KR20100130452A - Charging station management system for an electric vehicle with load sharing algorithm - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A system for managing an electric vehicle charging station including a charging load distributing algorithm is provided to reduce peak electric power by distributing charging load of the charging station. CONSTITUTION: A charging station(200) includes a charging part(210) and a controlling part(220) controlling the charging part. The charging part provides interface with respect to an electric vehicle(100). The controlling part transmits chargeable capacity and the starting time and the terminating time of a reserved charging operation to a managing server(300). The managing server determines the charging operation of the charging station based on a charging load distributing algorithm.

Description

Charging Station Management system for an Electric Vehicle with Load Sharing Algorithm}

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging station installed in large-scale residential and commercial complexes, and in more detail, the peak power is reduced by distributing the concentration of charging loads during commute, thereby improving the power supply efficiency of the power supply and additional power generation facilities. The present invention relates to a charging station management system for an electric vehicle including a charging load balancing algorithm that can reduce a user's electric vehicle charging rate by using low-cost late night power through load balancing.

Generally, cars are the energy that it replaced it in gasoline or during the combustion of fossil fuels bar, using fossil fuels such as diesel and harmful gas is generated, and is cited as a major cause of air pollution around the world CO ₂ emissions decreased topic Attention is focused on the development of eco-friendly electric vehicles that use electricity with no emissions.

However, electric vehicles have the disadvantage that the mileage that can be run on a single charge is shorter than that of existing cars using fossil fuels, and they can be used in parking lots such as private / public housing and large commercial facilities to replace existing gas stations. New installation of charging infrastructure is required.

However, even in the case of charging stations, large-scale residential complexes and industrial complexes demand that electric vehicles be charged during the commencement and commute times of the residents. In addition to the problem of a sharp decrease in the efficiency of the power supply, additional power generation facilities may be required for the stability of the power supply.

Accordingly, there is a need for a charging station capable of effectively distributing the charging load of an electric vehicle to reduce peak power.

The present invention connects a charging station for charging an electric vehicle with a remote management server through wired and wireless communication to solve the problems of the prior art, and controls the charging operation of the electric vehicle through a charge load balancing algorithm in the management server The purpose is to provide a charging station management system.

In order to achieve the above object, the charging station management system of the electric vehicle including the charging load balancing algorithm of the present invention provides an electric vehicle charging station in a large residential and commercial complex, and efficiently distributes the charging load of the electric vehicle, thereby providing a power supply. In order to reduce the peak power to improve the efficiency of the power supply, users can reduce the charge rate of the electric vehicle by using the late-night power of the low electric bill.

The present invention relates to a charging load balancing algorithm, and includes receiving charge capacity (Cn), reservation charge start time (Sn), and reservation charge end time (En) information from a controller of at least one charging station. Computing the charging time (Tn) and the charging period (Pn) through the information, comprising the step of grouping two or more of the charging station. And calculating a charging ratio (Tn / Pn) of the charging period Pn to the charging time duration Tn of the grouped charging stations, and controlling the charging operation of the charging stations by comparing the charging ratios. It may include.

In the present invention, the charging time (Tn) is a charge time (Tn) = chargeable capacity (Cn) / allowable current (In) by using the chargeable capacity (Cn) and the allowable current (In) supplied to the charging station. It can be calculated by the formula of ".

In the present invention, the charging period can be calculated by the formula "Charging period (Pn) = {24 + reservation charge end time (En)-reservation charge start time (Sn)}% 24" (where% is the remainder operator). have.

In the present invention, the step of grouping the charging stations may be grouped by the formula " ∑ charging time (Tn) / Max {charge period (Pn)} ≤ 1 ". (Where Max {} is the largest of each charge period)

In the present invention, the controlling of the charging operation of the charging station may start the charging operation of the charging station having the largest charging ratio for each group (ON) and terminate the charging operation of the remaining charging stations (OFF).

In addition, the present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging station management system is connected to the electric vehicle to start (ON) or stop (OFF) the charging operation of the electric vehicle, the charging unit for calculating the chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle; and the charging unit And a charging station including a charging station including a charging station and connecting the control units of the plurality of charging stations through wired and wireless communication to control the charging operation of the charging unit. It may include a management server for receiving the reservation charging start time, and the reservation charging end time, and executes the charging load balancing algorithm to determine the charging operation of each charging station.

In the present invention may further include a database unit for storing the charging related information of the electric vehicle in association with the management server.

In the present invention, the control unit provides a reference time of the charge management system, provides a reference time of the charging station charging operation, and includes a time synchronization unit for performing time synchronization through periodic communication with the management server, the electrical It includes an operation unit for inputting the instant charging start and end of the vehicle, the start time and end time command of the reservation charging, and processing the immediate charge start and end commands entered by the operation unit or the chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle, reservation charging And a main control unit for transmitting a start time and a reservation charge end time to the management server, transferring a charging operation received from the management server to a charging unit, and calculating a charging fee of the electric vehicle. And a display unit for indicating a command input to the operation unit, a current time, an operating state of the charging station, a charging power amount, and a charging charge, and a communication unit including a communication modem configured to connect the charging unit and the management server via a wired or wireless connection. And, the unit may include a memory unit for storing the electricity rate unit price table for the amount of power used to charge the electric vehicle and information (such as the unique number of the charging station) required for the operation of the controller.

In the present invention, the operation unit may be formed of a keypad or a touch pad.

In the present invention, the operation unit may further include a separate input key that the user directly determines and inputs the charging fee or the charging power amount of the electric vehicle, and the command of the charging fee or charging power amount of the electric vehicle is input from the user. Can be.

In the present invention, the operation unit may be a command of the charge rate or the amount of charging power of the electric vehicle from the user.

In the present invention, the display unit is formed of a liquid crystal display (LCD), and outputs a user command received through the operation unit, an operation / stop state of the charging unit, a current time, a charge power amount, and an electric charge used in text or graphics. Can be.

According to the present invention, a remote management server connected to a plurality of charging stations and wired / wireless communication executes a charging load balancing algorithm, and as a result, the charging operation of the charging station is effectively controlled, thereby effectively distributing the charging load to increase the power supply efficiency. have.

In addition, there is an effect that can reduce the power generation capacity for new power generation facilities by reducing the peak power from the power supplier side.

In addition, the use of low-cost electric power in the late night hours from the user side has the effect of reducing the charge of the electric vehicle.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of the following drawings, the same components, even if shown on the other drawings to have the same reference numerals as possible, it is determined that the gist of the present invention may unnecessarily obscure Detailed description of known functions and configurations will be omitted.

1A to 1B are views illustrating an electric vehicle charging station management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1A, an electric vehicle charging station management system includes a management server 300 connected to a charging station 200 connected to an electric vehicle 100 and a plurality of charging stations 200 to control a charging operation of the charging station 200. Include.

Charging station 200 is a location for charging the electric vehicle 100, a control unit for controlling the charging unit 210 and the charging unit 210 to provide an interface connected to the electric vehicle 100 and communicate with the management server 300 It consists of 220.

The charging unit 210 connects the electric vehicle 100 with a power source of a charging station or provides all functions necessary for charging. Although not shown, the charging unit 210 may be configured with a connector, an interface circuit, and a protection circuit for power connection.

The charging unit 210 starts or stops the charging operation of the electric vehicle according to the ON / OFF signal of the controller 220. In addition, the chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle battery ("buffer capacity of the electric vehicle battery-remaining capacity") is calculated and transmitted to the control unit 220.

Although the controller 220 is illustrated as being integrally installed in the charging station in FIG. 1A, the control unit 220 may be provided at a remote location outside the charging station by providing a communication means without being limited to the present invention.

The control unit 220 executes a command related to charging the electric vehicle received from the user, and transmits the chargeable capacity calculated by the charging unit 210 and the reservation charging start time and end time received from the user to the management server 300. And, according to the charging operation received from the management server 300 transmits the ON / OFF signal of the charging device to the charging unit 210. In addition, the charging fee for the amount of power used in the electric vehicle is calculated and displayed to the user through the electric charge unit price information.

In more detail, the control unit 220 includes a visual synchronization unit 221, an operation unit 222, a main control unit 223, a display unit 224, a communication unit 225, and a memory unit 226 (see FIG. 1B). ).

The real time clock 221 provides a reference time used for the operation of the control unit 220 and performs time synchronization through periodic communication with the management server 300. Although not limited, the reference time can be set by the GPS module.

The operation unit 222 may be configured as an input device such as a keypad or a touch pad by a user to input a command for charging an electric vehicle, and commands such as immediate charging start / end and reservation charge start time / end time from the user. Get input.

Immediate charging start / end is performed without the intervention of the management server 300, the user directly transmits the ON / OFF command of the electric vehicle charging operation to the charging unit 210 to execute the charging start and end of the electric vehicle immediately.

The reservation charge start time / end time corresponds to the input of the charging period, and when only the reservation charge end time is input, the reservation charge start time may be regarded as the current time of the time synchronization unit 221.

In addition to the time input function mentioned above, the operation unit 222 may include a key for directly inputting a charging power amount or an electric charge to be charged, so that the user can charge the electric vehicle by the desired amount of power.

In addition, the command input to the operation unit 222 is not limited to being input from the user, but may also be input online through the management server.

The main control unit 223 processes a command received from the user through the operation unit 222, the chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle calculated by the charging unit 210, the start time of the reservation charge of the command input from the operation unit 222 and End time information is transmitted to the management server (300).

Then, the charging operation signal is received from the management server 300, and generates an ON / OFF signal of the charging unit 210 according to the charging operation signal to control the charging operation of the charging unit 210. In addition, when charging is completed, the charging fee of the charged amount of electricity is calculated using the information of the electricity rate unit price table stored in the memory unit 226.

The display unit 224 is formed of an output device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a command input through the operation unit 222, a state (operation or stop) of the charging unit 210, and a time synchronizer 221. The current time set by, the amount of charging power charged in the electric vehicle, and the charging fee calculated by the main controller 223 are displayed through text or graphics.

The communication unit 225 may be configured as a communication modem for wired and wireless communication between the control unit 220 and the management server 300, the control unit 220 is installed in the outside of the charging station-it is installed in the remote from the charging unit 210- In this case, the controller 220 and the charging unit 210 are electrically connected.

In addition, when installed outside, a separate communication modem communicating with the control unit 220 must be installed on the charging unit 210. The communication between the control unit 220 and the management server 300, the control unit 220 and the charging unit Communication of 210 may be configured differently or identically to each other.

In the present invention, the charging unit 210 and the control unit 220 is integrally installed in the charging station, the communication unit 225 on the control unit 220 provides a communication interface with the management server 300.

And, the data transmitted from the control unit 220 to the management server 300 through the communication unit 225 is the start time and end of the reservation charge input by the operation unit 222, the chargeable capacity calculated from the charging unit 210, The amount of power consumed accordingly, and the electricity bill.

The data received from the management server 300 through the communication unit 225 includes the start (On) / end (OFF) operation of the charging unit 210, the unit price, and the reference time for time synchronization.

The memory unit 226 may be configured of a nonvolatile EEPROM, and the like, and store an electric charge unit price table for the amount of power used to charge the electric vehicle, or store various kinds of information necessary for the operation of the controller.

The management server 300 receives information such as the chargeable capacity, the scheduled charging start time, and the scheduled charging end time from the control unit 220 of the charging station 200 at regular intervals, and the charging load balancing algorithm of each charging station. The charging operation signal is determined and the charging operation signal is transmitted to the control unit 220 of the charging station 220.

In addition, the management server 300 performs time synchronization by periodically transmitting a reference time to each control unit 220, and is connected to a plurality of charging stations 220 to control the user convenience through wired and wireless communication in a remote location Let's do it.

In addition, the management server 300 includes a database unit 310, the database unit 310 stores the charging-related information of the electric vehicle as a history so that a user or administrator connected to the management server 300 to charge the electric vehicle. The charging history statistical information such as the fare, the charging pattern, etc. can be checked online or the charging state of the electric vehicle can be monitored or controlled.

2 is a flowchart illustrating a charging load balancing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is connected to a plurality of charging stations and wired or wireless, and illustrates an operation in a management server to reduce the charging load of a charging station at a remote location.

Referring to FIG. 2, after determining the position of the electric vehicle connected to the parking lot where the charging station is installed at the start of a predetermined period (S100), the charging capacity of the electric vehicle (Cn) and the scheduled charging start time (Sn) from the charging station. ) And charging information S110 of the electric vehicle, such as reservation charging end time En information.

The step of calculating the charging time (S120) may be calculated from the chargeable capacity (Cn), and the charging time is until the electric vehicle reaches a full charge, a charge amount input by the user, or a charge corresponding to an electric charge. It means time spent.

In the present invention, the charging unit calculates the chargeable capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle ('capacity of the electric vehicle-remaining capacity') and delivers it to the control unit, the control unit transmits the chargeable capacity to the management server, the charge distribution load of the management server Using the charge capacity (Cn) and the allowable current (In) in the algorithm, the charging time is calculated by the following equation (1).

Charging time (Tn) [hour] = Chargeable capacity (Cn) [A * hour] / Allowable current (In) [A]

In this case, the allowable current In may be determined from a rated current of a distribution line for supplying power to a charging station, or may be calculated from a charging rate of an electric vehicle battery that is basically provided as a battery specification.

Then, when the user first receives the charging rate (maximum charging current) of the battery of the electric vehicle through the control unit and stores it in the memory unit of the control unit and transmits the stored data to the management server, the allowable current is the rated rectification of the distribution line and the maximum charging. It is determined by the smaller value of the current.

Calculating the charging period (Pn) (S130) is a step of calculating the period in which the electric vehicle can be charged can be calculated by Equation 2 below.

Charge period (Pn) = {24 + Reserved Charging End Time (En)-Reserved Charging Start Time (Sn)}% 24 (where% is the remainder operator)

For example, when the charging start time is 12 hours and the charging end time is 19 hours, the remaining 7 as "Pn = (24 + 19-12)% 24" becomes a charging period. If the charging start time is 22 hours and the charging end time is 6 hours, the remaining 8 as "Pn = (24 + 6-22)% 24" becomes a charging period.

Grouping the charging stations (S140) grouping two or more charging stations based on Equation 3 below, and minimizes the number of divided groups.

Charging time (Tn) / Max {Charging period (Pn)} ≤ 1

In the calculating of the charging ratio (S150), the charging ratio (Tn / Pn) of the charging period (Pn) to the charging time duration (Tn) is calculated for each group divided in the step S140.

In the determining of the charging operation (S160), the charging operation of each charging station is controlled by comparing the charging ratio of each charging station belonging to the group divided in the step S150. In more detail, as a result of the comparison of the charging rates, only the charging operation of the charging station having the largest charging ratio is determined to be in an ON state, and the charging operation of another charging station is determined to be in an OFF state.

At this time, when the charging rates of the different charging stations are the same, only the charging operation of any charging station among the charging stations having the same charging ratio is determined as ON, and all the operation of the charging stations whose charging ratio is 1 is determined as ON. do.

In the transmitting of the charging operation signal to the charging station (S170), the charging operation ON / OFF signal determined in S160 is transmitted to the controller of the charging station, and the controller determines charging start and stop of the charging station according to the charging operation signal.

3 is a view showing the charging time and the charging period of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, it is assumed that an a, c, e, f electric car is parked in a parking lot, and the electric car of a takes 4 hours of charging during a charging period from 20:00 to 01:00. It takes time, and the electric car of c needs a charging time of 5 hours for a charging period from 20:00 to 05:00.

In addition, the electric vehicle of e needs 3 hours of charging time for the charging period from 21:00 to 03:00, and the electric vehicle of f is charged for 6 hours during the charging period of 21:00 to 06:00. In consideration of the required time, as shown in FIG.

At this time, when the control cycle of the charging operation of the charging station is set to 1 hour and the operation of the charging station is determined according to the charging load balancing algorithm of FIG. 2, it is determined as shown in Table 1 below.

Referring to Table 1 above, when comparing the charging load balancing algorithm of the electric vehicle (Fig. 4a) and after applying the charging load balancing algorithm (Fig. 4b), when the charging load balancing algorithm is applied It can be seen that the power distribution is possible by distributing the load.

As described above, it has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art various modifications and changes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

1a to 1b is a view showing an electric vehicle charging station management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a flowchart illustrating a charging load balancing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view showing the charging time and charging period of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4a and 4b is a view showing the power consumption before and after charging load distribution of the electric vehicle according to FIG.

           <Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: electric vehicle 200: charging station

210: charging unit 220: control unit

221: time synchronization unit 222: operation unit

223: main controller 224: display unit

225: communication unit 226: memory unit

300: management server 310: database

Claims (12)

Receiving chargeable capacity, reserved charging start time, and reserved charging end time information from the controller of at least one charging station; Calculating a charging time and a charging period based on the information; Grouping two or more of said charging stations; Calculating a charging ratio (Tn / Pn) of the charging period (Pn) to the charging time (Tn) of each of the grouped charging stations; And Determining a charging operation of a charging station by comparing the charging ratio; Charging load balancing algorithm comprising a. The charging load balancing algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the charging time is calculated by dividing the chargeable capacity by the allowable current supplied to the charging station. The charging load balancing algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the charging period is calculated by the following equation. Charging period (Pn) = {24 + Reserved Charging End Time (En)-Reserved Charging Start Time (Sn)}% 24 (Where% is the remainder operator) The charging load balancing algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the grouping of the charging stations is performed by grouping individual charging stations by the following equation. Charging time (Tn) / Max {Charging period (Pn)} ≤ 1  (Where Max {} is the largest of each charge period) The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the charging operation of the charging station is performed. And charging operation of the charging station having the largest charging ratio of each charging station belonging to the group for each group, and charging operation of other charging stations is turned off. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the charging operation of the charging station is performed. Charging load balancing algorithm, characterized in that for starting the charging operation of the charging station of the charging ratio (1). A charging unit connected to the electric vehicle to start or stop the charging operation of the electric vehicle, and calculate a chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle; and controlling the charging operation of the charging unit, and charging the charge through the total amount of power supplied to the electric vehicle. Charging station comprising a control unit for calculating a; And Receive the chargeable capacity, the scheduled charging start time, and the scheduled charging end time by connecting to the control unit of the plurality of charging stations through wired or wireless communication, and each of the charging station by applying the charging load balancing algorithm of claim 1 A management server for determining a charging operation of the; Electric vehicle charging station management system comprising a. The electric vehicle charging station management system of claim 7, further comprising a database configured to store charging related information of the electric vehicle in association with the management server. The method of claim 7, wherein the control unit, A time synchronization unit for providing a reference time of the charging station charging operation and performing time synchronization through periodic communication with the management server; An operation unit for inputting the instant charging start and end of the electric vehicle, the start time and end time command of the reservation charge; Process the charging start and end command immediately inputted by the operation unit or transmits the chargeable capacity, reservation charge start time and reservation charge end time of the electric vehicle to the management server, charging unit received from the management server A main controller for transmitting to and calculating a charging charge of the electric vehicle; A display unit for indicating a command input to the operation unit, a current time, an operating state of the charging station, a charging power amount, and a charging charge; A communication unit electrically connected to the charging unit and the management server; And A memory unit for storing an electricity rate unit price table for the amount of power used to charge the electric vehicle; Electric vehicle charging station management system comprising a. The electric vehicle charging station management system of claim 9, wherein the operation unit is formed of a keypad or a touch pad. The electric vehicle charging station management system of claim 9, wherein the operation unit receives an input of an immediate charging start and end of the electric vehicle, a reservation charging start time and end time, a charging fee, or a charging power amount. 10. The display device of claim 9, wherein the display unit is formed of a liquid crystal display (LCD) and displays a user command received through the operation unit, an operation / stop state of the charging unit, a current time, a charge power amount, and an electric charge used. Vehicle charging station management system.

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