KR20140078594A - Dust Reducing Agent for Iron powder and Dust Scattering in a Subway Tunnel - Google Patents
Dust Reducing Agent for Iron powder and Dust Scattering in a Subway Tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- KR20140078594A KR20140078594A KR20140066615A KR20140066615A KR20140078594A KR 20140078594 A KR20140078594 A KR 20140078594A KR 20140066615 A KR20140066615 A KR 20140066615A KR 20140066615 A KR20140066615 A KR 20140066615A KR 20140078594 A KR20140078594 A KR 20140078594A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel for suppressing generation of iron (Fe) powder, dust and fine dust in a closed subway tunnel, and more particularly, 0.2 to 2.0% by weight of organic salts and inorganic salts for smooth binding with metal ions or fine dusts, 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of a naturally occurring surfactant having emulsifying and dispersing function, and a moisture absorbing agent having an evaporation- And 0.5% to 30.0% by weight of a hydrophilic polymer or a natural polysaccharide polymer having excellent water swelling property and adhesion, and the balance being an aqueous solution, (Fe) powder to be sprayed or scattered by spraying or watering by dilution, stickiness on fine dust surface, difference in polarity and density It is coated over the dust reducing agent which prevents the iron powder and the fine dust scattering.
Description
The present invention relates to a dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel for suppressing the generation of magnetic dust, iron (Fe) powder, particulate dust and fine dust (PM10 and 2.5) in a closed subway tunnel, (Fe) powder which is diluted in a dusty subway tunnel using a polymer, a moisture absorbent, a surfactant, and an inorganic substance and scattered or scattered only by spraying or spraying, a magnetic dust and a surface of a fine dust, (Fe) powder, magnetic dust, and fine dust to prevent scattering of iron (Fe) powder, magnetic dust and fine dust.
Since the installation of the screen door in the subway station since 2003, the concentrations of pollutants and fine dust in the platform and underground shopping mall have decreased, but the fine dust in the tunnel of the subway tunnel which has become the closed space has increased and the fine dust has flowed into the subway car passenger, (SBS Broadcast, Seoul Metropolitan City Policy Research Committee, Seoul Subway Air Pollution Improvement Direction Study, 2005).
There is a filter system which sucks and fixes the dust such as dust collector installed in the various underground tunnel environments to prevent iron dust, dust and fine dust, but it is expensive to use and maintain, and there is a space limit In case of the forced ventilation system, it is inconvenient to treat the pollutants going out to the outside and secondary pollution may occur.
There is a large amount of water spraying or high pressure spraying method using a water tank rail car as a general method, but it is inconvenient to spray continuously within 48 hours after water spraying. Therefore, there is a problem of efficiency of simple spraying operation.
The subway is a closed underground space where trains move along the rail track. As the trains and trains travel, pollutants and polluted air are spread throughout the subway tunnel. There is a problem that it is not practicable when considering the operation and maintenance cost of the ventilation system.
As a result of 2010 research, it was found that iron (Fe) powder was the most abundant among the fugitive dusts in the tunnel, and the wheel and rail Which is caused by friction between the two.
Since the specific gravity of iron (Fe) is 7.85, iron (Fe) powder continuously generated in a subway rail running in an enclosed space is scattered in the tunnel by the train wind, and it immediately goes around the railroad track and the ground surface Sitting is happening constantly.
Examples of such fine dust suppression in a subway tunnel include a floating magnetic two-way removal device (Korean Patent No. 101044319) constituting a magnet honeycomb which collects magnetic fine dust contained in subway air, a fine dust removing device for installing a train (Korean Patent Publication No. 1020140050871 There are many patents such as a dust removal device in a subway tunnel installed in a subway train (Korean Utility Model No. 200385710) and a method for reducing minute floating dust caused by a train wind and a device therefor (Korean Patent No. 100795418) In the case of magnetic dust having a large specific gravity such as iron powder, which occupies most of the fine dust components in the subway tunnel, there is a problem in that it is not easy to dispose of the magnetic dust if it is deposited on the tunnel bottom.
In order to remove the iron powder from the fine dust in the subway tunnel, the lubricant is sprayed on the rail and the wheel friction point, and the vehicle with the magnet device is operated. However, the reduction rate is 1 to 3% There is a problem.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and as a result, the present invention has been proposed based on the following facts.
The present invention relates to a dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel for suppressing the generation of iron (Fe) powder, dust and fine dust in an enclosed subway tunnel, and more particularly to a dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel which is diluted in a subway tunnel and sprayed or sprayed It is coated with iron powder, dust and fine dust surface by difference in polarity and density to prevent scattering of pollutants and fine dusts, thus providing a pleasant underground tunnel environment and a dust reducing agent in the subway tunnel for the health of citizens and workers To solve the problem.
In order to solve the problems, the present invention provides a method for producing an iron-based alloy, which comprises adding 0.2 to 2.0% by weight of an inorganic or organic salt to smoothly bond iron (Fe) powder, metal ion sequestration or concrete dust to 100% A hydrophilic polymer having a water swelling property and an excellent adhesion property is mixed with 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of an activator and 1.0 to 30.0% by weight of a moisture absorptive agent having an evaporation inhibiting function and hygroscopicity, and a mixture of poloxamer, carbopol, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide, and the like. ), Sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl acetate or sodium alginate, Two or more of natural polysaccharide polymers of calcium alginate, karaya gum, carrageenan, agar, konjac mannan, xanthan gum, water soluble starch and Locust bean gum are selected 0.5 to 30.0% by weight, and the balance being an aqueous solution, spraying or sprinkling in an enclosed space of a subway tunnel, which continuously generates scattered fine dust by the friction between the train wind and the wheel and the rail, The present invention provides a dust-reducing agent which is coated by a difference in polarity and density to prevent scattering of pollutants and fine dusts.
The dust reducing agent provided by the present invention is coated on iron powder, magnetic dust and fine dust surface to be scattered or scattered by stickiness, polarity and density difference to be scattered or sprayed when diluted, sprayed or sprayed according to the working conditions in the closed subway tunnel, It prevents the scattering of substances and fine dusts, and thus has an effect of protecting the environment in a comfortable subway tunnel and the health of workers and workers using the subway.
Fig. 1 shows the inside of the subway tunnel. Fig. 2 (a) shows the scattered iron powder and dust. (B) shows the suspended dust and iron powder after the simple water spray.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel manufactured according to the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) is a view of injecting a dust reducing agent into a tank of a water spraying vehicle, and FIG. 2 (b) shows a dilution of dust reducing agent in a tank.
Fig. 3 (A) is a view of spraying the dust reducing agent produced by the present invention to a subway tunnel, and Fig. 2 (b) is a view of the tunnel immediately after spraying.
4 is a graph showing reduction rates of iron powder and lead after ultrasonic treatment of filter media.
5 shows the reduction rates of iron powder and lead measured by the MCE filter method.
The dust reducing agent in a subway tunnel of the present invention is prepared by mixing a hydrophilic polymer or a natural polysaccharide polymer with a surfactant, an inorganic material and a moisture absorbent.
Organic salts and inorganic salts for the smooth bonding of iron (Fe) powder, metal ion blocking or concrete inorganic substance to 100% by weight of aqueous solution include kaolin, aluminum sulfate, calcium carbonate, zinc stearate, 0.2 to 2.0% by weight of one selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, magnesium chloride, calcium sulfate, clay, sodium citrate, sodium polyphosphate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is used alone or in combination of two or more. More preferably, 0.5 to 1.0 wt% is used. If the amount is less than 0.2% by weight, the effect of the inorganic substance is insignificant. If the amount exceeds 2.0% by weight, the nozzle may be clogged.
A hydrophilic polymer having excellent water swellability and adhesion can be used as a hydrophobic polymer such as poloxamer, carbopol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl acetate or sodium alginate, calcium phosphate, Two or more of the natural polysaccharide polymers of alginate, karaya gum, carrageenan, agar, konjac mannan, xanthan gum, water soluble starch and Locust bean gum are selected to be 0.5 By weight to 30.0% by weight. More preferably 5.0 to 20.0% by weight.
If the content of the selected hydrophilic polymer or natural polysaccharide polymer is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of stickiness, that is, the dust reduction effect is insignificant, and the dispersion stability of the solution is also undesirable. If the content is higher than 30.0% by weight, The viscosity is too high and it is difficult to apply in the manufacturing process.
It is preferable to mix the emulsifying agent and the naturally occurring surfactant having the dispersant function in an amount of 0.2 to 5.0% by weight, wherein the naturally occurring surfactant is selected from lecithin, glucoside, sorbitan and sucrose ester nonionic surfactants desirable.
If the content of the naturally derived surfactant is less than 0.2% by weight, the effect of emulsification and dispersion is insignificant. If the content of the surfactant exceeds 5.0% by weight, there is a problem in economical efficiency of the dust reducing agent and dispersion formulation due to foaming. More preferably 0.5 to 3.5% by weight.
It is preferable to mix 1.0 to 30.0% by weight of the hygroscopic agent having an evaporation inhibiting function and hygroscopicity. Examples of the hygroscopic agent include sucrose, hyaluronic acid, hydrogenated castor oil, glycerin, hydrogenated lecithin ), Coconut oil, paraffin oil, PEG-100 stearate, PEG 200-400, and sorbitol are preferably used.
If the content of the moisture absorber is 1.0 wt% or less, the evaporation-inhibiting effect is insignificant. If the content of the moisture absorber is more than 30.0 wt%, there is a problem in dispersion formulation due to economical efficiency and density difference of the dust abatement agent. More preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
Meanwhile, the dust reducing agent usable in the environment of the subway tunnel of the present invention can be produced by the following method.
The temperature of the aqueous solution is raised to 35, and the selected hydrophilic polymer or two kinds of natural polymers are gradually added dropwise at a high speed for more than 1 hour. After confirming that the dispersion was completely dissolved, add the surfactant and the moisture absorbent having the selected emulsifying and dispersing function, stir for 10 minutes or longer, confirm the complete dispersion dissolution, slowly drop the last selected inorganic substance, After confirming that there is no sediment, the dust reducing agent in the subway tunnel of the present invention is completed.
Spraying or spraying in a subway tunnel with a lot of iron powder, magnetic dust, and fine dust, and as a dust abatement agent, it can be used in the field by using a nozzle, spray gun or sprayer capable of spraying or spraying a certain amount of diluted solution in water Spraying or spraying. The worker may use the viscous fluid appropriately according to the work environment.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Example]
800.0 kg of water was added to a 2.0-ton reactor, the temperature was raised to 35, 100.0 kg of agar and 100.0 kg of water-soluble starch were gradually added dropwise while stirring at high speed for 1 hour and 30 minutes
50.0 kg of decyl glucoside and 200.0 kg of sorbitol were added and stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the remaining water was added so as to meet the weight% condition, 80.0 kg of aluminum sulfate was gradually added dropwise while stirring at low speed for 30 minutes, After confirming that no precipitate was formed and viscous was formed, a dust reducing agent in a viscous subway tunnel was prepared.
<Experiment of dust reduction in subway tunnel>
The following experiment was carried out on the dust reducing agent usable in the subway tunnel manufactured according to the above-mentioned embodiment. The mass concentration of the particulate matter was measured by collecting particulate matter suspended in the air on a filter paper using a high volume air sampler method, wherein the trap particle diameter was 10 or less (PM 10) . The experimental conditions are shown in Table 1 and below.
Fine dust concentration =
The two areas in the subway tunnel where a large amount of iron powder, dust and fine dust were discharged were measured by the above concentration measurement method and the results are shown in Table 2 as the removal efficiency (%). And a general working environment in which only water spraying is performed.
As a result, it was confirmed that the dust reducing agent in the subway tunnel produced by the present invention exhibited excellent removal efficiency as compared with the comparative example in which only water spraying was performed.
<Experiments on suppression of magnetic dust in dust reduction in subway tunnel>
The reduction rate of lead (Pb) and iron (Fe), which are magnetic dust, was measured before and after the injection of dust reduction agent in the subway tunnel. The measurement method is to set the reduction rate of iron and lead at 2 days, 12 days, and 15 days after the application of two samples with different post treatment method in two places in the subway tunnel according to the work environment measurement and quality control regulation (Ministry of Labor Notice 2005- 49), NIOSH analysis method, and KOSHA Code, which were distributed by the Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency (KOSHA).
Filter sonication uses the method specified in Work Assignment 5-30, 2005 (EA 2005) and SOP MLD061, 2002 (ARB, 2002) to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the filter. After the concentration of the collected sample was determined, the filter was placed in a 4% nitric acid solution and sonicated for about 3 hours in an ultra sonicator maintained at 69 to extract the heavy metals collected in the filter, Minute, and then filtrated with Whatman 541 filter paper (Whatman Hardness Ashless 110 mm, England). Finally, the 2-fold diluted samples were refrigerated. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used to determine the concentration of extracted heavy metals.
In the MCE Filter method, a cellulose ester (MCE) filter paper having a diameter of 37 mm and a pore size of 0.8 was used as a medium for collecting common metal dusts and fumes.
In order to minimize the loss due to reduction of the sample, ICP-MS and ICP-OES were used.
The amount of metal is the final volume used for extraction after dryness in the pretreatment process
(mL) and concentration (/, ppm) analyzed by analytical instrument. Collected filter paper
And the amount of metal in the blanks is corrected. A ball that has taken this amount
If you divide it by skill, it becomes air concentration. Finally, the recovery rate is corrected and the reduction ratio before and after the dust reduction injection in the subway tunnel is calculated from the concentration calculation, and is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
C (/) = (WsVs-WbVb) / V RE?
??
C = metal concentration (/)
Ws = metal concentration in sample filter paper (/, ppm)
Vs = volume of final solution of sample (mL)
Wb = metal concentration in the blank (/, ppm)
Vb = final solution volume of the blank (mL)
V = air volume (L)
RE = recovery rate
As shown in the results of FIGS. 4 and 5 for the measurement of the reduction rate of lead (Pb) and iron (Fe), which are dusts, before and after 2, 12 and 15 days of dust reduction in the subway tunnel,
The reduction rate of the dust reducing agent in the subway tunnel according to the present invention showed a reduction rate of 40 ~ 80% according to the post-injection period although there was a reduction ratio according to the post-treatment method. Excellent results were obtained.
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