim 32, wherein the fuel element comprises a carbon-containing material. 37. The article of claim 36, wherein the fuel element is less than 15 mm in length. 38— Article according to claim 32, 33, 34 or 35, character Certified by the fuel element being carbonaceous. 39. The article of claim 33, characterized in that the fuel element is less than 15 mm in length. 40. Article according to claim 33, characterized in that the article provides an average amount of at least about 0.8 mg in each aspiration, of a moist, fully particulate substance, under FTC smoking conditions, for at least minus 6 aspirations. 41. An article according to claim 32 or 38, characterized in that it produces a wet substance entirely in particles which has any mutagenic activity, as measured by the Ames. Lisbon, September 13, 1985