KR20040005133A - Battery full charge management method of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Battery full charge management method of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040005133A KR20040005133A KR1020020039435A KR20020039435A KR20040005133A KR 20040005133 A KR20040005133 A KR 20040005133A KR 1020020039435 A KR1020020039435 A KR 1020020039435A KR 20020039435 A KR20020039435 A KR 20020039435A KR 20040005133 A KR20040005133 A KR 20040005133A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/90—Driver alarms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/92—Driver displays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 전기자동차의 충전상태 관리 방법에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 배터리 충전 전압의 만충전 판단에 정확성을 제공하도록 한 전기자동차의 배터리 만충전 관리방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of managing a state of charge of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery full charge management method of an electric vehicle to provide accuracy in determining the full charge of a battery charge voltage.
전기자동차에서 주동력원인 배터리는 차량의 품질을 결정하는 주요한 부품중의 하나이다.Batteries, the main driving force in electric vehicles, are one of the major components that determine the quality of a vehicle.
따라서, 전기자동차에는 배터리에 대한 제반적인 상태를 총괄 관리하는 배터리 관리 시스템(Battery Management System ; BMS)이 구비되는데, BMS이 하는 여러 가지의 관리기능 중에서 배터리의 만충전 관리는 배터리의 관리에 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다.Accordingly, the electric vehicle is equipped with a battery management system (BMS) that manages the overall state of the battery. Among the various management functions performed by the BMS, the full charge management of the battery is very important in the battery management. It is an important factor.
예를들어, BMS에서 배터리의 만충전을 정확하게 판단하지 못하여 배터리가 과충전 되는 경우 배터리의 온도가 심하게 올라가 화재 등의 위험성이 존재하게 되며, 아울러 배터리의 수명을 단축시키게 되고, 반대로 배터리의 만충전을 정확하게 판단하지 못하여 정상 전압 이하로 충전되는 경우 심방전을 초래하게 되어 배터리의 충/방전 사이클(Cycle)에 지장을 주게되며, 주행중 갑자기 차량이 정지하여 운행이 불가능하게 되는 상황이 발생하게 된다.For example, if the battery is overcharged because the BMS does not accurately determine the battery's full charge, the battery's temperature rises severely, resulting in a risk of fire, etc., and also shortening the battery's life. If the battery is charged below the normal voltage because it is not accurately judged, deep discharge may occur, which may affect the charge / discharge cycle of the battery, and the vehicle may suddenly stop while driving, making it impossible to operate.
따라서, 종래의 전기자동차에서 배터리의 만충전을 판단하기 위한 방법으로, 단위 시간당 온도 변화율에 따른 전류값을 가지고 산출한 기준값(dT/dt_ref)을 맵 데이터로 설정하고, 현재의 온도 변화율(dT/dt_cal)을 검출하여 상기 맵 데이터로 설정된 기준값과의 비교를 통해 배터리의 만충전 여부를 판단하고 있다.Therefore, as a method for determining the full charge of a battery in a conventional electric vehicle, the reference value (dT / dt_ref) calculated with the current value according to the temperature change rate per unit time is set as map data, and the current temperature change rate (dT / dt_cal) is detected and compared with the reference value set as the map data to determine whether the battery is fully charged.
즉, 현재 배터리의 온도 변화율(dT/dt_cal)이 상기 맵 데이터로 설정된 기준값(dT/dt_ref)을 초과하는 상태가 설정된 소정의 횟수 또는 일정시간, 바람직하게는 3회 또는 3초 이상 검출되면 BMS는 배터리의 만충전으로 판단하여 배터리의 잔존용량을 나타내는 충전상태(State Of Charge ; SOC)값을 100%로 리셋하여 배터리의 과충전이 발생되지 않도록 하고 있다.That is, when the state where the temperature change rate (dT / dt_cal) of the current battery exceeds the reference value (dT / dt_ref) set as the map data is detected a predetermined number of times or a predetermined time, preferably three times or three seconds or more, the BMS It is determined that the battery is fully charged, and the state of charge (SOC) value indicating the remaining capacity of the battery is reset to 100% to prevent the battery from being overcharged.
상기 현재의 온도 변화율(dT/dt_cal)은 하기의 수학식 1을 통해 산출한다.The current temperature change rate (dT / dt_cal) is calculated through Equation 1 below.
상기에서 Tb0는 현재 배터리 모듈의 최고온도이고, Tb1은 현재의 시점으로부터 일정시간 이전, 바람직하게는 1분전의 배터리 모듈의 최고 온도이며, K는 배터리 셀간 속도에 따른 보정치이고, Ta0는 현재의 배터리 조건에서의 온도이다.In the above, Tb0 is the highest temperature of the current battery module, Tb1 is the highest temperature of the battery module before a certain time, preferably one minute before the current time, K is a correction value according to the speed between battery cells, Ta0 is the current battery Temperature at the condition.
또한, 단위 시간당 온도 변화율에 따른 기준값(dT/dt_ref)은 하기의 수학식 2를 통해 산출된다.In addition, the reference value (dT / dt_ref) according to the temperature change rate per unit time is calculated through Equation 2 below.
상기에서 Ibat_avg는 설정된 일정시간, 바람직하게는 1분 동안의 평균 충전 전류이고, K'는 전류 주파수에 따른 보정치이다.In the above description, Ibat_avg is the average charging current for a predetermined time period, preferably 1 minute, and K 'is a correction value according to the current frequency.
상기한 만충전 판단방법을 적용하고 있는 종래의 전기자동차는 충전중에 시스템의 임의의 부분에 고장이 발생하거나 이상이 발생하여 첨부된 도 3의 'B' 포인트에서와 같이 충전 상태의 계산에 에러가 발생하는 경우 첨부된 도 3의 'A' 포인트에서와 같이 충전 전류값이 감소하는 것으로 감지된다.In the conventional electric vehicle to which the full charge determination method described above is applied, an error occurs in the calculation of the state of charge as in the point 'B' of FIG. If so, it is sensed that the charging current value decreases, as at point 'A' of FIG.
따라서, BMS는 실제 충전 전압은 만충전이 되지 않았으나, 만충전이 된 것으로 판단하여 첨부된 도 3의 'C'포인트 혹은 도 4에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이 배터리의 SOC를 100%로 리셋시킨다.Therefore, the BMS resets the SOC of the battery to 100% as can be seen from the attached 'C' point of FIG.
따라서, 운전자는 클러스터에 지시되는 배터리의 SOC만을 보고 배터리의 상태를 판단하게 되므로 주행중 배터리 전압의 제한에 의해 차량이 정지되는 난처한입장에 처하게 되는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, the driver determines the state of the battery only by looking at the SOC of the battery instructed in the cluster, there is a problem that the vehicle is in a difficult position to stop by the limitation of the battery voltage while driving.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로, 그 목적은 배터리의 만충전 검출시 배터리의 평균 전류가 설정된 기준값 이상인지의 여부를 한번더 판단하고, 에러 카운터가 설정된 기준횟수 이상이며 배터리 관리 시스템에서 전류 요구가 검출되는 경우 만충전 판단에 이상이 있는 것으로 판단하도록 함으로써 배터리 관리 시스템의 배터리 만충전 판단에 정확성과 신뢰성을 제공하도록 한 것이다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, and its object is to determine once more whether the average current of the battery is above the set reference value when the battery is fully charged, and the error counter is above the set reference number When the current demand is detected in the management system, it is determined that there is an error in the full charge determination, thereby providing accuracy and reliability in the battery full charge determination of the battery management system.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차의 배터리 만충전 관리 장치에 대한 개략적인 구성도.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a battery full charge management apparatus of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차에서 배터리 만충전 관리를 수행하는 일 실시예의 흐름도.2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of performing battery full charge management in an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
도 3은 종래의 전기자동차에서 배터리 만충전 판단시 에러 발생을 보이는 상태 천이 그래프.3 is a state transition graph showing the occurrence of an error when determining the battery full charge in a conventional electric vehicle.
도 4는 도3에서 C 부분을 확대한 상태 천이 그래프.FIG. 4 is an enlarged state graph of a portion C in FIG. 3; FIG.
상기와 같은 목적을 실현하기 위한 본 발명은 시동온 상태에서 배터리의 시간당 온도 변화율 산출하여 기준 변화율과 비교하는 과정과; 현재의 시간당 온도 변화율이 기준 변화율 보다 낮은 상태를 유지하면 초기의 과정으로 리턴하고, 높은 상태이면 일정시간 동안의 평균 충전 전류를 산출하여 설정된 기준값과 비교하는 과정과; 상기에서 평균 충전 전류가 기준값 이상이면 시스템의 정상으로 판단하여 에러 플래그를 리셋시킨 다음 시간당 온도 변화율이 배터리의 만충전으로 검출되는지 판단하는 과정과; 상기에서 만충전이 검출되면 SOC를 100%로 리셋하는 과정과; 평균 충전 전류가 기준값 이하이면 에러 플래그를 카운터 업 한 다음 적산된 카운터값이 설정된 기준횟수 이상인지를 판단하는 과정과; 적산된 카운터 값이 기준횟수 이하이면 상기의 적산 과정을 반복하고, 기준횟수 이상이면 만충전을 검출에 이상이 있는 것으로 판단하여 운전자에게 지시하는 과정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로한다.The present invention for realizing the above object is the process of calculating the temperature change rate per hour of the battery in the start-up state and comparing it with the reference change rate; If the current time-per-temperature change rate is lower than the reference change rate, returning to the initial process, and if the high-temperature change rate is high, calculating the average charging current for a predetermined time period and comparing it with the set reference value; Determining that the system is in a normal state when the average charging current is greater than or equal to the reference value, resetting the error flag, and then determining whether the rate of change in temperature per hour is detected by full charge of the battery; Resetting the SOC to 100% when full charge is detected; If the average charging current is less than or equal to the reference value, counting up the error flag and determining whether the integrated counter value is greater than or equal to the set reference number of times; If the integrated counter value is less than or equal to the reference number of times, the integration process is repeated, and if it is more than the reference number, it is characterized in that it includes a process of instructing the driver to determine that there is an abnormality in detecting the full charge.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 일 실시예를 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1에서 알 수 있는 본 발명에 따른 전기 자동차의 배터리 만충전 관리장치는, 동력원인 메인 배터리(10)와, 메인 배터리(10)내에 포함되어 있는 도시되지 않은 전류센서에서 측정되는 전류값을 설정된 알고리즘을 통해 연산하여 모터 제어, SOC 산출, 배터리 용량(Ah) 산출, SOC와 전압 차이에 따라 최대 방전 허용 전류값 관리, 회생 제동시 온도에 따른 전압값을 설정하여 전류 제한값 설정, 주행시 차량의 출력 전압에 따른 전류 제한 조건 설정 및 배터리 팩의 시간당 온도 변화에 따른 만충전 관리 등을 수행하는 BMS(20)와, 상기 BMS(20)내의 프로세서에서 인가되는 제어신호에 따라 접점이 스위칭 되어 배터리(10)의 전압을 모터(50)측에 공급하는 컨텍터(30)와, 상기 컨텍터(30)를 통해 공급되는 배터리(10)의 전압을 제어하여 구동력을 발생하는 모터(50)의 토오크, 구동 속도 등을 제어하는 모터 제어기(40)로 구성된다.The apparatus for fully charging a battery of an electric vehicle according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 may include a main battery 10 as a power source and a current value measured by a current sensor (not shown) included in the main battery 10. Algorithm calculation, motor control, SOC calculation, battery capacity (Ah) calculation, maximum discharge allowable current value management according to SOC and voltage difference, current limit value setting by regulating braking voltage value, output of vehicle when driving The contact point is switched according to the control signal applied from the BMS 20 and the processor in the BMS 20 to perform the current limiting condition setting according to the voltage and the full charge management according to the temperature change per hour of the battery pack, and the battery 10 Torque of the motor 50 generating the driving force by controlling the voltage of the contactor 30 to supply the voltage of the motor to the motor 50 and the battery 10 supplied through the contactor 30, It consists of a motor controller 40 for controlling the drive speed and the like.
상기에서 BMS(40)는 배터리(30)의 충전 상태가 80% 이상을 유지하는 경우 매우 높음(Very High SOC)으로 설정하고, 65% 이상 80% 이하를 유지하는 범위에 포함되는 경우 높음(High SOC)으로 설정하며, 40% 이상 65% 이하를 유지하는 범위에 포함되는 경우 보통(Normal SOC)으로 설정하며, 25% 이상 40% 이하를 유지하는 범위에 포함되는 경우 낮음(Low SOC)으로 설정하며, 25% 이하를 유지하는 경우 매우 낮음(Very Low SOC)으로 설정하여 이에 대한 SOC 정보를 운전자에게 제공하여 준다.The BMS 40 is set to Very High SOC when the state of charge of the battery 30 is maintained at 80% or more, and is high when included in a range maintaining 65% or more and 80% or less. SOC), and if it is included in the range of 40% or more and 65% or less, set it to Normal SOC.If it is in the range of 25% or more and 40% or less, set it to Low SOC. If it keeps below 25%, it sets to Very Low SOC and provides the driver with SOC information.
상기한 기능을 포함하여 구성되는 전기자동차에서 배터리 만충전을 판단 관리하는 동작에 대하여 도 2를 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.An operation of determining and managing a battery full charge in an electric vehicle including the above function will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
시동 온 주행상태에서(S101) BMS는 배터리의 온도 변화를 검출하여(S102) 상기한 수학식 1을 통해 단위 시간당 온도 변화율(dT/dt_cal)을 산출한다(S103).In the start-on driving state (S101), the BMS detects a temperature change of the battery (S102) and calculates a temperature change rate (dT / dt_cal) per unit time through Equation 1 (S103).
이후, 산출된 단위 시간당 온도 변화율(dT/dt_cal)을 맵 데이터로 설정된 온도 변화율의 기준값((dT/dt_ref)과 비교하여 현재의 온도 변화율이 기준 변화율 이상인지를 판단한다(S104).Thereafter, the calculated temperature change rate per unit time (dT / dt_cal) is compared with a reference value (dT / dt_ref) of the temperature change rate set as map data, and it is determined whether the current temperature change rate is equal to or greater than the reference change rate (S104).
상기에서 현재의 온도 변화율이 기준 변화율 이상이 아닌 것으로 판단되면 초기의 과정으로 리턴되고, 현재의 온도 변화율이 기준 변화율 이상인 것으로 판단되면 설정된 일정시간, 바람직하게는 1분 동안 평균 충전 전류값(Ibat_avg)을 산출하여(S105), 산출된 평균 충전 전류값(Ibat_avg)이 설정된 기준 전류값 이상인지를 판단한다(S106).If it is determined that the current temperature change rate is not higher than the reference change rate, the process returns to the initial process, and if it is determined that the current temperature change rate is higher than or equal to the reference change rate, the average charging current value (Ibat_avg) for a predetermined time period, preferably 1 minute, is set. (S105), it is determined whether the calculated average charging current value Ibat_avg is equal to or greater than the set reference current value (S106).
상기에서 산출되는 평균 충전 전류값(Ibat_avg)이 설정된 기준 전류값 이상인 것으로 판단되면 배터리의 만충전 판단을 정상적으로 수행할 수 있는 것으로 판단하여 에러 플래그(Error Flag)를 리셋시킨다(S107).When it is determined that the average charging current value Ibat_avg calculated above is equal to or greater than the set reference current value, it is determined that the battery can be fully charged and determined to reset the error flag (S107).
이후, 배터리 모듈의 시간당 온도 변화율을 검출하여(S108) 만충전 상태인지를 판단하며(S109), 만충전 상태가 아닌 것으로 판단되면 상기 S108의 과정으로 리턴하여 배터리 모듈의 만충전 여부를 연속적으로 검출 판단하고 만충전인 것으로 판단되면 SOC를 100%로 리셋시켜 현재 배터리 모듈이 만충전 상태임을 소정의 방법을 통해 운전자에게 지시하여 준다(S110).Thereafter, the temperature change rate per hour of the battery module is detected (S108) to determine whether it is in a full charge state (S109). If it is determined that the state is not in a full charge state, the process returns to the process of S108 to continuously detect whether the battery module is fully charged. If it is determined that it is fully charged, the SOC is reset to 100% and instructs the driver through a predetermined method that the current battery module is fully charged (S110).
상기 S106의 판단에서 일정시간 동안 산출되는 평균 충전 전류값(Ibat_avg)이 설정된 기준 전류값 이하인 것으로 판단되면 에러 플래그를 카운터 업 한 다음(S111), 적산된 에러 플래그 카운터 값이 설정된 기준횟수, 바람직하게는 3회를 초과하였는지를 판단한다(S112).If it is determined in S106 that the average charging current value Ibat_avg calculated for a predetermined time is less than or equal to the set reference current value, the error flag is countered up (S111), and the integrated error flag counter value is set to the reference number of times, preferably. Determine whether or not more than three times (S112).
상기에서 적산된 에러 플래그 카운터값이 설정된 기준횟수를 초과하지 않은 상태이면 상기의 과정으로 리턴하여 연속적인 에러 플래그 카운터가 수행되도록 하고, 적산된 에러 플래그 카운터값이 설정된 기준횟수를 초과한 것으로 판단되면 BMS측에서 전류 공급의 요구가 검출되는지를 판단한다(S113).If the accumulated error flag counter value does not exceed the set reference number, the process returns to the above process to perform a continuous error flag counter, and if it is determined that the accumulated error flag counter value exceeds the set reference number. It is determined whether a request for a current supply is detected on the BMS side (S113).
상기에서 적산된 에러 플래그 카운터가 설정된 기준횟수를 초과하였고, 전류 요구가 있는 것으로 판단되면 시스템 임의의 부분에 고장이 발생하여 만충전을 정상적으로 검출하지 못하는 것으로 판단하여 그에 대한 정보를 소정의 방법을 통해 운전자에게 지시하여 준다(S114).If the accumulated error flag counter exceeds the set reference number and it is determined that there is a current demand, it is determined that a failure occurs in any part of the system and that full charge cannot be detected normally. Instructs the driver (S114).
따라서, 전기자동차에서 배터리의 만충전 판단에 정확성이 제공되어 안정된 운행이 제공된다.Therefore, in the electric vehicle, accuracy is provided in determining the full charge of the battery, thereby providing stable driving.
상기한 설명에서 수치가 기재되어 있으나, 이 수치는 해당 조건에 대하여 한정하는 것이 아니라 조건 판단을 위한 예시의 수치이며, 이는 설계자의 프로그램에 따라 가변되는 수치이다.Although a numerical value is described in the above description, the numerical value is not limited to the corresponding condition, but is an exemplary numerical value for determining a condition, which is a variable that varies according to a designer's program.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 배터리의 만충전 상태의 검출 판단에 있어 안정성이 제공되므로, 운행중 배터리의 충전 전압 정보를 정확하게 판단하여그에 따라 적절한 충전 조치를 취할 수 있게 된다.As described above, the present invention provides stability in the detection of the fully charged state of the battery, so that the charging voltage information of the battery can be accurately determined during operation and appropriate charging measures can be taken accordingly.
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