KR20150004906A - 항-코넥신 화합물 및 그의 용도 - Google Patents
항-코넥신 화합물 및 그의 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20150004906A KR20150004906A KR1020147033485A KR20147033485A KR20150004906A KR 20150004906 A KR20150004906 A KR 20150004906A KR 1020147033485 A KR1020147033485 A KR 1020147033485A KR 20147033485 A KR20147033485 A KR 20147033485A KR 20150004906 A KR20150004906 A KR 20150004906A
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 기관형적 배양물 중 24 시간 후에 대조군 척수의 수지 섹션의 코마시 블루 염색(coomassie Blue staining)을 나타낸다. 뉴런은 액포가 있고 막을 따라 "수포형성(blebbing)" 사건이 발생하는 부종성이며, 이 막에서는 헤미채널이 개방되어 세포외 유체를 세포내 (화살표 방향)로 들어가는 것을 허용한다.
도 3은 세포외 루프 (Gap7M 항체는 도 3A에서 녹색을 나타냄) 및 단백질의 세포질성 카르복실 테일(tail) (도 3A에서 적색으로 나타냄)에 결합하는 항체를 사용하여 코넥신 43을 면역조직학적으로 표지화하는 것을 나타낸다. 세포질성 항체는 모든 코넥신 43 단백질 (적색)을 표지하고, Gap7M은 단지 헤미채널의 노출된 세포외 루프 (녹색)만을 표지하는데, 이는 세포 사이에서 손상되지 않은(intact) 채널을 형성하고 있는 도킹된 코넥손으로의 결합으로부터 입체적으로 가려져 있기 때문이다. 도 3B는 압착 상처 후 24 시간에 척수에서 2개의 항체로 이중 표지화된 것을 나타낸다. 대부분의 표지는 황색으로 나타나며, 이때의 2종의 항체는 존재하는 단백질의 유의한 부분이 이웃 세포 코넥손과 함께 도킹되지 않고 헤미채널로서 잔류하는 것으로 나타나도록 공동 국부화된 것이다. 코넥신 43 특이적 안티센스 ODN는 단백질 번역을 저해하고, 처리된 척수에서는 헤미채널이 거의 보이지 않는다 (도 3C).
도 4는 5일 동안 기관형적 배양물에 있던 척수로부터 조직 슬라이스의 아이솔렉틴(Isolectin) B4 표지화를 나타낸다. 렉틴은 소교세포 및 혈관 내피 세포 둘다에 결합한다. 이러한 코넥신 43 특이적 안티센스 ODN 처리된 분절에 있는 모세 혈관은 5일 후에도 완전한 형태로 남아 있다 (화살표). 대조군 척수에서, 모세관은 2일 후에 완전히 손상되지 않은 채로 거의 남아 있지 않고; 5일까지 대조군에서 우세하게 표지화된 것은 활성화된 대식세포 표현형 신경아교세포이다.
도 5는 척수 조직 5 mm 문측에서 압착 상처까지의 섹션을 나타낸다. 척수를 압착한 후 4 시간에, FITC 태깅된 BSA를 동물 꼬리 정맥에 주사한 다음, 조직을 수거하고 섹션화하였다. 대조군 척수에서 (도 5A), 염료는 혈관으로부터, 손상 부위로부터 5 mm까지 상당히 누출되었고, 이는 혈액 모세 혈관벽의 파열 및 혈액 뇌 장벽의 붕괴를 나타낸다. 코넥신 43 특이적 안티센스 ODN 처리된 코드에서 (도 5B), 혈관 완전성을 유지하는 것으로 나타나는 모세혈관 내에 염료가 거의 함유되어 있지 않았다.
도 6은 경색증 후 24 시간에 허혈성 경색 조직에 인접하고 경색부 내에 있는 양의 심장 심실에서 양의 심장 조직을 3중 표지화한 것을 보여준다. 조직은 코넥신 43에 대한 항체 (적색) 및 Gap7M에 대한 항체 (녹색)와 함께 혈관 내피 세포 (청색)를 나타내는 아이솔렉틴 B4로 표지화된다. Gap7M 항체는 코넥신 단백질의 보존된 세포외 루프 영역을 인식하지만 (코넥신 이소형태 특이적인 것은 아님), 헤미채널을 표시한다 (이들은 손상되지 않은 채널에서 이들의 에피토프에 접근하는 것으로부터 입체적으로 가려짐). 도 6a는 모세혈관의 아이솔렉트 B4 표지를 나타내는 경색 영역으로부터 떨어진 조직 (청색 - 상위 왼쪽) 및 근세포의 삽입된 디스크에서의 코넥신 43 갭 정션 (하위 왼쪽 - 적색)으로부터의 4개의 이미지 세트를 보여준다. 헤미채널은 사실상 GAP7M 표지되지 않는다 (상위 오른쪽 - 녹색). 하위 오른쪽 이미지는 다른 3가지를 합친 것이다. 혈관은 손상되지 않은 채로 남아있고, 근세포 자체에 손상 표시는 없다. 도 6b에서는, 경색으로부터 아직 떨어져 있지만 더 근접한 영역을 보여준다. 동일한 3개의 표지 및 합쳐진 이미지는 이 4-부분 패널에 나타낸다. 대부분의 혈관은 여전히 손상되지 않은 형태이지만, 혈관 벽은 영역에서 붕괴된다. 이러한 영역에서, 헤미채널 표지는 파열된 혈관벽과 공동 국부화된다. 4개의 이미지 (도 6c) 중 마지막 패널은 경색된 영역 자체 내에 있는 것이다. 광대한 헤미채널 발현 후에 모세혈관이 명백하게 거의 손상되지 않은 채로 남아있지 않다. 코넥신 43 표지는 분산되고 있고, 근세포가 이제 심각하게 손상된 것으로 나타난 삽입 디스크에 더이상 함유되지 않는다. 모든 경우에, Gap7M 항체 표지는 코넥신 43 표지와 함께 공동 국부화되지 않고 (이것은 척수에서와 같음), 이들은 코넥신 45와 가장 유사하게 상이한 갭 정션 단백질 이소형태인 것으로 나타난다.
도 7은 허혈 후 경색 24 시간에 근세포의 근절에서 모세관 내피 세포를 표시하는 아이솔렉틴 B4 (녹색) 및 M 라인을 표시하는 마이오신 항체 표지 (적색)의 공동 국부화를 나타낸다. 이 영역은 도 6c에 나타낸 것과 동일하다. 혈액 모세관은 완전히 붕괴되고, 정상 근세포 근절 결합 패턴은 파괴되어 근육 세포 사멸이 혈관벽 붕괴와 함께 발생하는 것으로 나타난다. 패널 중 상위의 이미지는 아이솔렉틴 B4를 나타내고, 중간 이미지는 마이오신 표지화, 하위 이미지는 이러한 두가지의 병합이다.
도 8은 전체 척수 분절 영역과 비교하여 % 팽윤을 나타내는 막대 그래프를 나타낸다. 대조군 (매질만 있음) 분절, 펩티드 VDCFLSRPTEKT (서열 35) 및 SRPTEKTIFII (서열 36)로 처리된 분절 (이는 염료 흡수 실험에서 헤미채널을 차단하는 것으로 나타남) (도 8에서 각각 펩티드 4 및 5를 나타냄), 및 펩티드 QQPGCENVCYDK (서열 39)로 처리된 분절 (이는 헤미채널을 차단하지 않았음) (도 8에서 펩티드 8로 나타냄)을 나타낸다. 펩티드 SRPTEKTIFII (서열 36, 도 8에서 펩티드 5) (조직학적 연구에 따른 우수한 차단제)는 5가지 상이한 농도로 사용되고, 이의 가장 낮은 농도가 부종을 감소시키는 데 가장 효과적이었다.
도 9는 태아 시기에 가까운 양의 뇌에서, 코넥신 단백질의 세포외 루프 영역을 인식하는 항체를 사용하는 가상 대조군 (왼쪽) 및 30분의 대뇌 허혈 후 24시간 (오른쪽)으로부터의 코넥신 헤미채널 표지를 나타낸다. 대조군 뇌에서, 코넥신 헤미채널 표지화는 관찰되지 않았지만, 허혈 후에 헤미채널이 집중적으로 상승조절된다. 헤미채널 발현은 특히 세포체 (수평 화살표) 및 혈관 내피 세포 (수직 화살표)에서 높다. 허혈 후에 상승조절된 주요 코넥신은 코넥신 43이다.
도 10은 태아 시기에 가까운 양에서 대뇌 허혈의 30분 에피소드 후 90분에 출발하는 인공 CSF i.c.v. 주입 또는 펩티드 주입의 예를 나타낸다. 이러한 동물에서의 주입은 허혈 후 72 시간까지 계속되었다. 비히클 (인공 CSF) 주입 동물 (왼쪽)은 심각하고 연속적인 발작(seizure)의 개시가 지연되는 것으로 나타나고 (간질성 상태; 그 예는 삽입 박스에 나타냄, 상위), 그후 48 시간에 최대 피질 임피던스 (하위, 세포 팽윤 측정)로 전진적으로 상승한다. 발작은 대략 48 시간에 분석되었다. 펩티도모방체 주입 (오른쪽)은 발작을 연속적인 것에서 불연속적인 분리 발작 사건의 더 늦은 개시로 변경시켰다. 대뇌 임피던스에 있어서의 상승은 유의하게 지연되고 감쇄되었다.
도 11은 2.5, 5 및 1O μM 농도의 코넥신 43 특이적 AS-ODN에서의 시신경 (도 11A) 조직 팽윤 및 대조군에서의 세포 사멸 (도 11B)에 대한 투여량-반응 커브를 나타낸다. 두가지 파라미터는 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타낸다. 1O μM에서, 조직의 팽윤은 6h 후-처리만큼 초기와 같이 감소되고 대조군과 비교했을 때 69% 만큼 감소된다. 시신경의 전면 및 중간 분절에서의 세포 사멸은 안티센스 처리로 감소된다.
도 12는 대조군 및 AS-ODN 처리된 시신경 (모든 시점에 대해 n=6)에서의 팽윤 %를 나타내다. 부종은 대조군 조직에서 더 우세하고, 그 차이는 관찰된 모든 시점에서 통계학적으로 유의하다. 별표는 2개의 군 사이의 통계적 차이를 나타낸다.
도 13: (상위 패널) 프로피듐 요오디드는 허혈 유도 후 2, 6 및 24 시간에 대조군 (A, B, C)과 AS-ODN 처리된 (D, E, F) 시신경 분절 중간에서 사멸 세포를 염색한다. 거의 염색되지 않은 것은 모든 3개의 시점에서 대조군과 비교했을 때 코넥신 43 특이적 AS-ODN 처리된 군으로 나타난다 (하위 패널). 선 그래프는 대조군과 AS-ODN 처리된 시신경에 대한 신경의 중앙 영역에서 단위 영역 당 사멸 세포의 수를 나타낸다. 대조군에서의 세포 사멸은 초기에 증가하고, 6 시간에 최고이며, 이어서 감소한다 (단위 영역 당, 보다 적은 세포가 남아 있는 조직 부종을 반영하는 것으로 여겨짐). 배양물 중 24 시간 후에도 세포 사멸에서의 매우 약간의 증가만을 AS-ODN 처리된 조직에 대해 주의한다. 별표는 처리 간의 통계적 차이를 나타낸다.
도 14는 대조군 (녹색) 및 코넥신 43 특이적 안티센스 처리된 시신경 (청색)에서 평균 혈관 분절 길이를 나타낸다. 모든 시점에서, 아마도 헤미채널의 형태에서, 또는 갭 정션 매개의 방관자 효과를 통해, 안티센스 처리된 신경은 분절이 길수록 코넥신 발현 결과로서의 혈관 붕괴가 덜한 것으로 나타난다.
본원에 참조된 모든 색상은 상응하는 흑색- 및 백색-형상에서 흑백 스케일로 나타낸다.
처리 | GFAP 표지 영역 (제곱 단위) |
대조군 | 2450 |
5 μM 펩티드 5 | 300 |
50 μM 펩티드 5 | 950 |
250 μM 펩티드 5 | 1000 |
500 μM 펩티드 5 | 750 |
Claims (3)
- 서열 62 또는 서열 63의 세포외 루프 영역의 일부인 약 5 내지 약 20개의 인접 아미노산을 포함하는 아미노산 서열을 갖는 항-코넥신 43 또는 항-코넥신 45 헤미채널 조절 펩티드를, 중추 신경계에 영향을 미치는 혈관 장애, 뇌에 영향을 미치는 혈관 장애, 또는 망막에 영향을 미치는 혈관 장애를 치료하기 위한 약제의 제조에 사용하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혈관 장애가 시신경에서의 혈관신생 녹내장 또는 부종인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혈관 장애가 시신경에서의 부종인 방법.
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KR (4) | KR20150004906A (ko) |
CN (2) | CN101573131B (ko) |
AU (2) | AU2006257283A1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2596412A1 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK1959981T3 (ko) |
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HK (1) | HK1258903A1 (ko) |
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