KR20080098945A - Automatic drainage controller for closed hydroponics and controlling method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A drainage control device for rotational hydroponics and method is provided to supply drainage, which is generated in nutrient culture, a nutrient solution to farm products so that the cost for hydroponics is reduced. A drainage control device for rotational hydroponics comprises the following features of: a nutrient supplying part supplying the nutrient solution in which the raw water for the hydroponics and fertilizer are mixed on the growing bed(1); a drainage water collecting basin(3) collecting the drainage ejected from the nutrient supplying part; a sterilization / dilution section which attenuates the drainage by the raw water after sterilizing the drainage gathered from the drainage water collecting basin if the drainage is gathered over the set up capacity(4); a nutrient solution storage storing the sterilized and the diluted drainage and supplying nutrient solution to the nutrient supplying part in need; a raw water feeding part supplying the raw water to the sterilization / dilution section and nutrient solution storage(6); and a controller in which the sterilization / dilution section is included and which on the whole, controls the function of the drainage control device(7).

Description

Automatic drainage controller for closed hydroponics and controlling method for the same}

1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a conventional acyclic drainage control device.

Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a circulating hydroponic cultivation drainage control device of the present invention.

3 is a flowchart of the present invention.

*** Explanation of symbols for important parts of drawing ***

1: cultivation bed 2: nutrient solution supply unit

3: drainage collector 4: sterilization / dilution unit

5: nutrient storage unit 6: raw water supply unit

7: drainage control device 8: controller

9: nutrient solution supply 10: first valve

11: first pump 12: first wander meter

13: PH sensor 14: first EC sensor

15: drainage collection tank 20: sterilizer

21: dilution tank 22: second pump

23: second EC sensor 24: second water level sensor

25: nutrient solution tank 26: third level sensor

27: third valve 28: third pump

29: raw water tank 30: fourth valve

31: fourth pump 32: fifth valve

The present invention relates to a circulating hydroponic cultivation drainage control device and a control method thereof, and in particular, the drainage generated during hydroponic cultivation is collected by a controller, and the collected drainage is diluted by sterilization and administration of raw water and then hydroponic cultivation crops. The present invention relates to a circulating hydroponic drainage control device and a control method thereof, which can prevent soil and water pollution as well as significantly reduce the purchase cost of hydroponic raw water and fertilizer by supplying nutrient solution raw water.

In general, hydroponic cultivation refers to a method of cultivating a plant with nutrient solution dissolving the nutrients necessary for plant growth.For example, the hydroponic cultivation area in Korea is 1,944 700ha in 2000 and 2,008 in 2001 following the rapid growth in the 1990s. 736 ha, 2,068 in 2002

Steady growth continues to 780 ha. Solid medium used for hydroponic culture is rock wool, pearlite, peat moss, urethane foam, etc., alone or mixed, respectively. It occupies 40% of the cultivated area, which indicates that cultivation by pearlite medium is widely used as the most common cultivation system for hydroponic cultivation. By the way, most of the conventional hydroponic cultivation as described above is using a non-cyclic hydroponic cultivation method, such acyclic hydroponic cultivation is more than 30% of the culture solution supplied during hydroponic cultivation is continuously discharged as drainage.

Then, looking at an example of the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus as described above with reference to FIG.

A nutrient solution tank 70 for storing a nutrient solution mixed with hydroponics raw water and fertilizer;

A nutrient solution supply unit 71 for releasing an appropriate amount of nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank 70;

It includes a pump 74 for lifting the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution supply 71 to the cultivation bed 73 via the valve 72.

On the other hand, looking at the operation of the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus as described above, first, in order to cultivate hydroponic plants to plant the desired hydroponic crops on the cultivation bed (73) and then control the nutrient solution feeder 71 to mix the raw water and fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation. The amount of nutrient solution is discharged from the nutrient solution tank 70 in which the prepared nutrient solution is stored. Then, the pump 74 is driven by the function control of the nutrient supply liquid 71 to pull up the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient supply liquid 71 via the valve 72, and then the nutrient solution is cultivated in the bed 73. As it is supplied with water, hydroponic cultivation is executed. At this time, the nutrient solution supplied on the cultivation bed 73 is discharged to the river at least 30% of the supply amount is drained in order to approximately balance the EC and nutrients of the medium.

 However, the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus as described above discharges at least 30% or more of the nutrient solution supply to the drainage in order to maintain the balance between the EC and the nutrients of the medium. Therefore, not only causes water quality and soil pollution, but also suffers from excessive use of water and fertilizer.

In addition, the circulating hydroponic cultivation apparatus that reuses the conventional drainage, because the culture medium is selectively absorbed by the growth stage of the crop or environmental factors, the balance of ionic composition in the drainage is broken, so the individual weapons in the circulating hydroponic culture. The ideal method is to calibrate the culture solution by analyzing ions or monitor and control it using a sensor.In Korea, farmers are very small, so it is difficult to purchase a relatively expensive circulating hydroponic nutrient feeding solution and continuously analyze the nutrient solution. There is also a problem that it is difficult to switch to circulating hydroponic cultivation because there is no system to prescribe.

Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the above problems, and by supplying the nutrient solution back to the crops produced without circulating hydroponic cultivation nutrient solution feeder for the cultivation of raw water and fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation It is an object of the present invention to provide a circulating hydroponic drainage control device and a method of controlling the same, which can significantly reduce the cost.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a circulating hydroponic cultivation drainage control device and a control method of reducing the water quality and soil pollution by waste nutrient solution by recycling the drainage generated during hydroponic cultivation to the stream.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a nutrient solution supply unit for supplying the nutrient solution mixed with the hydroponics raw water and fertilizer on the cultivation bed;

A drainage collecting unit for collecting drainage discharged from the nutrient solution supplying unit;

A sterilization / dilution unit that sterilizes the drainage collected from the drainage collecting unit at a predetermined capacity and then dilutes using raw water;

A nutrient solution storage unit for storing drainage sterilized and diluted by the sterilization / dilution unit and supplying the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution supply unit if necessary;

 A raw water supply unit for supplying raw water to the sterilization / dilution unit and the nutrient storage unit;

It provides a circulating hydroponic cultivation drainage control device comprising a controller for controlling the overall function of the drainage control device, including the sterilization / dilution unit.

Another feature of the present invention is a nutrient supply process for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed by controlling the nutrient solution supply;

A drainage collecting process in which a drainage collecting tank collects drainage discharged from the cultivation bed after the nutrient supplying process;

A sterilization process of transferring the drainage from the drainage collection tank to a sterilization apparatus after the drainage collection process and sterilizing it and then storing it in a dilution tank;

A dilution process of diluting and mixing the set amount of the raw water in the sterilized drainage in the dilution tank after the sterilization process;

After the dilution process, the sterilized and diluted drainage is stored in the nutrient solution tank for use as a nutrient solution, and then the nutrient solution storage process for supplying the reprocessed nutrient solution to the cultivation bed through the nutrient supply in accordance with the function control signal of the controller Provided is a control method of a circulation hydroponic drainage control device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is a nutrient solution supply unit for supplying the nutrient solution mixed with the hydroponics raw water and fertilizer on the cultivation bed (1) as shown in Figure 2;

A drainage collecting unit (3) for collecting drainage liquid discharged from the nutrient solution supply unit (2);

A sterilization / dilution unit (4) which sterilizes the drainage collected from the drainage collecting unit (3) when it is collected over a set capacity and then dilutes using raw water;

A nutrient solution storage part 5 for storing the drained and diluted drainage liquid by the sterilization / dilution part 4 and supplying the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution supply part 2 when necessary;

 A raw water supply unit 6 for supplying raw water to the sterilization / dilution unit 4 and the nutrient solution storage unit 5;

The controller 8 includes the sterilization / dilution unit 4 and controls the overall function of the drainage control device 7.

And, the nutrient solution supply unit 2 and the nutrient solution supply (9) to mix the appropriate fertilizer in the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution storage unit 5 and to discharge according to the control signal of the controller (8);

A first pump (11) for raising the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution supply (9) and supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (1) via the first valve (10);

And a first flow meter 12 connected between the first pump 11 and the first valve 10 to measure an amount of nutrient solution flowing into the controller 8.

In addition, the drainage collection unit 3 includes a PH sensor 13 for measuring the PH value of the drainage discharged from the cultivation bed (1) and transmits it to the controller (8);

A first EC sensor 14 which measures an electrical conductivity (EC) value of the drainage discharged from the cultivation bed 1 and transmits it to the controller 8;

A drainage collecting tank 15 for collecting drainage discharged from the cultivation bed 1;

And a second flow meter 16 connected between the first EC sensor 14 and the drainage collection tank 15 to measure the amount of flowing drainage and input it to the controller 8.

The sterilization / dilution unit 4 includes a collecting tank 17 for collecting the drainage discharged from the drainage collecting tank 15;

A first water level sensor 18 installed at one side of the collecting tank 17 to measure the level of the drainage collected by the collecting tank 17 and to transmit it to the controller 8;

A sterilizer (20) for sterilizing the drainage discharged from the collecting tank (17) via the second valve (19) according to a function control signal of the controller (8);

A dilution tank 21 installed at the rear end of the sterilizer 20 to dilute and store drainage discharged from the collecting tank 17 via the sterilizer 20 according to a function control signal of the controller 8;

The second pump 22 is installed between the second valve 19 and the collecting tank 17 to suck the drainage from the collecting tank 17 and discharge it to the dilution tank 21 according to the function control signal of the controller 8. )Wow;

A second EC sensor (23) installed in the dilution tank (21) for measuring the EC value of the drained liquid diluted in the dilution tank (21) and transmitting it to the controller (8);

And a second level sensor 24 installed in the dilution tank 21 to measure the level of the diluted drainage liquid stored in the dilution tank 21 and transmit it to the controller 8.

On the other hand, the nutrient solution storage unit 5 is a nutrient solution tank 25 for collecting the diluted drainage discharged from the dilution tank 21, that is, nutrient solution and fresh water if there is no nutrient supply;

A third water level sensor 26 installed at one side of the nutrient solution tank 25 to measure the level of the nutrient solution collected by the nutrient solution tank 25 and to transmit it to the controller 8;

The nutrient solution tank 25 is installed between the dilution tank 21 and the nutrient solution tank 25 and diluted with the drainage liquid from the dilution tank 21 according to the function control signal of the controller 8 via the third valve 27. And a third pump 28 for discharging the furnace.

In addition, the raw water supply unit 6 and the raw water tank 29 for storing the raw water;

A fourth valve 30 controlling a path so that raw water is supplied from the raw water tank 29 to the dilution tank 21;

It is installed between the dilution tank 21 and the raw water tank 29 to discharge the raw water from the raw water tank 29 to the dilution tank 21 via the fourth valve 30 according to the function control signal of the controller 8. A fourth pump 31 to make;

And a fifth valve 32 installed between the fourth pump 31 and the nutrient solution tank 25 to control a path so that raw water is supplied from the raw water tank 29 to the nutrient solution tank 25.

Next, a control method applied to the above apparatus will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, the process proceeds from the initial state S1 to the nutrient solution supply process S2 to control the nutrient solution supplier to supply the set nutrient solution to the cultivation bed. Then, after the nutrient supply process (S2) proceeds to the drainage collection process (S3) and the drainage collection tank collects the drainage discharged from the cultivation bed. In addition, after the drainage collection process (S3) to proceed to the sterilization process (S4) to transfer the drainage from the drainage collection tank to the sterilization device to sterilize and then stored in the dilution tank. Then, after the sterilization process (S4) proceeds to the dilution process (S5) to dilute by mixing the amount set in the sterilized drainage of the raw water in the dilution tank. In addition, after the dilution step (S5) proceeds to the nutrient solution storage process (S6) to store the sterilized and diluted drainage in the nutrient solution tank for use as nutrient solution, and then reprocessed through the nutrient solution supply in accordance with the function control signal of the controller The prepared nutrient solution is fed to the cultivation bed.

In other words, in order to circulate hydroponic cultivation through the device 7 of the present invention, the desired hydroponic crop is planted on the cultivation bed 1, and then the controller 8 supplies the nutrient solution supply unit 2 by the conventional hydroponic cultivation method. A certain amount of nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank (25) of the nutrient solution storage section (5) in which the nutrient solution mixed with the hydroponic cultivation raw water and fertilizer is stored by controlling the nutrient supply (9), the first pump (11), and the first valve (10). To be discharged. At this time, the first pump 11 is driven by the function control of the nutrient solution supplier 9 to draw up the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution tank 25 through the nutrient solution supplier 9 to open the first valve 10. After passing through, the nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation bed (1), so that hydroponic cultivation is performed. At this time, the controller 8 checks the nutrient solution flowing through the first flowmeter 12 and controls the appropriate nutrient solution to be supplied to the cultivation bed 1.

On the other hand, when the nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation bed (1) through the above process, the supplied culture solution is absorbed by the crop about 70% and the remaining 30% is discharged as drainage, wherein the discharged drainage The silver is collected into the drainage collection tank 15 via the PH sensor 13, the first EC sensor 14, and the second flow meter 16 of the drainage collecting unit 3, and then the recovered drainage tank is collected. Transfer to).

Here, the PH sensor 13 of the drainage collecting unit 3 measures the PH value of the drained liquid to be recovered to the controller 8 and at the same time the first EC sensor 14 receives the EC value of the drainage, and The second flow meter 16 measures the flow rate of the drainage liquid and transmits it to the controller 8.

Then, the controller 8 calculates the detection values input from the PH sensor 13, the first EC sensor 14, and the second flow meter 16 to determine the sterilization and dilution value of the drainage, and the determined sterilization and dilution. The control signal according to the value is transmitted to the sterilization / dilution unit (4).

In this case, when the drainage recovered to the collecting tank 15 through the first water level sensor 18 reaches a predetermined level, the controller 8 returns the recovered drainage to the second pump 22 and the second valve 19. ) Is transferred to the dilution tank 21 of the sterilization / dilution unit 4 through the sterilizer 20.

At this time, the sterilizer 20 sterilizes the drainage transferred from the collecting tank 15 to the dilution tank 21 and then flows into the dilution tank 21.

On the other hand, when the drainage reaches the dilution tank 21 as described above, the dilution tank 21 is the fourth pump (from the raw water tank 29 of the raw water supply unit 6 in accordance with the dilution value control signal of the controller 8) 31) and the raw water is supplied through the fourth valve 30 and the sterilized drainage is diluted until the set EC value is reached, and the diluted drainage is pumped into the nutrient solution tank 26 of the nutrient storage tank 5. Transmission is carried out via the 28 and the third valve 27. Then, the nutrient solution tank 26 stores the diluted drainage to an appropriate concentration and supplies it to the cultivation bed 1 again through the nutrient solution supply 9 when the nutrient solution is supplied.

Here, the first water level sensor 18 and the third water level sensor 26 provided in the collecting tank 15 and the dilution tank 21 are flooded due to excessive supply of raw water or drainage during the dilution process, or the motor is below the minimum level. Is operated to prevent the cause of the failure, the collection tank 15 serves as a buffer tank for collecting until the water level of the dilution tank 21 when the dilution tank 21 is above the highest level.

  Here, the present invention as described above, as well as the control of the drainage, information about the drainage required for hydroponic cultivation, such as pH, EC, the amount of drainage of the drainage to the monitor (not shown) of the drainage control device 1 or the crawler (8) You can check in real time by connecting to a computer. Therefore, the grower can quickly grasp the reaction of the crop by the supply of culture medium, more rational cultivation is possible.

As described above, the present invention collects the drainage generated during hydroponic cultivation by the controller, and dilutes the collected drainage by sterilization and administration of raw water, and then supplies the nutrient solution to the hydroponic cultivation crop again, so that the existing crop is grown. Since the nutrient solution is supplied again to the crop by using the drainage generated during the plant, the cost of purchasing hydroponic raw water and fertilizer can be considerably reduced.

 Further, according to the present invention, since the drainage generated during hydroponic cultivation is recycled without being discharged into the stream and used again as a nutrient solution, there is an advantage of reducing the water quality and soil pollution according to the waste nutrient solution.

In addition, according to the present invention, not only the control of the drainage but also all the information about the drainage, such as the pH, EC, drainage amount of the drainage can be monitored in real time directly or in connection with a computer according to the function control of the controller accordingly growers There is also an effect that can quickly grasp the reaction of the crop by the supply of the culture.

Claims (7)

A nutrient supply unit for supplying a nutrient solution mixed with hydroponics raw water and fertilizer onto a cultivation bed; A drainage collecting unit for collecting drainage discharged from the nutrient solution supplying unit; A sterilization / dilution unit that sterilizes the drainage collected from the drainage collecting unit at a predetermined capacity and then dilutes using raw water; A nutrient solution storage unit for storing drainage sterilized and diluted by the sterilization / dilution unit and supplying the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution supply unit if necessary;  A raw water supply unit for supplying raw water to the sterilization / dilution unit and the nutrient storage unit; And a controller for controlling the overall function of the drainage control device, including the sterilization / dilution unit. The nutrient solution supply unit according to claim 1, further comprising: a nutrient solution supplying unit for mixing the fertilizer of the amount set in the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution storage unit and discharging the fertilizer according to a control signal of the controller; A first pump for raising the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution supplyer and supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed via the first valve; And a first flow meter connected between the first pump and the first valve to measure an amount of nutrient solution flowing to the controller and input the controller to the controller. According to claim 1, wherein the drainage collection unit PH sensor for measuring the pH value of the drainage discharged from the cultivation bed and transmits to the controller; A first EC sensor for measuring an electrical conductivity (EC) value of the drainage liquid discharged from the cultivation bed and transmitting the measured EC value to a controller; A drainage collecting tank for collecting drainage discharged from the cultivation bed; And a second flow meter connected between the first EC sensor and the drainage collection tank to measure an amount of the drainage flowing into the controller and input the controller to the controller. According to claim 1, wherein the sterilization / dilution portion of the collecting tank for collecting the drainage discharged from the drainage collection tank; A first water level sensor installed at one side of the water collecting tank to measure the water level of the drainage water collected by the water collecting tank and to transmit it to the controller; A sterilizer for sterilizing the drainage discharged from the collecting tank via a second valve according to a function control signal of a controller; A dilution tank installed at the rear end of the sterilizer and diluting the drainage discharged from the collection tank via the sterilizer according to a function control signal of the controller; A second pump installed between the second valve and the collecting tank to suck drainage from the collecting tank and discharge the drained liquid into the dilution tank according to a function control signal of the controller; A second EC sensor installed in the dilution tank and measuring the EC value of the drained liquid diluted in the dilution tank and transmitting the EC value to the controller; And a second level sensor which is installed in the dilution tank and measures the level of the diluted drainage liquid stored in the dilution tank and transmits it to the controller. According to claim 1, wherein the nutrient storage unit and the dilution drainage discharged from the dilution tank, that is, the nutrient solution to collect the nutrient solution tank if there is no nutrient supply; A third level sensor installed at one side of the nutrient solution tank to measure the level of the nutrient solution to be collected by the nutrient solution tank and to transmit it to the controller; And a third pump installed between the dilution tank and the nutrient solution tank to discharge the drained liquid from the dilution tank to the nutrient solution tank via the third valve according to a function control signal of the controller. Cultivation drainage control device. The raw water supply unit of claim 1, further comprising: a raw water tank configured to store raw water; A fourth valve controlling a path so that raw water is supplied from the raw water tank to the dilution tank; A fourth pump installed between the dilution tank and the raw water tank to discharge the raw water from the raw water tank to the dilution tank via the fourth valve according to a function control signal of the controller; And a fifth valve installed between the fourth pump and the nutrient solution tank to control a path so that raw water is supplied from the raw water tank to the nutrient solution tank (25). A drainage collecting process in which a drainage collecting tank collects drainage discharged from the cultivation bed after the nutrient supplying process; A sterilization process of transferring the drainage from the drainage collection tank to a sterilization apparatus after the drainage collection process and sterilizing it and then storing it in a dilution tank; A dilution process of diluting and mixing the set amount of the raw water in the sterilized drainage in the dilution tank after the sterilization process; After the dilution process, the sterilized and diluted drainage is stored in the nutrient solution tank for use as a nutrient solution, and then the nutrient solution storage process for supplying the reprocessed nutrient solution to the cultivation bed through the nutrient solution supply according to the function control signal of the controller Control method of the circulating hydroponic cultivation drainage control device, characterized in that the.

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