KR20220158722A - plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a first heat exchanger plate (A) and a second heat exchanger plate (B) disposed towards each other and spaced apart from each other to define internal volumes capable of forming channels for the flow of a first fluid (F ₁ ). and a pair of heat exchanger (AB) plates (A, B) each comprising a central panel (A ₀ , B ₀ ), said central panels having quadrilaterals or optionally truncated, cut or rounded edges is a quadrilateral, flat and parallel to each other, and the two opposite sides of the central panel (A ₀ ) of the first plate (A) are parallel to the central panel (A ₀ ) in the direction of the second plate (B). forming first joining panels (P ₁ , P ₂ ) which are inclined with respect to and come into contact with the two correspondingly flat opposite sides of the central panel (B ₀ ) of the second plate (B).

Description

plate heat exchanger

The present invention relates in particular to the field of plate heat exchangers used for heat exchange between two gases, as well as between two liquids or between a liquid and a gas.

Heat exchangers of particular relevance to the present invention are gas-gas exchangers operating at relatively low pressures, for example between 0.01 and 1.5 MPa, and with large or small volume flow rates. It can be used, for example, in the form of an air preheater for a furnace or it can form part of a NOx abatement installation (DeNOx unit).

The purpose of a heat exchanger is to perform heat exchange between a hot fluid and a cold fluid without mixing them. The plate heat exchanger has good thermal performance because it has a large heat exchange area while still being compact.

A plate heat exchanger recovers heat by arranging a plurality of plates stacked parallel to each other at predetermined intervals. The plates are spaced in such a way that the space between two adjacent plates forms a channel through which fluid can flow. Hot and cold fluids are alternately supplied to the successive channels to effect heat transfer between the hot and cold fluids through each plate.

Patent EP165179B1 describes a plate heat exchanger in which channels are defined by spaces contained between press-formed quadrilateral plates. The press-formed plates comprise two pairs of opposite edges bent at 90° in opposite directions: when considering the plates in a horizontal plane, one pair is bent upward and one pair is bent downward. The press-formed plates are mounted symmetrically and joined together by welding along their vertical edges. In this heat exchanger, the inlet and outlet of each channel are the same.

Patent application US2010/0006274A1 describes a plate heat exchanger composed of quadrilateral plates with at least two opposite edges bent against the heat transfer surface. Fluid channels are defined by a space between a pair of identical plates positioned as mirror images of each other. As a result, the two bent edges of one plate are in contact with the two bent edges of the symmetrical plate. Thus, the plates are bent on at least two opposite edges.

Also from patent application FR 2 806 469 a plate exchanger is known, wherein each plate has a lip on each of its four sides: if one of these plates is considered on a horizontal plane, two of its opposing ribs are Extending upwards to join the plate to the upper plate, the other two opposing ribs extend downward to join the plate to the lower plate. Adjacent plates are joined together by welding between their respective ribs.

An object of the present invention is an improved plate row, in particular having a design of the plate which ensures a reduced number of manufacturing runs and/or reduced manufacturing time, and in particular also does not adversely affect the heat transfer performance performed by the exchanger or its robustness. to be provided to the exchanger.

A first subject matter of the invention comprises a first heat exchanger plate and a second heat exchanger plate arranged towards each other and spaced apart from each other to define an inner volume capable of forming a channel for the flow of a first fluid, each having a central It relates to a pair of heat exchanger plates comprising panels. The central panels are flat and parallel to each other. The two opposite sides of the central panel of the first plate (towards the inside of the pair of plates if the two plates are assembled as a pair) are inclined with respect to the central panel in the direction of the second plate and It forms first joining panels which come into contact with the two correspondingly flat opposite sides of the central panel. Advantageously, at least one of the central panels, in particular all of the central panels, is a quadrilateral or a quadrilateral with truncated, truncated or rounded edges.

It is noted that an edge "flat" within the meaning of the present invention is to be understood in a generally accepted manner, i.e. the edge is completely flat, from one end of the side of the plate in question to the other, to the completely opposite edge. Thus, an edge that is "flat" within the meaning of the present invention is not flat, and does not include, for example, beveled portions with respect to the center panel (as detailed below, the center panel may be entirely flat or may have a relief such as a groove or protrusion relative to the central plane). An edge "flat" within the meaning of the present invention does not have a bonding panel within the meaning of the present invention. This continues the central panel without any change of angle with it.

Thus, according to the present invention, two types of different plates are assembled in pairs, one bearing on its two opposite edges a joining panel which the corresponding edge of the other plate does not have. Compared to already known pairs of plates, the ones according to the invention are in particular obtainable by bending the first joining panels on one of the plates in just one or two operations, and then, accordingly, any previous shaping/bending No steps are required, and it is manufactured with fewer operations, considering that it is possible to join it directly to another plate that can be used as such and kept flat.

Preferably, the two plates of the pair of plates are geometrically different from each other. They are not identical, and they are advantageously not mutually symmetrical: they are preferably not “mirror-like” to each other or mutually symmetric about a plane, axis or point. Therefore, the choice of geometrically distinct plates to be assembled as pairs is a highly innovative feature.

Preferably, the first coupling panel is included in the plane of the central panel and an axis passing through the middle of the two other sides on which these first coupling panels are not provided, hereinafter referred to as "first intermediate axis". are mutually symmetric with respect to

The first joining panels make it possible to join the first plate to the second plate by fixing them together, for example by welding.

A space between the first heat exchanger plate and the second heat exchanger plate forms a first channel for receiving the first fluid flow.

Note that manufacturing/shaping of the plate may also include cutting/bending the corners of the plate.

The pair of plates according to the present invention have the same level of heat transfer performance as pairs of conventional plates, and are all shaped/bent so that the edges of the plates to be assembled are mechanically fixed/welded. Note that their mechanical robustness also remains at the same level.

According to one embodiment, at least one and in particular all of the first joining panels of the central panel of the first plate have a first part extending from the central panel and a second part extending from the first part. including The first portion forms an angle α with the central panel and the second portion is parallel to the central panel. This is a very advantageous configuration because it allows fixing the second part of the surface, ie the flat surface, to the edge of another plate which is also flat and parallel to it; This makes fixing of the welding type particularly easier.

The joining panels, especially the two parts of these joining panels, can be obtained by bending the plate, and the inclination of the joining panel, in particular the first part when it has two parts, does not necessarily mean a perfect angle in the bend. Note the point: the intersection between the plane of the central panel and the plane of the joining panel can form a rounded angled/curved transition zone. It is the same between the first part and the second part of the combining panel, when the joining panel has two joining panels: the second part may continue the first part with a curved transition zone between them.

Advantageously, the angle α between the first part of the first joining panel and the central panel is greater than or equal to 45°, preferably greater than or equal to 60°, in particular between 80 and 110°, preferably around 90°.

As a result, the width of the first part of the joining panel and its inclination angle α with respect to the central panel define the spacing between the two plates A, B: for the same angle, for example, the joining panel The wider the first part of , the larger the space between the two plates will be. Thus, due to their dimensions and their location relative to the central panel, once the exchanger is configured with one or more of these pairs, with a given plate height the joining panel only determines the height of the volume through which one of the fluids will flow.

According to a first variant, the two other opposite sides of the central panel of the first plate (sides on which the first coupling panel is not provided) are inclined with respect to the central panel in a direction away from the first coupling panel (thus, the plate extending towards the outside of the assembly consisting of pairs of s), in particular forming the second joining panel so as to come into contact with the corresponding opposite flat-shaped edges of the central panel of the third plate. Here, the third plate may be part of another pair of plates intended to be coupled to the aforementioned pair of plates to form an exchanger comprising a stack of several pairs of plates. In this case, this third plate can be shaped identically to the second plate, in particular it can be flat like the second plate and have no joining panels at its edges: the second joining panels are for example welded to the two flat edges of this third plate by means of

Preferably, said second joining panels of the second central panel are mutually symmetric about an axis included in the plane of the central panel and passing through the middle of the two other sides, hereinafter referred to as "second intermediate axis". .

Advantageously, at least one, and in particular all, of the second joining panels of the central panel of the first panel comprises a first portion extending from the central panel and a second portion extending from the first portion, wherein the The first part forms an angle β with the central panel and the second part is parallel to the central panel.

Accordingly, these joining panels can have a similar shape to the first joining panel and can therefore be made in one or two parts. They, on the same principle, due to their dimensions relative to the central panel and their inclination, define a given spacing between the first and third plates with a given plate size, once the exchanger is composed of a plurality of such pairs, and thus ( It makes it possible to define only the height of a volume through which another fluid (of a different composition and/or characteristic, usually of a temperature type) flows.

Preferably, the dimensions and/or slopes of the first and second joining panels are chosen to be effectively different, and the volumes dedicated to the flow of the two fluids are different.

Advantageously, the angle β between the first part of the second joining panel and the central panel is at least 45°, preferably at least 60° and in particular between 80 and 110°.

According to a second variant, the two other opposite sides of the central panel of the second plate are inclined with respect to said central panel in the same direction as the first joining panel (thus towards the outside of the assembly of pairs of plates in question). oriented) form the third joining panel so as to bring it into contact with the corresponding opposite flat-shaped edges of the central panel of the fourth plate in particular. In this configuration, the second plate of the first pair of plates incorporates this fourth plate and couples it to another pair of plates adjacent to it when the exchanger is assembled. The fourth plate in question preferably has a flat corresponding edge (the edge intended to join it to the third bonding panel), which, like the previous third plate, may be completely flat.

Preferably, said third joining panel of the second central panel is mutually symmetric about an axis included in the plane of the central panel and passing through the middle of the two other sides, hereinafter referred to as "the third intermediate axis". .

Preferably, one, and in particular all of the third panels of the central panel of the second panel comprises a first portion extending from the central panel and a second portion extending from the first portion, and wherein the first A portion forms an angle θ with the central panel and the second portion is parallel to the central panel.

Advantageously, the angle θ between the first part of the third joining panels and the central panel is at least 45°, in particular between 80 and 110°.

Preferably, the dimensions and slope of these third joining panels are similar or the same as the dimensions and slope of the second joining panel, because, like the second joining panels, they are different in a given plate size once the exchanger is assembled. This is because it determines the spacing between the two pairs of plates that contains the volume of space in which the fluid will flow. Thus, it is possible to have a value for angle β equal to the previous value for angle θ.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the second combined panels and/or the third combined panels differ from the first combined panels, in particular in terms of width and/or inclination with respect to their respective central panels. do. Specifically, the first coupling panels, as described above, determine a given volume height for the flow of the first heat exchange fluid, and the second/third coupling panels are coupled with another heat exchange fluid (or first coupling panel). Determine another given volume height for the flow of the same fluid in terms of composition/temperature, etc.

The first and/or second and/or third joining panels, when they are two parts, may have their first and second parts in the shape of approximately Z, the second part being centered from the first part. It extends in a direction away from the panel. Alternatively, they may be approximately in the shape of an inverted C, with the second part being bent in the direction of the central panel in contrast.

In terms of the manufacturing process, preferably the first and/or second and/or third joining panel is obtained by bending the edge of the central panel of the plate. For each plate, this may be a single bending operation, or several bending operations, in particular two bending operations.

A further subject of the invention is therefore a pair of plates as described above, wherein the first and/or second and/or third joining panels are obtained by bending the edges of the central panels of the plates.

Also from the point of view of the process, preferably, the plates are connected to the flat edge of one of the plates and the joining panel of the other plate once it comes into contact either at a single pair of plates or between two plates of two adjacent pairs of plates. are joined together by welding between the flat parts of the

A further subject of the invention is heat exchanger plates (A, B) comprising two spaced apart successive pairs of plates as described above, representing a first pair of heat exchanger plates and a second pair of heat exchanger plates. is a stack of pairs of

- the first pair and the second pair are arranged parallel to each other and facing each other, the space between the plates of each pair forming a channel F ₁ for receiving a first flow of fluid;

- the space between said first pair and said second pair of heat exchanger plates forms a channel F ₂ for receiving a second flow of fluid, said second pair preferably identical to said first pair or a mirror image of the first pair.

According to one embodiment, the stack of pairs of heat exchanger plates (A, B) comprises two successive spaced-apart pairs connected laterally by a closing means, which closing means is preferably an edge bar, or C-profile or U-profile cover plates, or suitable flat cover plates, for example having a hexagonal or pentagonal shape.

According to one alternative or additional embodiment, the stack of heat exchanger plate pairs (A, B) comprises two successive spaced pairs connected laterally by a second or third joining panel.

Another subject of the invention is a plate heat exchanger comprising a pair of heat exchanger plates or a stack of pairs of heat exchanger plates as described above, said pairs or stack of pairs being arranged in a frame.

A further subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a stack of at least two pairs of heat exchanger plates as described above, said method comprising the following steps:

- manufacturing at least 4 plates each having a central panel of 4 sides,

- on the one hand, for at least two of the central panels, bending first and second opposite sides to form first joining panels, the first joining panels each having a first slanting angle with respect to the central panel; bending the first and second opposing sides, wherein the first joining panels are preferably mutually symmetrical about a central axis of the central panel;

- on the other hand, optionally, bending the third side and the fourth side of the at least two central panels in a direction away from the first and second coupling panels to form second coupling panels, said the third side and the fourth side, wherein the second joining panels comprise a first portion inclined with respect to the central panel, the first joining panels being preferably mutually symmetric about the first central axis of the central panel; Bending the; or bending the first side and the second side of at least two of the other central panels to form third combined panels, wherein the third combined panels have a first portion inclined with respect to the two central panels. wherein the second or third joining panels are preferably mutually symmetric about the second intermediate axis of the central panel;

- placing the heat exchanger plates in two stacks, i.e. a first stack of mutually identical plates, and a second stack of mutually identical plates different from the plates of said first stack;

- at least two of the plates from a plate from the first stack and another plate from the second stack by fixing, in particular by welding, the first joining panels of one of the plates to the corresponding flat edges of the other plate; forming a pair, wherein a space between two plates of each pair forms a first fluid channel;

- joining together at least two pairs of plates thus formed, wherein the space between the pairs of heat exchanger plates is such that the second joining panels or the third joining panels of a pair of plates are connected to the flat edges of an adjacent pair of plates. or forming a second fluid channel, in particular by fixing laterally through a closing means, for example by welding.

Specific and/or preferred embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the preceding description and in the text that follows. These may be implemented individually or, where technically possible, may be combined together without limiting the combination.

Other features and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following description, given purely by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1a shows two heat exchanger plates A and B in an embodiment of the variant “with a pair of joining panels”.
1b shows a corresponding pair of plates according to the invention when said plates A and B are assembled.
Figures 2a, 2b show two plates A and B in an embodiment of the variant "with two pairs of joining panels".
Figure 2b shows the pair of plates according to figure 2a when said plates A and B are assembled.
2c shows two pairs of plates according to FIG. 2b joined together.
Figure 3a shows two plates A and B of a pair of heat exchanger plates according to the invention in another embodiment of the "with two pairs of joining panels" variant.
Figure 3b shows the pair of plates of Figure 3a when the plates A and B are assembled.

For clarity, the drawings do not necessarily show the plates in the spatial position in which they are assembled and then in their position of use. Specifically, throughout the figures, the plates are all shown on a vertical plane. The drawings remain schematic and the set of components shown are not necessarily to scale, and they have been simplified for readability.

Throughout this specification, the terms “supply” or “inlet” and “outlet” or “removal” and “into” or “out” are used with reference to the direction in which fluid flows.

Throughout this specification, the term “side or edge” of the center panel is used in reference to the periphery of the center panel over a particular width, for example up to 5% or 10% of the width of the plate.

Throughout this specification, the term "mirror image" denotes symmetry about a plane located in the middle of the space separating an object from its image.

Throughout this specification, the "inner face" of a face means the face directed towards the other plate to which it is joined as a pair, and the "outer face" of this plate is the face directed away from the other plate of the pair in question. .

The present invention can be used, for example, in plate heat exchangers that operate on the cross-flow (known as cross-flow exchanger) principle in which the fluids flowing across the two faces of each plate are directed substantially perpendicular to each other. have. The present invention may also be used in plate heat exchangers that operate on the counter-current (known as counter-current exchangers) principle in which the fluids flowing across the two faces of each plate are directed in substantially opposite directions. The invention may also be used in plate heat exchangers that operate on a co-current principle in which the fluids flowing across the two faces of each plate are directed in substantially the same direction. The invention can also be used in plate type heat exchangers operating using other flow principles.

The direction of flow of the fluid is determined through the design of the plates and the way they are connected by joining panels. This can be modified by means of small prescribed flow channels for the fluid, in particular baffles arranged in one of the two channels. The baffle starts downstream of the fluid inlet zones between the plates and extends to the fluid outlet. For example, in the case of a co-current exchanger, the baffles make it possible to first change the flow direction of the fluid by substantially 90° downstream of the fluid inlet zone so that the fluid flows in the same direction as the fluid in the subsequent channels, then the baffles It allows a second change in the flow direction of the fluid by 90° so that the fluid flows in the direction of the outlet section of the channel.

The present invention is particularly well suited for heat exchange between two fluids, in particular two gases, but may also be used for heat exchange between two liquids or between a liquid and a gas.

The present invention relates to two gases, in particular gas flows at the inlet and outlet of a single piece of equipment such as, for example, air to be delivered to a furnace and flue gases from that same furnace, or, similarly, from a NOx abatement system. It is more particularly suitable for exchange between a hot stream and a cold stream destined for the same NOx abatement system.

The plate heat exchanger according to the present invention can be used for fluids operating at pressures ranging from 1.5 MPa or less, preferably from 0.01 to 1.0 MPa, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.6 MPa total vacuum pressure.

The plate heat exchanger according to the invention can consist of channels of uniform height or channels of different height in each circuit. Correspondingly, the height of the first joining panel and, where applicable, the height of the second and third joining panels may be similar or different.

The height of the channels (spacing between two successive plates) can be determined according to service conditions. Typically, it may be between 5 and 30 mm, particularly 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, or any suitable height.

The width of the heat exchanger plate according to the invention may typically be between 1000 mm and 2000 mm, preferably between 1300 mm and 1700 mm. The length of the heat exchanger plate according to the present invention may typically be between 1000 mm and 7500 mm, preferably between 1500 mm and 7000 mm.

The thickness of the plate may be 0.6 mm to 6 mm, preferably 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

The central panel of the heat exchanger plate according to the present invention may have any suitable shape, for example trapezoidal, hexagonal or quadrilateral. The central panel is more preferably quadrilateral, in particular rectangular or square, optionally with truncated corners.

The central panel includes a first face (or lower face) and a second face (or upper face) opposite the first face. Thus, the terms “lower” and “upper” refer by convention to a panel disposed on a horizontal plane.

The first and second faces may be flat, but may also locally have reliefs, grooves or protrusions.

Advantageously, protrusions (dimples) can be added or pressed into the central panel of the plate. The dimples may be employed on one side of the plate or on both sides of the plate in several arrangements depending on the nature of the plate and the use of the dimples. The dimples can be used as spacer elements, to minimize deformation of the plates when stacked one on top of the other. Simple or double dimples are typically distributed over the surface of the central panel of the heat exchanger plate.

Fins ("pin fins") shaped as hairpins or as pins may also be welded to the central panel of the heat exchanger plate according to the invention using resistance welding.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a first channel intended to receive a first fluid located between two heat exchanger plates of a single pair of plates according to the present invention. include The two plates are mechanically connected by the two first joining panels of the first plate.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a second channel intended to receive a second fluid located between two successive pairs of plates.

Advantageously, closing means can be used where applicable to close the lateral sides of the second canal and to seal the canal. Advantageously, the closing means can be mechanically connected to the plates by any means known to the person skilled in the art, for example by welding, in particular by seam welding or by bolting.

In the embodiment where each pair of plates comprises only one pair of joining panels, and thus on only one of the plates of the pair, the second channel advantageously has its lateral side between two successive pairs of plates. Means for closing may be provided. This closure means may be an edge bar or a dedicated cover plate (cover part) or any other equivalent means. The cover plate can be made in one or more pieces, some having the shape of a C or U or some arbitrary profile that allows the second plate of the first pair to be joined to the first plate of the second pair.

Each pair of plates comprises two pairs of bonding panels, i.e. one of the plates comprises one pair of bonding panels, i.e. the first bonding panel as described above, and the same plate or another plate comprises a bonding panel. Regarding the embodiment of the present invention comprising another pair of, namely the second or third joining panels as described above: in this case, each pair is joined to the other by the second or third pair of joining panels. . Furthermore, closing means disposed longitudinally in the flow direction of the second fluid (fluid circulating between the two assembled pairs of plates) at the inlet and outlet of the second channel can advantageously be provided. This closure means may be a polygonal cover plate having a suitable shape.

Additionally, the first and second channels intended to contain the fluid(s) may be completely empty (“free” channels) or may include mechanical reinforcement means such as connecting bars.

Advantageously, spacer elements (spacers) made for example from strips, profiles, dimples or pin fins can be inserted into at least one/each channel to ensure the spacing between the plates . These may be loose or spot welded in place or held in place by profiled U-shaped clamps at the feed and discharge points.

Advantageously, each joining panel comprises a part, in particular a single part, or comprises several parts extending successively from the central panel of the plate, which part or these parts are preferably all flat or substantially substantially flat. It is flat (it has a possibly rounded part in the transition/bending zones between the central panel and the part or first part, and between two successive parts when the panel contains some of them). In the latter case, the last part farthest from the central panel is flat and parallel to the planes of the central panels, maximizing the contact surface areas to form a joint between the two plates, thus fixing them together, thus ensuring their mechanical fixation. make it easier

The joining panels are preferably obtained through operations of bending the plates, but may be obtained in some other way, even attached to the central panels by means of different conventional fastening means.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, each joining panel may be mechanically secured to the central panel of the adjacent plate by any conventional technique, typically by welding.

Advantageously, each second portion of the joining panel may be large enough to mechanically secure the second portion to the central panel of the adjacent plate by conventional means known to those skilled in the art.

According to a first variant, the second joining panels are at an angle β of 10 ° to 90 °, preferably 20 ° to 60 °, and more preferably 30 ° to 50 ° relative to the plane of the central panel, or at an angle β of 60° to 120°, preferably 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100°.

Preferably, the second part of each joining panel, when it comprises two parts, can extend from the first part of the joining panel parallel to the plane of the central panel, said second part of the channel ( oriented towards the inside of the space between the two plates of the pair (which will act as a flow channel for the fluid) or the outside on the other side of this space.

Each of the joining panels can be formed in a single step, preferably by deformation/bending. Deformation can be obtained by press forming and/or bending. To form a series of laterally joined panels (one or two pairs of panels) on a single plate, a series of steps to deform a flat metal sheet may be required.

In one embodiment of the invention, the different zones of the central panel of the heat exchanger plates are provided with an insulating layer having a part made of metal plate parallel to the central panel, with an air between the metal plate part and the central panel. It can be. The insulating layer allows the wall temperature of the heat exchanger plate to be modified locally and is typically used in the coldest zone of the cold channel. An example is described in patent application CZ298773.

According to another embodiment of a pair of two heat exchanger plates according to the present invention, an end piece or "ferrule" can be mounted across the top of the edges of two adjacent plates that are welded together; , can act as a shield protecting the joint. Ferrules are typically made from sheet pieces that are bent in such a way that they can cover welded joints. A ferrule may be welded to each of the two plates.

The heat exchanger plate according to the invention can be formed in a single piece, by single-step deformation of a flat metal sheet made of a conventionally weldable material, for example a plate made of steel, for example stainless steel. have.

Note that the heat exchanger plate(s) (one/plural/all) according to the present invention can also be manufactured by assembling several independent plate parts using conventional assembly means.

Reference numerals used in the drawings are given below with reference to the components they refer to.

A - heat exchanger plate A

B - heat exchanger plate B

A ₀ - center panel of plate A

B ₀ - center panel of plate B

A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ - side of central panel

A ₀ , B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₄ - side of central panel B ₀

P ₁ - first bonding panel of A on side A ₁

P ₂ - second bonding panel of A on side A ₂

P ₃ - third bonding panel of A on side A ₃

P ₄ —fourth bonding panel of A on side A ₄

R ₃ - third bonding panel of B on side B ₃

R ₄ - fourth bonding panel of B on side B ₄

P _1A - first part of the first bonding panel P ₁

P _1B - the second part of the first joining panel P ₁

P _2A - first part of the second joining panel P ₂

P _2B - the second part of the second joining panel P ₂

P _4A - first part of the fourth bonding panel P ₄

P _4B - the second part of the fourth bonding panel P ₄

P _3A - first part of the third bonding panel R ₃

P _3B - the second part of the third bonding panel R ₃

P _4A - first part of the fourth bonding panel R ₄

P _4B - second part of the fourth bonding panel R ₄

Reference numbers are maintained from one figure to another to indicate like elements.

1a shows two heat exchanger plates A and B according to an embodiment of the variant "with a pair of joining panels", wherein the plate B is flat, ie without joining panels. This shows an exploded view of two mutually opposing plates oriented relative to each other in the manner employed when they are assembled as shown in FIG. 1B.

The central panel A ₀ is rectangular in shape and has four sides numbered A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ . A ₁ and A ₂ are two opposite sides. A ₃ and A ₄ are two other opposing sides. All parts of plate B are numbered in the same way, with B ₀ being the center panel and B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₄ being its four sides.

The central panel (A ₀ ) is provided with a (first) pair of bonding panels, namely two bonding panels, respectively P ₁ on the side (A ₁ ) and P ₂ on the opposite side (A ₂ ), which are They are mutually symmetric about the first central axis (x) of the panels A ₀ . In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1A , each joining panel P ₁ and P ₂ consists of two parts, namely a first part, P _1A and P , each forming an angle α with the central panel A ₀ . _2A and, respectively, second parts parallel to the central panel A ₀ , P _1B and P _2B . Each joining panel is connected to the center panel A ₀ by a bend line, but may be supplied as a second component and fixed/attached to the center panel. Each of the two part joining panels is preferably formed in a single pass by deformation of the plate (A). The first and second joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ are oriented at an angle of about 75° to the plane of the central panel A ₀ .

The heat exchanger plate (B) has no joining panels and is substantially flat. The two central panels (A ₀ and B ₀ ) face each other.

1 b shows a first pair of joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ of plate A to form a pair of heat exchanger plates according to an embodiment of the present invention, arranged relative to each other when assembled and mechanically connected. A schematic perspective view of the two plates A and B of FIG. 1A as shown.

The two plates of Figure 1a are overlapped so that they can be mechanically connected. The "inner face" of plate (A) faces the "inner face" of plate (B). The first joining panel (P ₁ ) of the plate (A) is welded at its second part (P _1B ) to the plate (B) on the flat edge of the side (B ₁ ) of the central panel (B ₀ ). Similarly, the second of plate (A) Joining panel P ₂ is welded at its second part P _2B to plate B on the flat edge of the opposite flat side B ₂ of central panel B ₀ .

The space formed between the plates A and B thus constitutes the first channel of the heat exchanger composed of pairs of plates according to the invention, in which the first fluid F ₁ can flow. The first channel has a flow cross section that is trapezoidal, said cross section being equal along the entire length of the channel in this case.

2a and 2b show a variant "with two pairs of coupling panels" in which the exchanger plate (A) is provided with two pairs of coupling panels inclined in opposite directions and the exchanger plate (B) has no coupling panels; According to a first embodiment of the example, there is shown a perspective view of two plates A and B each individually and then assembled.

In FIG. 2a the central panel A ₀ of plate A is provided with two pairs of joining panels:

- side faces (A ₁ , on the one hand, mutually symmetrical about the central axis (x) of the central panel (A 0 ) and oriented towards the inner face of the plate (A) (similar to the combined panel of FIGS. 1 a , ₁ b) ) on the first bonding panel (P ₁ ) and on the opposite side (A ₂ ) the first bonding panel (P ₂ );

- on the other hand, a second joining panel (P ₃ ) on the side (A ₃ ) and opposite side (A ₄ ) on the second bonding panel (P ₄ ).

The intermediate axes (x and y) are perpendicular to each other.

The first joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ are composed of two parts: a first part, respectively forming an angle α with the central panel A ₀ , P _1A and P _2A , and each parallel to the central panel. and a second part, P _1B and P _2B , extending toward the outside of the panel.

Similarly the second joining panels P ₃ and P ₄ are divided into two parts: a first part, P _3A and P _4A , each forming an angle β with the central panel, and each parallel to the central panel but the panel It is composed of a second part extending toward the inside of P _3B and P _4B . The first joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ are oriented towards the inner face of the plate B at an angle of about 75° to the plane of the central panel A ₀ . The second joining panels P ₃ and P ₄ are oriented towards the outer face of the plate A at an angle β of about 90° to the plane of the central panel A ₀ . The joining panels are preferably formed in a single pass by deformation. Deformation can be obtained by press forming and/or bending after the corners are cut.

The heat exchanger plate (B) has no joining panels and is substantially flat. The two central panels (A ₀ and B ₀ ) face each other.

FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the two plates A and B of FIG. 2a when assembled and mechanically connected at the first joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ of plate A to form a pair of heat exchanger plates. It shows a perspective view of

The two plates are overlapped so that they can be mechanically connected. The "inner face" of plate (A) faces the "inner face" of plate (B). Joining panel (P ₁ ) of plate (A) is welded to plate (B) at its second part (P _1B ) on flat side (B ₁ ) of central panel (B ₀ ). Similarly, the bonding panel (P ₂ ) of the plate (A) is at its second part (P _2B ) relative to the plate (B) on the flat edge of the opposite flat side (B ₂ ) of the central panel (B ₀ ). are welded

The channel formed between the plates A and B constitutes the first channel of the heat exchanger composed of pairs of plates according to the invention, in which the first fluid F ₁ can flow. The first channel has a flow cross section that is trapezoidal, said cross section being equal along the entire length of the channel.

As shown in FIG. 2C , the second coupling panels P ₃ and P ₄ of the plate A form a channel through which the second fluid F ₂ can flow between the third plate and the plate A. It makes it possible to combine plate (A) with a third exchanger plate, preferably identical to plate (B), to be positioned next to the outer face of plate (A), in order to create a defining second space. The second channel, in this embodiment, has a rectangular flow cross section. Fig. 2c shows a plate having on its surface a spacer intended to ensure a constant spacing between the two central panels, in the form of a profile in this case by means of the above-mentioned "dimples" and dotted lines. These elements are optionally retained, but It may prove useful, especially for large dimension plates.

Figure 3a shows a variant "with two pairs of joining panels", in which the exchanger plate (A) is provided with a (first) pair of coupling panels, and the exchanger plate (B) is also provided with a (third) pair of coupling panels. Another embodiment shows two plates A and B of a pair of heat exchanger plates according to the invention. Figure 3b shows a pair of plates when the plates A and B are assembled.

The central panel (A ₀ ) of the plate (A) is provided with a first pair of joining panels: P ₁ on the side (A ₁ ) and P ₂ on the opposite side (A ₂ ), as shown in FIG. 1A- As in FIG. 1B , they are mutually symmetric about the central axis x of the central panel A ₀ and oriented towards the inner face of the plate A.

The central panel (B ₀ ) of the plate (B) is provided with a third pair of bonding panels, namely the bonding panel (R ₃ ) on the side (B ₃ ) and the bonding panel (R _{4 ) on the opposite side (B 4 )} . , they are mutually symmetric about the central axis (y′) of the central panel (B ₀ ) and are oriented towards the outer face of the plate (B). As in Fig. 2a above, the central axes (x and y') are perpendicular to each other, but in this case they are realized not in one identical plate but in two different mutually parallel plates. In the embodiment the first joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ are composed of two parts, namely the first part, P _1A and P _2A respectively forming an angle α with the central panel, and each central panel plate A ₀ ) and a second part, P _1B and P _2B extending towards the outer face of the panel.

Similarly, the third joining panels R ₃ and R ₄ are each composed of two parts, namely the first part, R _3A and R _4A respectively forming an angle θ with the central panel B ₀ , which are the central panel ( B ₀ ) but oriented towards the inner face of panel (B), R _3B and R _4B . The first joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ are oriented downward at an angle of about 90° to the plane of the central panel A ₀ . The third joining panels R ₃ and R ₄ are oriented at an angle θ of about 90° with respect to the plane of the central panel B ₀ . The joining panels are preferably formed in a single pass by deformation. Deformation can be obtained by press forming and/or bending after the corners are cut.

FIG. 3B shows that the two plates A and B of FIG. 3A are assembled and mechanically connected at first and second joining panels P ₁ and P ₂ of plate A to form a pair of heat exchanger plates. Illustrates a schematic perspective view of the way it is. The two plates were combined _and welded through joining panels P 1 and P ₂ on the sides B ₁ and B ₂ of plate B in a manner similar to FIG. 2B . A channel formed between the plates A and B constitutes a first channel of the heat exchanger, in which the first fluid F ₁ can flow. The first channel has a rectangular flow cross section.

The third joining panels (R ₃ and R ₄ ) of the plate (B), in this case, between the fourth plate (not shown) and the plate (B) allow the second fluid (F ₂ ) to flow in particular in a crosswise manner. To create the second channel, it makes it possible to combine the plate (B) with a fourth exchanger plate, preferably identical to plate (A), to be positioned next to the outer face of the plate (B). The height of the pairs of coupling panels is selected according to the desired fluid flow rate.

FIG. 3B illustrates the flow of fluids F ₁ and F ₂ , once through the inlet zone, and the mutually perpendicular flow operation obtained with the help of an internal baffle (not shown) which thus changes the direction of fluid F ₂ . show

Thus, the exchanger is composed of two types of respective plates, with a joint between the two pairs, which is made either by joining panels integrated into the plate according to the present invention or by additionally added components as shown above. , eg with n alternations of type (ABBA) without excluding n stacks of type (ABAB).

Claims (16)

a first heat exchanger plate (A) and a second heat exchanger plate (B) disposed towards each other and spaced apart from each other to define an inner volume capable of forming a channel for the flow of a first fluid (F ₁ ); , as a pair of heat exchanger (AB) plates (A, B), each comprising central panels (A 0 , B _{0 )} ,
the central panels are quadrilaterals or quadrilaterals, optionally with truncated, truncated or rounded edges, are flat and parallel to each other;
The two opposite sides of the central panel (A ₀ ) of the first heat exchanger plate (A) are inclined with respect to the central panel (A ₀ ) in the direction of the second heat exchanger plate (B) and the second row heat exchanger plate, characterized in that it forms first joining panels (P ₁ , P ₂ ) which come into contact with the two correspondingly flat opposite sides of the central panel (B ₀ ) of the exchanger plate (B). A pair of (A, B). According to claim 1,
A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that the first joining panels (P ₁ , P ₂ ) are mutually symmetric about the first intermediate axis (x) of the central panel (A ₀ ). According to claim 1 or 2,
At least one, and in particular all of the first joining panels (P ₁ , P ₂ ) of the central panel (A ₀ ) of the first heat exchanger plate (A) has a first part (P _1A ) extending from the central panel. P _2A ) and a second portion (P _1B ; P _2B ) extending from the first portion. Pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that the first part forms an angle (α) with the central panel (A ₀ ) and the second part is parallel to the central panel (A ₀ ) . According to claim 3,
characterized in that the angle (α) between the first part of the first joining panel (P _1A ; P _2A ) and the central panel (A ₀ ) is at least 45°, in particular between 80 and 110°. A pair of (A, B). According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The two other opposite sides of the central panel (A ₀ ) of the first heat exchanger plate (A) are inclined with respect to the central panel (A ₀ ) in a direction away from the first joining panels and in particular of the third plate. A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that they form the second joining panels (P ₃ , P ₄ ) so as to come into contact with the corresponding opposite edges of the central panel. According to claim 5,
One and in particular all of the second joining panels (P ₃ ; P ₄ ) of the central panel of the first heat exchanger plate (A) extend from the central panel (A ₀ ) in a first part (P _3A ; P _4A ) and a second portion (P _3B ; P _4B ) extending from the first portion, the first portion forming an angle β with the central panel (A ₀ ) and the second portion comprising: A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that they are parallel to the central panel (A ₀ ). According to claim 6,
characterized in that the angle (β) between the first part of the second joining panels (P _3A ; P _4A ) and the central panel (A ₀ ) is at least 45°, in particular between 80 and 110°. A pair of plates (A, B). According to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The two other opposite sides of the central panel B ₀ of the second plate B are inclined with respect to the central panel B ₀ in the same direction as the first joining panels P ₁ , P ₂ . A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that they form third joining panels (R ₃ ; R ₄ ) so as to come into contact with corresponding opposite edges of the central panel of the fourth plate in particular. According to claim 8,
One and in particular all of the third joining panels (R ₃ ; R ₄ ) of the central panel (B ₀ ) of the second plate (B) have a first part (R ) extending from the central panel (B ₀ ). _3A ; R _4A ) and a second portion (R _3B ; R _4B ) extending from the first portion, wherein the first portion forms an angle (θ) with the central panel (B ₀ ) and the second portion (R 3B; R 4B). A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that the part is parallel to the central panel (B ₀ ). According to claim 6 or 9,
The second combining panels (P ₃ ; P ₄ ) and/or the third combining panels (R ₃ ; R ₄ ), in particular in terms of width and/or inclination with respect to their respective central panels, the first 1 Pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that they differ from the combined panels (P ₁ ; P ₂ ). According to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Characterized in that the plates are joined together by welding between the flat edge of one of the plates (B) and the flat part of the joining panel (P ₁ , P ₂ ) of the other plate (A), A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B). According to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A pair of heat exchanger plates (A, B), characterized in that the two plates are geometrically different from each other. Heat exchanger plates (A , B) as a stack of pairs of
- the first pair and the second pair are arranged parallel to each other and facing each other, the space between the plates of each pair forming a channel for receiving a first flow (F ₁ ) of fluid;
- the space between said first pair and said second pair of heat exchanger plates forms a channel for receiving a second flow of fluid (F ₂ ), said second pair preferably identical to said first pair stack of pairs of heat exchanger plates, or a mirror image of said first pair. According to claim 13,
Characterized in that the two successive spaced-apart pairs are connected laterally by means of a closure, which preferably comprises an edge bar, a C-profile or a U-profile cover plate, or a suitable flat cover plate. stack of pairs of heat exchanger plates. Plate heat exchanger comprising pairs of heat exchanger plates (A, B) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or stacks of pairs of heat exchanger plates according to claim 13 or 14,
The plate heat exchanger, wherein the pairs or stacks of pairs are disposed in a frame. A method for manufacturing a stack of at least two pairs of heat exchanger plates (A, B) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:
The method,
- manufacturing at least four plates each having four lateral central panels (A ₀ , B ₀ ),
- on the one hand, for at least two of said central panels (A ₀ ), bending first and second opposite sides to form first joining panels (P ₁ ; P ₂ ), said first The first and second joining panels each comprise a first portion inclined with respect to the central panel, the first joining panels preferably being symmetrical to each other about the central axis (x) of the central panel (A ₀ ). bending the second opposite side;
- on the other hand, optionally, a third side of the at least two central panels in a direction away from the first combining panels and the second combining panels to form second combining panels (P ₃ ; P ₄ ) and Bending the fourth side, wherein the second joining panels comprise a first portion inclined with respect to the central panel, the first joining panels preferably mutually relative to the central axis (y) of the central panel. bending the third and fourth sides, which are symmetrical; or bending the first side and the second side of at least two of the other central panels to form third combined panels (R ₃ ; R ₄ ), wherein the third combined panels are attached to these two central panels. said at least two first portions comprising a first portion inclined with respect to said at least two first portions, said second pair or third pair of joining panels preferably being symmetrical to each other about a second intermediate axis (y, y′) of said central panel in question; bending the first side and the second side;
- placing the heat exchanger plates in two stacks, i.e. a first stack of mutually identical plates, and preferably a second stack of mutually identical plates different from the plates of the first stack;
- forming at least two pairs of plates, each pair fixing the first joining panels of one of the plates to the corresponding flattened edges of the other plate, so that the plate from the first stack and the first Assembled with another plate from the two stacks, the space between the two plates of each pair forms a first fluid channel;
- joining together at least two pairs of plates thus formed, wherein the space between the pairs of heat exchanger plates is such that the space between the second joining panels (P ₃ ; P ₄ ) or the third joining panels (R _{3 )} of the pair of plates is R ₄ ) to the flat edges of an adjacent pair of plates or laterally via closing means, thereby forming a second fluid channel.
A method for manufacturing a stack of at least two pairs, comprising:

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