KR20180077511A - Fabric Type Secondary Battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fabric type secondary battery, which comprises: a warp of a general fiber; a first weft comprising one or a plurality of anode lines; and a second weft comprising one or a plurality of cathode lines, wherein the first weft and the second weft are composed of at least one or more yarns and have the arrangement of being woven by being interwoven with each other. The present invention provides the secondary battery, which has a high energy density, has excellent charge/discharge efficiency, charge/discharge speed and cycle characteristics, and further, can be manufactured as a fabric type.

Description

[0001] Fabric Type Secondary Battery [

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fabric type secondary cell, and more particularly, to a fabric type secondary cell fabricated by a weaving method using a cathode line and a cathode line.

It is being actively researched according to the development of alternative energy due to conservation and depletion of resources. As a typical battery, a lithium primary battery is easier to reduce in size and weight because it has a higher voltage and a higher energy density than a conventional aqueous solution battery. Such a lithium primary cell is used for various purposes such as a main power source for a portable electronic device and a backup power source.

In contrast, the secondary battery is formed of an electrode material having excellent reversibility and is chargeable and dischargeable. The secondary battery is divided into a cylindrical shape and a rectangular shape, and is classified into a nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) battery, a lithium battery, and a lithium ion battery depending on the anode and cathode materials. Such secondary batteries are being applied to a wide range of applications ranging from small batteries such as mobile phones, notebook-type PCs, and mobile displays to batteries for electric vehicles and medium- to large-sized batteries used for hybrid vehicles. Accordingly, the battery requires light weight, high energy density, excellent charge / discharge speed, charge / discharge efficiency and cycle characteristics, as well as high stability and economy.

In particular, smart phones revolutionized our daily lives. Beyond the phone, a smartphone simply provides a variety of new features (for example, access to a variety of information, communication with others via a new social media concept, photo / video recording, music listening, video viewing, etc.) Affecting every detail of life and enabling a new pattern of human life. This new paradigm of life has led to the development of other future electronic devices. Future electronic devices include so-called wearing electronic devices that can be integrated into clothes, glasses, wrist machines and skin while satisfying various functions of a smart phone, thereby alleviating the need for separate transportation. Thus, wearing electronic devices certainly represent another paradigm shift in human life.

With these motivations, a variety of electronic devices have emerged that have the ability to flex, bend, and unfold using new concepts, and have become a big stepping stone in bringing electronic devices to reality. Nonetheless, secondary batteries, an essential component in operating wearable electronic devices, have not been able to keep pace with such developments and remain a bottleneck in the overall technology.

Therefore, there is a need to improve the components so that they can be operated during unusual mechanical movements by finding a new match between all essential battery components (electrode, separator, electrolytic solution).

Korean Patent Registration No. 1072292 discloses an electrode assembly including fibrous structures and a battery including the same. The structure includes an electrode assembly, which is the smallest unit that can be operated by a secondary battery including both an anode and a cathode, Its own manufacturing process may be complicated.

Also, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2016-0051203 may be difficult to use as a cable type secondary battery in which the electrode assembly is composed of an internal electrode and external electrodes surrounding it, in a form that can be woven with a fiber structure.

Therefore, there is a need for research and development of a fabric type secondary battery by using a weaving technique in the form of a fiber having a cathode body and an anode body.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] The present invention provides a secondary battery which not only has a high energy density, but also has excellent charge / discharge efficiency, charge / discharge speed and cycle characteristics, and can be fabricated into a fabric type.

The present invention also provides various fabric type secondary batteries which are easily expandable according to a weaving method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, A first weft formed of one or a plurality of positive lines; And a second weft formed of one or a plurality of cathode rays, wherein the first weft yarn and the second weft yarn are composed of at least one or more weft yarns, and the first weft yarns and the second weft yarns are interwoven with each other A fabric type secondary battery is provided.

The present invention is characterized in that all or part of the adjacent weft yarns in the weft yarn of at least any one of the first weft yarn constituted by one anode wire and the cathode yarn constituted by the one cathode yarn are connected in series, Thereby providing a secondary battery.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that all or a part of two or more polarity lines in the same weft yarn are connected in series in at least any one of the first weft yarn constituted by the plurality of anode lines and the second weft yarn constituted by the plurality of cathode lines Type secondary battery is provided.

Further, in the present invention, each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode may have a circular cross section, an elliptical cross section, or a polygonal cross section, And an active material layer surrounding the collector core, wherein a separation membrane is added to at least one surface of the active material layer of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.

The present invention also provides a fabric type secondary battery characterized in that the separation membrane can be added by a coating method.

Also, the present invention provides a fabric type secondary battery, wherein the current collector core of the positive electrode includes Al or an Al alloy, and the current collector core of the negative electrode includes Cu or a Cu alloy.

The present invention also provides a fabric type secondary battery characterized in that the active material layer includes an active material layer for a secondary battery.

The present invention also provides a fabric type secondary battery characterized in that the active material layer has a thickness of 1 to 300 탆.

The present invention also provides a fabric-type secondary battery characterized in that an electrolyte is impregnated on the slope of the above-mentioned general fibers.

The present invention also provides a fabric type secondary battery characterized in that an electrolyte coating layer is added to the surface of at least one active material layer of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.

The present invention also provides a fabric type secondary battery characterized in that the electrolyte coating layer comprises a solid electrolyte layer.

The present invention can be applied to various fields in which a fabric can be used because the anode, cathode, and separator can be composed of a single sheet of fabric type.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that it can provide stable power even when there are some disconnection due to a secondary battery using a plurality of positive and negative electrodes.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the capacity expansion is easy according to the length and the number of cathode and cathode lines.

The present invention is also applicable to various fields according to a weaving method using a secondary type of fabric type.

Figs. 1A, 1B, and 1C are schematic conceptual diagrams of a configuration of a fabric type secondary battery, which is an example of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C are schematic conceptual diagrams of a configuration of a fabric type secondary battery which is still another example of the present invention.
3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of positive and negative electrodes as constituent fibers of a fabric type secondary battery of the present invention.
4 is a photograph of a fabric type secondary battery of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted so as to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

As used herein, the terms " about, " " substantially, " " etc. ", when used to refer to a manufacturing or material tolerance inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure.

The present invention relates to slopes (10) of plain fibers; A first weft (40) composed of one or more positive lines (20); And a second weft yarn (50) composed of one or a plurality of cathode ray (30), wherein the first weft yarn (40) and the second weft yarn (50) 40 and the second weft yarns 50 are interwoven with each other.

As used herein, the term 'crossing' means that first and second weft yarns 40 and 50 are alternately arranged in parallel horizontally with respect to a vertical warp yarn 10, The intersection points of the first and second weft yarns 40 and 50 mean the tangent boundary line of the first and second weft yarns,

FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C are schematic conceptual diagrams of a configuration of a fabric type secondary battery as an example of the present invention. The weft-type secondary battery has a structure in which a plurality of first weft yarns (40) and (50) cross each other, and one or a plurality of anodes (20) and The cathode ray (30) is characterized in that the both ends of the cathode ray (30) are arranged in opposite directions.

1A, 1B, and 1C are merely examples of the present invention, so that the number of the cathode lines 20 and the cathode lines 30 of the first and second intersecting weaves need not be the same. It is preferable that the number is the same or not so large for the charge / discharge efficiency.

2A, 2B and 2C are schematic conceptual diagrams of a configuration of a fabric type secondary battery which is another example of the present invention. The feature has a symmetrical direction in which the ends of all the cathode lines 20 have the same direction and the ends of all the other cathode lines 30 are in the opposite direction.

More specifically, at least one of the first weft yarns 40 constituted by the one positive electrode 20 and the second weft yarns 50 constituted by the one negative electrode line 30 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other, All or some of them are connected in series.

Figure 2a shows a series connection of only two adjacent weft yarns in a first weft yarn 40 constituted by one positive electrode 20 and a second weft yarn 50 constituted by said one negative electrode line 30. [ As can be seen from the drawing, since the same polarity lines of adjacent weft yarns are connected to each other, the ends of the connected polarity lines have the same direction. Therefore, the overall fabric-type secondary battery is characterized in that the cathodes 30 and the ends of the cathode lines 20 are positioned in opposite directions, and thus, it is easy to use parallel connection of the poles of the ends when used as a secondary electrode.

As another example, in at least one of the wefts of the first weft yarn 40 constituted by the plurality of cathode lines 20 and the second weft yarn 50 constituted by the plurality of cathode lines 30, Or some of them may be connected in series.

2B shows a state in which the first weft yarn 40 and the second weft yarn 50 are composed of two positive and negative lines 20 and 30 respectively and the two positive and negative lines 20 and 30 are in the same weft The end shows a serial connection. The difference from FIG. 2A is that the first and second weft yarns intersecting with each other are composed of two rather than one.

2C shows a case in which the first weft yarn 40 and the second weft yarn 50 are constituted by four anode lines 20 and cathode lines 30 respectively and the four anode lines and cathode lines are connected in series in the same weft .

As a result, the cathode of the fabric-type secondary battery and the ends of the anode line can be maintained in opposite directions to each other only in a serial structure composed of even number of plural polarities in the same weft, so that when the secondary electrode is used, It is effective to connect and use.

However, the above examples illustrate only a limited number of examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Therefore, when the end of the same polarity line is located in the same direction and the end of another polarity line is not required to be located in the opposite direction, unlike FIGS. 2B and 2C, even if the number of the polarity lines constituting the same weft is odd, It is possible to perform not only a part of a plurality of poles in the same weft yarn but also a case in which the remaining parts are not connected.

1A, 1B and 1C and FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are conceptual diagrams for explaining, in reality, all of the anode lines 20, the cathode lines 30 and the warp yarns 10, Without adjacent structures.

The warp yarns 10 are made of synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyethylene, and polyacrylic which are ordinary fibers or natural fibers such as cotton and wool, or synthetic fibers such as cotton, Mixed fibers of natural fibers are also possible and have no limitations.

There is no limitation on the weaving method of the weft by the warp yarns 10 when the first and second weft yarns 40 and 50 are fabricated by using the warp yarns 10 as the ordinary fibers, The contact area between the positive electrode line 20 and the negative electrode line 30 is maximized at the intersection of the first weft 40 and the second weft 50 so that the lithium ion can be easily moved during charging and discharging.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the weft yarns 10 may be woven by passing the warp yarns 10 between adjacent cathode and anode lines 20 and 30, It is appropriate to combine the adjacent positive and negative electrodes together so as to weave them together. That is, it is preferable to use a weaving method in which the cathode ray (30) and the anode ray (20) can be kept in contact with each other at a point of intersection without any space separated by the inclination (10).

3A and 3B illustrate cross-sectional views of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 at crossing points where they are in contact with each other as constituent fibers of the fabric type secondary battery of the present invention. The positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 May be either circular, elliptical or polygonal in cross section.

The positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 may be composed of the active material layers 22 and 32 surrounding the current collector cores 21 and 31 and the current collector cores 21 and 31. Although the current collector cores 21 and 31 have a circular cross section, they are illustrative and may have an elliptical cross section or a rectangular cross section, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In order to provide a surface easily bonded to the active material layers 22 and 32, the current collector cores 21 and 31 have a predetermined surface roughness, or a conductive adhesive layer for bonding is formed It is possible.

The current collecting cores 21 and 31 may be metal wires having ductility. Here, the positive electrode 20 may be made of a metallic material such as stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, or any one of these alloys, as the current collector core 21. Preferably, the positive-electrode current collector core 21 is made of aluminum or an alloy thereof. The cathode 30 may be made of a metal-based material such as copper, stainless steel, nickel, copper, or an alloy of any one thereof as the collector core 31. Preferably, the negative-electrode current collector core 31 is an alloy of copper or copper

The active material layers 22 and 32 surrounding the current collecting cores 21 and 31 may include a material layer suitable for a primary cell or a secondary cell. For example, in the case of a primary battery, the anode active material layer 22 may include manganese oxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), nickel oxide, lead oxide, lead dioxide, silver oxide, iron sulfide or conductive polymer particles. The anode active material layer 32 may include zinc, aluminum, iron, lead, or magnesium particles.

In the case of the secondary battery, the active material layer 22 of the positive electrode 20 is composed of at least one of Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, La, And a Li compound including at least one non-metallic element selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof.

The anode active material layer 32 of the secondary battery may include a carbon-based material such as low-crystalline carbon or highly-crystalline carbon capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions. The low crystalline carbon may be a soft carbon or a hard carbon.

The highly crystalline carbon may be selected from natural graphite, Kish graphite, pyrolytic carbon, mesophase pitch based carbon fiber, mesocarbon microbeads, mesophase pitches, Or high temperature sintered carbon such as petroleum or coal tar pitchderived cokes.

The anode active material layer 32 may comprise a binder and the binder may be selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile), and polymethylmethacrylate may be used.

In another embodiment, in order to provide a secondary battery with a high capacity, the negative electrode active material layer 32 may contain metal or intermetallic compounds including S, Si or Sn.

The active material layers 22 and 32 can be applied on the collector core in the form of a slurry containing the active material, binder and conductive material. The slurry may be appropriately selected from the range of 80 to 98 wt% of the active material, 1 to 10 wt% of the binder, and 1 to 10 wt% of the conductive material so that the total amount of the slurry is 100 wt%.

The thickness of each of the active material layers 22 and 32 of the polarity can be appropriately selected within a range that mitigates the progress of the internal short circuit and sufficiently obtains a thinning. For example, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer 22 may be 1 mu m to 300 mu m, and preferably 30 mu m to 100 mu m. The thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 32 may be 3 탆 to 100 탆, preferably 3 탆 to 40 탆, and more preferably 5 탆 to 20 탆.

By selecting the thicknesses of the active material layers 22 and 32 within the above range, it is possible to attain a high level of thickness while achieving high output of the battery.

The electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 may be formed on at least one active material layer 22 or 32 of the cathode line 20 or the cathode line 30. 3A illustrates the case where the electrolyte coating layer 23 is selectively formed on the cathode line 20 but the electrolyte coating layer 23 and 33 are formed only on the cathode line 30 or on both the cathode line 20 and the cathode line 30 as shown in FIG. Or the electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 may be formed on both the positive and negative electrodes.

The formation of the electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 on either polarity can reduce the volume as compared with forming the electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 on both the positive and negative electrodes 30 and thus the energy density of the battery . Also, when different polarities approach each other, a crack may be generated in the electrolyte coating layer 23 (33) due to a change in the volume of structures formed during charging and discharging. Such a crack may cause a reduction in the life of the electrode structure.

Therefore, it is preferable to form the electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 on only one of the polarities as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and more preferably, it can be selectively formed only on the polar structure having a small change in volume during charging and discharging. For example, in the case of a secondary battery, the electrolyte coating layer 33 may be selectively formed only on the cathode 30 having a relatively small volume change during charging and discharging.

The electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 may be solid electrolyte layers. The solid electrolyte layer may be formed of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polysulfone, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutadiene, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, Polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene , Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymers of polymethylacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyethylacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, Any one or a combination thereof Polymer matrices, additives, and electrolytes.

The additive may be silica, talc, alumina (Al2O3), TiO2, clay, zeolite or a combination thereof. The electrolytic solution may be an aqueous electrolytic solution containing a salt such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), potassium bromide (KBr), potassium chloride (KCL), zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The electrolyte coating layers 23 and 33 can be formed by a continuous impregnation process of the above-described materials using the same solvent as that used in forming the underlying active material layers 22 and 32 of the base.

In addition to using the electrolyte coating layer, the composition of the electrolyte coating layer may be impregnated into the weft yarn 10 made of ordinary fibers in a solution state and then used as a solidification method. The electrolyte plays a role in facilitating the movement of lithium ions generated in the positive electrode active material to the negative electrode active material during charging. The electrolytic solution may be distributed at the intersections of the first and second weft yarns 40 and 50 constituted by one or more positive and negative electrode lines 20 and 30. Therefore, It is possible to perform the same function as the electrolyte coating layer at the portion where the warp yarns 10 are woven at the intersection points of the first and second weft yarns 40 and 50. [

A separation membrane 60 is added between adjacent cathode electrode 20 and cathode electrode 30 to ensure electrical insulation therebetween. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the separator 60 may be a layer 30 coated on the cathode line 30. FIG. However, this is exemplary, and the separator 60 may be formed on the anode line 20 only, or on both the cathode line 20 and the cathode line 30.

The separation membrane 60 may be, for example, a microporous membrane, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, an intrinsic solid polymer electrolyte membrane, or a gel solid polymer electrolyte membrane. The intrinsic solid polymer electrolyte membrane may include a straight-chain polymer material or a crosslinked polymer material. The gel polyelectrolyte membrane may be a combination of any one of a plasticizer-containing polymer containing a salt, a filler-containing polymer, or a net polymer.

4 is a photograph of a fabric type secondary battery of the present invention. It can be seen that the weft yarn is woven using a cathode ray and an anode ray by using a general fiber as a warp.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. It will be clear to those who have knowledge of.

10: slope 20: positive electrode
30: cathode line 40: first weft
50: second weft 21,31: collector core
22, 32: active material layer 23, 33: electrolyte coating layer
60: membrane

Claims (11)

Inclination of ordinary fibers; A first weft formed of one or a plurality of positive lines; And a second weft formed of one or a plurality of cathode lines,
Wherein the first weft yarn and the second weft yarn are composed of at least one weft yarn, and the first weft yarn and the second weft yarn have an arrangement in which they are interwoven with each other.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein all or part of the adjacent weft yarns of the adjacent weft yarns in the weft yarn of the first weft yarn constituted by the one anode wire and the cathode yarn constituted by the one cathode yarn are connected in series.
The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that all or a part of two or more polar lines in the same weft yarn are connected in series in at least any one of a first weft formed of the plurality of anode lines and a second weft formed of the plurality of cathode lines Secondary battery.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode has a circular cross section, an elliptical cross section or a polygonal cross section, Wherein the separator is formed of an active material layer surrounding the current collector core, and a separator is added to at least one surface of the active material layer of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the separation membrane can be added by a coating method.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the current collector core of the positive electrode includes Al or an Al alloy, and the current collector core of the negative electrode includes Cu or a Cu alloy.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the active material layer comprises an active material layer for a secondary battery.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the active material layer has a thickness of 1 占 퐉 to 300 占 퐉.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the warp of the ordinary fiber is impregnated with an electrolytic solution.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein an electrolyte coating layer can be added to the surface of at least one active material layer of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the electrolyte coating layer comprises a solid electrolyte layer.

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