KR20040067175A - Method for preparing immune enhancing polysaccharides - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for preparing immune enhancing polysaccharides is provided, thereby effectively preparing immune enhancing polysaccharides by inhibiting the usage of hemicellulose by mycelium of mushroom. CONSTITUTION: The method for preparing immune enhancing polysaccharides comprises the steps of: extracting plant tissue with hot water of sodium hydroxide and treating the extract of plant tissue with enzyme solution; inoculating precultured Basidomycetes into the enzyme treated extract and culturing it under conditions that the mycelium of Basidomycetes cannot use hemicellulose as an energy source; and isolating and purifying hemicellulose from the cultured medium, wherein enzyme is selected from amylase, protease, cellulase and a mixture thereof; the Basidomycetes is selected from Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus Obliquus, Agaricus blazei murrill, Phellinus linteus, Coriolus versicolor and Poria cocas WOLF; and the plant tissue is selected from rice, barley, wheat, corn, African millet, oats, red bean, foxtail millet and Chinese millet.

Description

Method for preparing immune enhancing polysaccharides

The present invention relates to a method for producing an immune activity-enhancing complex polysaccharide comprising a polysaccharide derived from plant tissue and basidiomycete mycelium culture. More specifically, the plant tissues were first extracted, and starch and protein except for hemicellulose were decomposed using enzymes. Secondly, the fungal mycelium was cultured by using only these decomposition products, and finally basidiomycete mycelium. The present invention relates to a method for producing a polysaccharide of a complex component having excellent immunity enhancing function obtained from a culture.

In recent years, as a medical treatment for improving the quality of life of patients, alternative treatment therapies, such as "there are no side effects that do not cause pain to patients," have been greatly highlighted around the world, including in Europe and Japan. In this context, many years ago, many clinicians have been applying food supplements containing a lot of ingredients that enhance immunity to the treatment of cancer, and successful clinical cases have been reported. Coming. In addition, as the importance of preventive medicine is recognized rather than the treatment for diseases such as colds, there is a great demand for improving immunity. In particular, a variety of natural materials for enhancing immunity have been studied, including arabinoxylan, a hemicellulose derived from plant tissues, Ganoderma lucidum mushroom, mushrooms of mushrooms, and ginseng-derived ingredients. It is processed and marketed as a dietary supplement.

Arabinoxysilane is a hemicellulose with arabinose on its main chain composed of xylose, and is known to be contained in many grains. In particular, this arabinoxysilane has been widely known to be effective in boosting immunity, such as activating natural killer cells by research by Dr. Tsurumi, Japan. It is being done. As such, the usefulness of arabinoxysilane has been discovered, techniques for extracting and using immunity enhancing substances from plant tissue raw materials have been reported. In particular, a technique for increasing the utilization rate such as obtaining water-soluble polysaccharides and adding biological modifications using enzyme reactions of glucoamylases and basidiomycetes has been reported (Korean Patent 0344755), but only polysaccharides derived from plant tissues except polysaccharides from mycelium have been reported. Only for that purpose.

Mushrooms have also been known for a long time for their immune and anticancer effects. The history of its use as health food is also deep. In the past, the fruit body of the mushroom (fruit body) was mainly used, but recently, due to various advantages such as the growth rate of mycelial growth, there is an increasing tendency to obtain bioactive substances through mycelial culture. In particular, a technique for obtaining a polysaccharide derived from mushroom mycelium related to an immune enhancing function from shiitake mushroom mycelium (Korean patent 0010762) and situation mushroom mycelium (Korean patent 0174433) has been reported. However, the above prior arts have a problem in that even the bioactive components of the same purpose contained in the media components are depleted by the mycelium by leaving the whole media components to be used by the mycelium during the mycelial culture process.

The present invention has been made to recognize and improve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to prepare a method for producing an immune activity-enhancing complex polysaccharide consisting of a polysaccharide derived from plant tissues and basidiomycete mycelium culture. To provide.

1 is a line graph showing the amount of change in the relative content ratio by comparing the concentration and initial concentration of the constituent sugar obtained by the practice of the present invention and the mycelia for each culture period.

The object of the present invention, the step of treating the enzyme solution to the extract obtained by extracting the plant tissue with hot water or sodium hydroxide; Inoculating the mycelia of the basidiomycete precultured on the extract treated with the enzyme and culturing under conditions such that the mycelium of the basidiomycetes cannot use hemicellulose as an energy source; After the culture, it is achieved by a method for producing an immune activity enhancing polysaccharide, characterized in that it comprises the step of separating, purifying hemicellulose from the culture.

The present invention will be described in more detail as follows.

First, plant tissues, particularly cereals, are extracted using hot water or sodium hydroxide, and then the enzyme is used to decompose the extract. At this time, any enzyme can be used as long as it does not decompose hemicellulose. Therefore, it is possible to use enzymes such as amylase, protease and cellulase. Through this process, it is possible to promote the growth of basidiomycetes and reduce the use of hemicellulose as a carbon source.

The plant tissue may be selected from grains such as rice, barley, wheat, corn, sorghum, oats, red beans, crude, millet and the like.

This culture involves the pre-culture process of seed culture of basidiomycete mycelium. Select one of shiitake mushroom, ganoderma lucidum mushroom, chaga mushroom, agaricus mushroom, edible mushroom, cloud finger mushroom, and bokyeong . During this process, it is important to cultivate the mycelium of basidiomycetes while suppressing the secretion of hemicellulase. This is possible, for example, by culturing with sufficient concentration of other carbon sources in the medium nutrient component.

Next, inoculate the pre-cultivated spawn mycelium to the plant tissue extract treated with enzyme to carry out the main culture. By controlling the incubation period, the mycelium preferentially utilizes starch degradant as carbon source and proteolysate as nitrogen source. To induce. During this process, plant tissue extracts can be expected to be solubilized or biologically degraded or modified by enzymes produced during mycelial culture, and further converted into highly bioactive substances. The incubation period is adjusted according to the amount of mycelial inoculation and the concentration of nutrients in the medium.

After the main culture is completed, hemicellulose is separated and purified from the culture.

Separation and purification of hemicellulose is performed as follows.

The culture is ground and warmed to perform hydrothermal extraction. The hot water extract is centrifuged to collect the supernatant, and twice the ethanol is added and centrifuged to dissolve the precipitate in distilled water and treated with ethanol again to obtain a precipitate, which is dissolved in distilled water and dried in a spray dryer to obtain a polysaccharide.

According to the said method, both hemicellulose in the mycelium of basidiomycetes and hemicellulose in the plant structure body used as a medium can be obtained efficiently.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Fibrin Extraction and Enzyme Treatment from Plant Tissues

40 g of wheat bran, 40 g of rice bran, and 20 g of soybean meal (de-fatted soy powder) were added to 2 L of 50 mM sodium hydroxide solution and extracted by heating at 80-90 ° C. for 1 hour. After extraction, the pH was adjusted to 5.2 and 100 mg of amylase was added, followed by reaction at 40 ° C. for 3 hours. Again, cellulase and protease were each added 200 mg and reacted at 40 ° C. for 10 hours. After the reaction, sterilized for 20 minutes at 121 ℃ to obtain a plant tissue extract.

Example 2

Elevation ( Lentinus edodes ) Mycelial seed culture

Shiitake mushroom mycelium (KCTC 6737) is a liquid medium [2% (w / v) malt extract, 5% (w / v) dextrose, 0.5% (w / v) yeast extract, 0.5% (w / v ) Bacterium peptone, pH 5.0] was inoculated with 0.4 L, and then cultured for 7 days under aeration conditions at 25 ° C. to obtain shiitake mycelium spawn culture.

Example 3

Shiitake mushroom mycelium culture

2 liter of sterilized plant tissue extract was inoculated with 0.4 liter of shiitake mycelium spawn culture and then incubated for 14 days at 25 ° C. aeration. At this time, changes in cell mass and constituent equivalents were measured during the incubation period, and constituent sugars were confirmed by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). At this time, the constituent sugar was measured for glucose, arabinose, and xylose.

The results of the measurement of the amount of constituent sugars and cells are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 4

Polysaccharide Extraction and Purification

After the process of Example 3 was completed, crushed (homogenization) and warmed it was extracted with hot water for 3 hours at 80 ~ 90 ℃. This was centrifuged for 10 minutes (6,000 x g) and only the supernatant was collected. Two volumes of ethanol were added thereto and centrifuged again (12,000 x g) to obtain a precipitate. Distilled water was added thereto to dissolve it, and then double volume of ethanol was added thereto, followed by centrifugation (12,000 × g) to obtain a precipitate. After dissolving this in distilled water, a polysaccharide extract powder was finally obtained using a spray dryer (APV, Denmark).

In this culture in Example 3, the culture period was changed, and the change in the composition sugar and the total equivalents obtained were compared through the steps of Example 4.

The results are shown in Table 2 below.

In the above embodiments, as a result of measuring the incubation period to obtain the most efficient polysaccharide with immune activity enhancing function while securing a large amount of mycelia, 6 to 8 days as shown in the line graph shown in FIG. It was confirmed that). At this time, it is considered that mycelia of basidiomycete grow not using hemicellulose as a carbon source but mainly using other carbon sources which are more abundantly regulated. This means that the concentration of arabinose and xylose is maintained without significant change until the glucose concentration in the culture medium is lower than 3% compared to the initial medium concentration, and this time is the stationary state in which the mycelial growth is saturated. phase) (see Tables 1 and 2).

On the basis of this fact, it is possible to determine the discontinuation of the mycelial culture, i.e., when the growth of the cells is in the normal phase and the concentration of glucose in the medium decreases from 3 to 59% compared to the initial concentration, Iii) can be used. Whether the growth of the cells is located in the normal phase can be known simply by measuring the weight of the cells obtained by centrifugation of the culture, and the concentration of glucose in the medium can be measured through various known methods.

The present invention is to efficiently obtain complex polysaccharides derived from plant tissues and basidiomycete mycelium having the function of enhancing immune activity by culturing the mycelium of basidiomycete under conditions that prevent the use of hemicellulose with immune function to enhance the immunity among the plant tissue extract components. Can be.

Claims (7)

Treating the extract obtained by extracting plant tissues with hot water or sodium hydroxide; Inoculating the mycelia of the basidiomycete precultured on the extract treated with the enzyme and culturing under conditions such that the mycelium of the basidiomycetes cannot use hemicellulose as an energy source; After the culture, the method for producing an immune activity enhancing polysaccharide comprising the step of separating and purifying hemicellulose from the culture. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzyme is selected from the group of enzymes consisting of amylase, protease, cellulase, and mixtures thereof. The method according to claim 1, wherein the basidiomycete is selected from shiitake mushrooms, ganoderma lucidum mushroom, chaga mushroom, agaricus mushroom, eggplant mushroom, cloud finger mushroom, and bogyeong. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant tissue is selected from rice, barley, wheat, corn, sorghum, oats, red beans, crude, millet. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture period is in the normal growth period of the cells, the concentration of glucose in the medium to stop the culture in the conditions of 3 to 59% compared to the initial concentration of the production of the immune activity enhancing complex polysaccharide Way. The method of claim 1, wherein the hemicellulose is separated and purified, the culture is ground and extracted by hot water, the supernatant is collected by centrifugation in the hot water extract, treated with ethanol to obtain a precipitate, and the precipitate is dissolved in distilled water and treated with ethanol. After centrifugation to obtain a precipitate again, it is dissolved in distilled water and dried in a spray dryer, characterized in that for producing an immune activity enhancing polysaccharide. Immune activity enhancing complex polysaccharide consisting of hemicellulose containing arabinoxysilane prepared by any one of claims 1 to 6.